Hung-Gay Fung , Tongxia Li , Chun Lu , Min-Ming Wen
{"title":"The inevitable disclosure doctrine: A facade or a curse in the CEO labor market","authors":"Hung-Gay Fung , Tongxia Li , Chun Lu , Min-Ming Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our study examines how the adoption of the inevitable disclosure doctrine (IDD) across US state courts affects the relationship between leverage and CEO compensation. We find that the IDD adoption significantly attenuates the typically positive association between leverage and CEO pay. This effect is more pronounced for CEOs with higher ex-ante mobility, greater career concerns, weaker organizational influence, and higher firm-specific skills. Rejecting the IDD, on the other hand, amplifies the positive relationship between leverage and CEO pay. Our findings underscore the influence of labor market dynamics on CEO compensation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Money Market Funds vulnerabilities and systemic liquidity crises","authors":"Michel Baes , Antoine Bouveret , Eric Schaanning","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite regulatory reforms, Money Market Funds (MMFs) experienced severe stress in March 2020, following large redemptions and dislocations in short-term markets. We provide a model showing the trade-offs between liquidity and capital preservation services offered by MMFs. We show that in a crisis, MMFs cannot provide liquidity and capital preservation to investors at the same time. As a result, investors have an incentive to run pre-emptively. We calibrate our model on data from USD MMFs and find that most funds would have been unable to meet redemptions above 30% mid-March 2020. Unless short-term funding markets are made resilient in times of stress, MMFs will face similar challenges during future liquidity crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The up side of being down: Depression and crowdsourced forecasts","authors":"Sima Jannati , Sarah Khalaf , Du Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the role of non-severe depression as a psychological anchor against overoptimism. Using earnings forecasts from Estimize, we find that an increase in the proportion of the U.S. population with depression is associated with improved forecast accuracy among users. This effect is concentrated among forecasts that are optimistic and analysts who take longer time to issue forecasts, highlighting reduced optimism and slow information processing as economic mechanisms that explain our results. We also show that this effect is distinct from the influence of temporary seasonal depression or other sentiment measures on decision-making. Overall, our research establishes a link between depression and crowdsourced financial evaluations</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Imes , Kose John , Kyeong Hun Lee , Amir Shoham , Emma Xu
{"title":"Board gender diversity and equity-based compensation","authors":"Matthew Imes , Kose John , Kyeong Hun Lee , Amir Shoham , Emma Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the impact of board gender diversity on equity-based compensation in executive pay. We show that the presence of female directors is associated with lower equity-based compensation in executive pay—particularly when female directors serve on compensation committees or when boards are dominated by insiders. Our findings support the view that female directors serve as effective monitors, potentially substituting for other corporate governance mechanisms, such as incentive-based pay and board independence. Our results are not driven by lower pay-for-performance sensitivity induced by poor stock performance. We do not find evidence consistent with risk-aversion on the part of female directors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"V-shapes","authors":"Maria Flora , Roberto Renò","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a methodology for detecting flash crashes by identifying short-term V-shaped price reversals. Our approach, based on drift burst test statistics, aligns with the SEC’s forensic definition of market access rule violations, highlighting its potential as a market surveillance tool. Flash crashes have become more frequent over the past decade and are typically accompanied by high volumes, high volatility, and an increase in odd-lot trades. They are more likely to occur following periods of high volumes, elevated price impact, low volatility, and heightened algorithmic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhibing Li , Jia Liu , Jie Liu , Xiaoyu Liu , Chonglin Wu
{"title":"Investor attention and stock price manipulation: Evidence from daily quasi-natural experiments","authors":"Zhibing Li , Jia Liu , Jie Liu , Xiaoyu Liu , Chonglin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of heightened investor attention on stock price manipulation. To establish causality, we employ daily repeated quasi-natural experiments, where investors’ attention is influenced exogenously by price rounding rather than by stocks’ fundamental information. Our findings demonstrate that stocks included in the Winner List attract significant investor attention, which leads to increased stock price manipulation. A two-stage channel analysis reveals that this increased investor attention exacerbates stock price manipulation through noise trading. Moreover, the positive relationship between investor attention and stock price manipulation is more pronounced in stocks with higher firm-specific information asymmetry, fewer rational investors, weaker external monitoring, higher costs of arbitrage, and non-shortability. Additional analyses indicate that this positive relationship intensifies during periods of heightened investor sentiment, greater economic policy uncertainty and increased geopolitical risk. Our study provides original evidence that the saliency of information exacerbates stock price manipulation and destabilizes financial markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 107528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weidong Xu , Danyu Zhu , Xin Gao , Lu Xing , Donghui Li
{"title":"The price of realized extreme climate events in the implied cost of equity capital: International evidence","authors":"Weidong Xu , Danyu Zhu , Xin Gao , Lu Xing , Donghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using an international sample of 38 countries, we find that firms located in countries experiencing greater socioeconomic damage from extreme climate events have higher implied costs of equity capital. This finding is attributed to heightened operational uncertainty, greater information asymmetry, and intensified agency conflicts that arise in the wake of extreme climate events. The relation is stronger for firms that derive substantial revenue from domestic markets, operate in climate-vulnerable industries, or are closely held by domestic institutional investors. The effect also varies across countries and is concentrated in markets characterized by low transparency or limited integration into the global financial market. While extreme climate events negatively influence firm performance and valuation, they raise corporate awareness of climate risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 107525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Central bank intervention and bank liquidity: Evidence from the paycheck protection program","authors":"Parush Arora , Derek Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the role of monetary systems when fiscal policy is implemented through the financial sector during a liquidity shock. We use loan-level transactions from the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) to understand how a bank’s decision to borrow funds from the discount window (DW) affected its lending behavior during the COVID-19 crisis. Using an instrumental variable approach, we find a causal relationship between DW access/borrowing and the number of PPP loans extended by large banks, indicating that access to DW increased the effectiveness of the PPP. Although both large and small banks accessed the DW in the absence of a long-term funding source, accessing the DW almost doubled the PPP lending for large banks, but did not have a statistically significant effect for smaller banks. However, during the period without long-term funding, the DW played an important role in relaxing liquidity constraints for large banks and increasing the overall efficiency of the PPP. Beyond PPP loans, we find that DW access led banks to increase their non-PPP lending by 70 % relative to their reserves, suggesting broader benefits to credit provision. The DW effect on PPP lending disappeared after the introduction of PPP Lending Facility as the banks substituted towards the long-term funding, however its impact on non-PPP lending remained significant in both phases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnaud T. Maître, Nikolay Pugachyov, Florian Weigert
{"title":"Social media-based attention and the cross-section of cryptocurrency returns","authors":"Arnaud T. Maître, Nikolay Pugachyov, Florian Weigert","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how investors’ abnormal attention affects the cross-section of cryptocurrency returns in the period from 2018 to 2022. We capture abnormal attention using the (log) number of Twitter posts on individual cryptocurrencies on the current day minus a 30-day average. Our results reveal that abnormal attention is positively associated with contemporaneous and one-day ahead crypto performance. Among the different Twitter tweets, return predictability arises due to <em>Ticker</em>-tweets from investors, but not due to tweets from the cryptocurrency channel. These <em>Official</em>-tweets, however, are able to forecast technological innovations on the blockchain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social connections and bank deposits","authors":"Sean Flynn , Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbankfin.2025.107506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We show that household social connections transmit shocks that influence bank deposits. We find that counties experience an increase in bank deposits when they are more socially connected to counties affected by natural disasters. This effect is not driven by physical proximity, large disasters that attract significant media coverage, or other cross-county channels, including multimarket bank branch networks, population migration, or economic connections. Banks that collect deposits in highly socially-connected counties experience high deposit volatility, but geographic diversification reduces the volatility associated with depositor social connectedness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 107506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}