International Journal of Transgender Health最新文献

{"title":"Affirming care at the margins: Community health clinics and health equity for transgender people of color.","authors":"Erin Bryant-Ross","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2541986","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2541986","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 2","pages":"631-635"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13015067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listening to the voices of black trans men and transmasculine people in Detroit: community strengths and challenges.","authors":"Gabriel Lee Johnson, Ini-Abasi Ubong, Rimonte A Parker, Kalaan Scott, Elijah Earnest, Elliot E Popoff, Mykell Price, Gary W Harper","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2534187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2025.2534187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few transmasculine health studies have actively engaged members of the community in a participatory process of identifying the health-related issues that are most salient to their lives. Seldom have existing studies have focused their inquiries on the unique experiences of Black transgender men and transmasculine individuals. To address the unique physical and mental health needs of Black transgender men and transmasculine people in the U.S., members of these communities need to be actively engaged in all phases of the research process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Through a participatory process with a community-based organization, three community forums were conducted (<i>N</i> = 17) with a sample of majority Black trans men and transmasculine individuals from the Detroit metro area (DMA). Community forums focused on eliciting responses pertaining to how living as Black transgender man or transmasculine person influenced barriers and facilitators to their health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes arose across the three community forums: strengths, challenges, health topics, and program needs and recommendations. Across all four themes, participants contextualized their responses at multiple levels, from individual to cultural and structural.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work emphasizes the importance of bringing the voices of Black transgender men and transmasculine people to the center, allowing them to voice their own needs to shape future research and funding agendas. Future directions of research, intervention, and funding initiatives need to prioritize work conducted by and for Black transgender men and transmasculine populations to create sustainable, long-term solutions to address structural oppression faced by this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural stigma, parenthood patterns and depressive symptoms among transgender and gender diverse individuals across 30 countries in Europe.","authors":"Felicitas Falck, B D Smart, L Frisén, R Bränström","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2537879","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2537879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Life circumstances of transgender and gender diverse individuals are strongly influenced by where they live. Little is known about how structural factors, for example, laws, policies, and population attitudes relating to transgender and gender diverse populations, affect their family building or mental health as parents.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to examine parenthood patterns among European transgender and gender diverse individuals, and whether their likelihood of biological parenthood differed by sex assigned at birth, gender identity or country level structural stigma. Another goal was to assess patterns of depressive symptoms by country level structural stigma based on parenthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using multi-level regression, we combined cross-sectional individual level data on parenthood, gender identity, sex assigned at birth and depressive symptoms from 13,302 transgender and gender diverse individuals with a measure of country level structural stigma based on national legislation, policies and population attitudes across 30 European countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 8.3% were parents. Biological parenthood was more common among individuals assigned male than female. The odds ratio of biological parenthood was higher for transgender women than gender diverse individuals assigned male but lower for transgender men than gender diverse individuals assigned female. Country level structural stigma was not significantly associated with parenthood. Parenthood status and structural stigma did not predict depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gender identity and sex assigned at birth influence family building in transgender and gender diverse individuals, most likely through societal factors and gender dysphoria. An association between structural stigma, parenthood and mental health could not be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2428-2444"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of functional neurological disorder in transgender people.","authors":"Richard C J Bradlow, Sav Zwickl, Patrick Reardon, Ada S Cheung, Richard A Kanaan","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2538742","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2538742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trans and gender diverse people may be more likely to have a functional neurological disorder (FND), although the reasons for this are unclear. This systematic review examines the relationship between trans people and FND, to determine if one population is overrepresented in the other, and if gender affirming-care affects symptoms of FND.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted as per PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed on OVID (MEDLINE), PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Studies included focused on both FND and trans people, had subjects of any age, and were original research articles. When the study referred to somatic symptom and related disorders it was included. Study quality was assessed using JBI's critical appraisal tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies were included. Seven examined the prevalence of FND (or likely FND) in trans people, or of trans people in people in FND or (likely FND patient populations), and seven were case studies or series of trans people with probable FND (total cases = 20). Trans people made up 3-45% of people with FND; somatic symptom and related disorders were present in 6-9.7% of trans people (compared to 5-7% in the general population). Fifteen of the 20 cases were trans people assigned female at birth. Ten of the 20 cases developed FND prior to their social gender affirmation, and seven of those ten's symptoms resolved with gender affirmation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Trans people were more likely to develop FND, and somatic symptom and related disorders were slightly overrepresented in trans people. Gender affirmation can lead to resolution of FND symptoms. Trans people appear to make up a considerable proportion of people with FND. FND treatment services need to consider how they provide trans affirming services.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2753-2765"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring experiences of metoidioplasty: A qualitative study.","authors":"Henriette Pisani Sundhagen, Anne Wæhre, Kim Alexander Tønseth, Lena Fauske","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2536500","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2536500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background</i>:</b> Genital gender-affirming surgery is often considered an important step in the gender transition process. However, there is currently limited information available about the full surgical trajectory of trans men who choose to undergo metoidioplasty. <b><i>Aim</i>:</b> This qualitative interview study explored the multifaceted experiences of transmasculine individuals who undergo metoidioplasty. <b><i>Method</i>:</b> We conducted in-depth, semi-structured individual interviews with 15 participants who had previously undergone metoidioplasty at the national center in Norway. The interviews covered topics such as the participants' motivations prior to surgery, their experiences throughout the surgical process and the impact on their daily life. The interview data were analyzed <i>via</i> thematic analysis using the framework of van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology, with the aim being to understand how individuals make sense of their lived experiences. <b><i>Results</i>:</b> Three subthemes were developed during the analysis-namely, metoidioplasty as an important step toward affirming masculinity, the process of adjusting to the surgical outcome and the impact of the procedure on daily life. <b><i>Clinical implications</i>:</b> The findings of this study provide valuable insights for health professionals and patients concerning shared decision-making before undergoing genital gender affirming surgery in regard to expectations and outcome. <b><i>Conclusion</i>:</b> This study shows that metoidioplasty represents more than a physical change; rather, it is a significant step toward affirming one's masculinity and integrating one's gender identity. The subsequent transition into everyday life involves adjusting to the bodily outcomes of the procedure and navigating psychosocial challenges. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive follow-up care that supports both the physical and psychosocial dimensions of this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2413-2427"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-Affirming Chest Surgery in Adults with Extreme BMI: A Multi-Center Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Paige N Hackenberger, Alisha L Nguyen, Rebecca Arteaga, Cole V Roblee, Maya Younoszai, Erin Sullivan, Iulianna C Taritsa, Christine D Pham, Danielle J Eble, Russell E Ettinger, Sumanas W Jordan, Shane D Morrison","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527825","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) patients face multifactorial barriers to accessing medically-necessary interventions, including gender-affirming chest surgery (GACS). Surgeons may exacerbate this inequity by imposing preoperative body mass index (BMI) requirements on their patients. Recent studies present conflicting evidence regarding the association between BMI and postoperative complications following GACS; however, no studies have assessed these outcomes in cases of extremely high BMI (>40 kg/m²).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Assigned female at birth patients ≥ 18 years old undergoing GACS at three institutions were reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed descriptively between patients with BMI ≤40 and >40 kg/m². A multivariable logistic model was used to determine the effect of BMI on complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>647 patients were included, of these, 82 (12.7%) had BMI >40 kg/m². Among patients with BMI >40 kg/m², 21.9% had at least one complication. A significant association was observed between BMI and overall complications (p=0.0026). Adjusted analyses suggested that patients with BMI >40 kg/m2 were 2.34 times more likely to experience at least one complication (95% CI 1.153, 4.733). Overall complications, incisional dehiscence, and major complications (requiring unplanned readmission and/or reoperation) were significantly higher in patients with BMI >40 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This multi-institutional retrospective review demonstrates a higher frequency of adverse outcomes in patients with BMI >40 kg/m². GACS can be performed safely in patients with extreme BMI, however appropriate informed consent is necessary. These data will facilitate evidence-based counseling on the risks and benefits of GACS in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of anti-androgens on body composition in transgender people: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Lachlan M Angus, Shalem Y Leemaqz, James C G Doery, Ada S Cheung","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2531421","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2531421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transgender people desiring feminization commonly use cyproterone acetate or spironolactone, but the optimal anti-androgen to achieve feminization of body composition is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the effect of anti-androgens on body composition. We hypothesized cyproterone acetate would result in a greater increase in body fat than spironolactone due to greater suppression of serum testosterone concentration and more potent androgen receptor antagonism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of transgender people aged 18+ years newly commencing estradiol and randomized to spironolactone 100 mg daily or cyproterone acetate 12.5 mg daily for six months. Pre-specified secondary outcomes including waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio and whole body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three people were included in intention-to-treat analysis (cyproterone acetate <i>n</i> = 32, spironolactone <i>n</i> = 31). Overall, hip circumference increased but there was no change in waist circumference or waist/hip ratio. On whole body DXA, total body fat, percentage body fat, gynoid fat and android fat increased and trunk/limb fat ratio, android/gynoid fat ratio, total lean mass and appendicular lean mass decreased. No changes in visceral adipose tissue. Cyproterone acetate was associated with a greater increase in percentage total body fat (+1.98%, 0.34 to 3.63, <i>p</i> = 0.02), gynoid fat (+2.51%, 0.69 to 4.34, p = <0.01) and android fat (+2.63%, 0.40 to 4.85, <i>p</i> = 0.02) than spironolactone. Serum estradiol concentration was higher in the cyproterone acetate group (mean difference +228.38 pmol/L, 62.54 to 394.31, <i>p</i> < 0.01) but adjusted modeling remained statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Feminization of body composition was evident following six months of hormone therapy. Cyproterone acetate caused a greater increase in percentage total body fat, gynoid fat and android fat compared to spironolactone. Given the change in the android/gynoid fat ratio was similar, and that the waist/hip ratio did not change over time, it is unclear whether cyproterone acetate offers an advantage to spironolactone.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2384-2395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It feels like a lightness, and it feels… happy\": Qualitative exploration of transgender and non-binary adults' understanding of gender euphoria, gender dysphoria, and sexual wellbeing.","authors":"Daniel A Griffiths, Fraedan Mastrantonio, Dennis Golm, Heather L Armstrong","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2530538","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2530538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Considerable research with transgender individuals has centered on gender dysphoria, neglecting the diverse range of transgender experiences and minimizing the importance of opportunities for positive self-identification. However, an emerging body of literature challenges this pathologizing perspective by exploring the concept of gender euphoria, which highlights the affirmative dimensions of transgender experiences and disputes the idea that transgender identities are exclusively defined by hardship and distress. Consequently, this study sought to address the following questions: 1) How do transgender people conceptualize and define gender euphoria as opposed to gender dysphoria?, 2) What are transgender individuals' experiences with gender euphoria as opposed to gender dysphoria during sexual encounters?, and 3) What additional factors do transgender individuals report as being beneficial or detrimental for their overall sexual wellbeing?</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Drawing from 24 interviews with transgender and non-binary participants and using reflexive thematic analysis, five themes were generated: definitions of gender dysphoria and gender euphoria; cissexist norms and LGBTQ+ community norms; relationship characteristics and sexual wellbeing; embodied gender dysphoria, gender euphoria, and changes through transition; and sexual behaviors.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings provide insights into gender euphoria among transgender individuals and practical implications for researchers and practitioners. Understanding gender euphoria's impact on sexual experiences may help enhance the sexual health and overall wellbeing of transgender individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2363-2383"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Syndemic Profiles Impacting Optimal ART Adherence among Trans Women Living with HIV in Mumbai and New Delhi, India: A Latent Class Analysis.","authors":"William Lodge, Shruta Rawat, Alpana Dange, Jatin Chaudary, Madina Agénor, Vivek R Anand, Don Operario, Matthew J Mimiaga, Katie B Biello","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527828","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is essential for maintaining viral suppression and reducing HIV transmission risk. However, data on adherence rates among trans women living with HIV in India are scarce, hindering effective intervention efforts. Understanding multilevel syndemic factors, including harmful drinking, depressive symptoms, HIV, and trans women-related stigma, and access to gender-affirmative care, is crucial for improving HIV treatment outcomes in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Trans women living with HIV (N=150) in Mumbai and New Delhi, India, completed a one-time self-reported assessment of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors and ART adherence and provided recent viral load test results in the ART booklet. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified multilevel syndemic classes. Then, in logistic regression models, we assessed the relationship between syndemic classes and optimal ART adherence (defined as 90% or higher adherence as prescribed).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optimal ART adherence (defined as 90% or higher adherence to prescribed doses) was reported by 63% of participants. Among those with suboptimal adherence (n=93), common barriers included lack of medication while traveling, forgetting, and alcohol use. The LCA identified two syndemic classes: Class 1, characterized by unidimensional stigma and moderate multilevel syndemic barriers, and Class 2, characterized by intersectional stigma and high multilevel syndemic barriers. In the bivariate analysis, participants in Class 2 had significantly lower odds of optimal ART adherence [OR: 0.27 (95% CI: 0.11 - 0.61), p = 0.003]. After controlling for potential confounders (i.e., city, monthly income, stable housing, and history of sex work), participants in Class 2 still had significantly lower odds of optimal ART adherence [aOR: 0.26 (95% CI: 0.09 - 0.64), p = 0.009].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight substantial disparities in ART adherence among trans women living with HIV in India, driven by intersectional stigma and multilevel syndemic barriers. Addressing these factors, particularly HIV and trans women-related stigma, is critical for improving ART adherence and HIV treatment outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid systematic literature review of endometriosis in transgender, gender diverse and non-binary individuals: Barriers, treatment, and lived experiences.","authors":"Mahaila Day, Daniel Brown, Annette Brömdal, Leah East, Amy B Mullens, Brianna Larsen","doi":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527829","DOIUrl":"10.1080/26895269.2025.2527829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is anticipated that endometriosis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting around 10% of people assigned female at birth (AFAB), is significantly underreported within transgender, gender diverse, and non-binary (TGDN) people due to specific barriers this population experiences in gaining access to supportive, gender-affirming healthcare. This rapid systematic literature review (RSLR) aims to explore existing research on the management, treatment, and lived experiences of endometriosis and associated pelvic pain among TGDN individuals AFAB, to ultimately inform enhanced future healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines, multiple databases were searched with a search strategy developed using Boolean operators. Studies were assessed against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria, with included studies published in English, with no date/geographical limitations applied and relevant to the research question. Drawing upon Braun and Clarke, collected data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies were identified, with findings highlighting significant healthcare barriers for TGDN people AFAB with endometriosis, including delayed diagnosis, limited provider knowledge, and gender dysphoria linked to gynecological care. Studies highlighted a lack of awareness among healthcare providers, contributing to inadequate support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This RSLR provides timely insights into current treatment approaches, barriers to care, and potential strategies to improve gender-affirming and holistic healthcare for TGDN people AFAB experiencing endometriosis and related pelvic pain. Addressing systemic barriers through further research and future interventions may inform improved diagnosis, treatment, and access to care, creating a more supportive and gender-affirming healthcare environment for this underserved population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Transgender Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"2766-2781"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}