{"title":"Gradual change or metamorphosis in red tourism","authors":"Xingyang Lv , Nan Jiang , Jiaojiao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Promoting the “red spirit” among adolescences through red tourism is a political and educational practice that the Chinese government implement. However, the gradual learning process in general educational contexts struggles to explain the abrupt transformative processes triggered by red tourism. Based on experiential learning theory, through two experimental studies, this study constructs a model for adolescents' internalization of red spirit using the Laval nozzle structure from fluid mechanics and validates the mechanism and effects of red spirit internalization. Taking Red flag Canal and Luding Bridge as the experimental scenario respectively, Study 1 examines the distribution characteristics of metamorphosis, internalization mechanisms, and the psychological result of internalization. Study 2 further revalidates the distribution characteristics and mechanisms of metamorphosis and examines the behavioral results of internalization. Results show that red tourism is more effective than formal education in facilitating metamorphosis among adolescents, which is not continuous but abrupt. Adolescents achieve metamorphosis through resonance and understanding during red activities, which are key mechanisms for internalization. The outcomes of internalization manifest at both psychological and behavioral levels, namely, the assimilation and practice of red spirit. This study empirically validates the mechanism of adolescents' internalization of red spirit and constructs a structural model of transformative internalization, providing practical insights for the inheritance of red spirit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104118"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jundan Jasmine Zhang , Roger Norum , René van der Wal
{"title":"Arctic science and tourism in Svalbard - two sides of the same coin?","authors":"Jundan Jasmine Zhang , Roger Norum , René van der Wal","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How independent is science from tourism? How come that they are often found alongside each other in many parts of the world, and what does this mean? We look at this in High Arctic Svalbard, a clear hotspot for science and tourism. We find that what drives both enterprises to the archipelago is the desire for exploration and experience. By presenting how science and tourism co-evolve throughout time, and how large-scale factors keep them together, we argue that science and tourism are deeply intertwined and can potentially be seen as two sides of the same coin. We therefore call for recognition of their interdependence when working towards sustainable Arctic futures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104137"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Zhang , Jun Li , Jie Mu , Jian Xu , Hengyun Li
{"title":"Tourist expression heterogeneity in multimodal sentiment","authors":"Jing Zhang , Jun Li , Jie Mu , Jian Xu , Hengyun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multimodal sentiment analysis has captivated substantial interest in tourism and hospitality. However, extant research overlooks that travelers exhibit diverse preferences in sentiment expression across image, text, and rating modalities. To surmount the limitation, we innovatively present an indicator-based multimodal interactive fusion network. It extracts indicators from online reviews to precisely gauge heterogeneity in sentiment expression. Moreover, we formulate an indicator-based attention mechanism that dynamically assigns weights to modalities in sentiment prediction according to the relative contributions of different modalities to sentiment expression. Additionally, we explore sentiment expression differences across tourism scenarios by integrating travel type heterogeneity and destination category heterogeneity. Experimental findings show that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods, offering deeper insights into multimodal sentiment analysis in tourism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104117"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Portals and pixels: The embodied enchantment of virtual reality","authors":"Chloe Preece , Pilar Rojas-Gaviria , Laryssa Whittaker","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tourist experiences of fictional places and the role of imaginaries in mediatised travel have received significant attention. This paper examines how virtual reality stimulates imagination through agentic creativity, as users shape, interpret and co-construct virtual space and time through their bodies. Using magical realism as a lens, where the ordinary is infused with the extraordinary, we show how virtual reality transports users from domestic routines into imaginative elsewheres that both disorient and enchant. Unlike prior studies framing virtual reality as a sustainable substitute for visiting destinations, we argue that it expands what counts as tourism and what it means to travel. We conceptualise <em>virtual lieux d'imagination</em> as portals to elsewhere-ness, realised through a widened, decentred tourist gaze and fostering reflexivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104131"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inflation expectations and international travel demand","authors":"Puneet Vatsa","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This note incorporates household inflation expectations, which are central to consumption theory but overlooked in tourism economics, into models of international travel demand. Using monthly data on U.S. visitor arrivals to Canada, I find that a 1 % increase in household inflation expectations is associated with a 0.42 % rise in tourist arrivals by air. Land-based tourist arrivals also exhibit a positive association, although the evidence is weaker. No significant effects are detected for same-day travel. Gasoline prices, income, and exchange rates are statistically insignificant. The findings highlight the importance of considering inflation expectations for understanding international travel behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104116"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of user-generated images on subsequent ratings: Evidence from a quasi-experimental design","authors":"Tian-Yu Han, Zi-Han Wei, Jian-Wu Bi , Fei-Yu Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2026.104134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to examine the impact of user-generated images on subsequent ratings in the context of online travel agency platforms. Using over 700,000 TripAdvisor reviews and a multi-period difference-in-differences design, we identify causal effects. Results show user-generated images generally raise later ratings, but the effect varies by image quality. High-quality images exhibit negligible effects, suggesting the two effects may offset each other. Low-quality images exert a stronger influence, indicating that at least one of these mechanisms dominates. Under low-quality conditions, fewer images drive greater rating changes, highlighting the dominant role of expectation disconfirmation. Our findings provide valuable implications for optimizing online travel agency platform design, refining product marketing strategies, and enhancing customer satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104134"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The willingness–capability model: Reframing local participation in a tourism economy","authors":"Shize Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper rethinks local participation in tourism by introducing the Willingness–Capability model, which conceptualises participation as a dynamic interplay between individuals' desire to engage and their substantive ability to do so. Based on eleven months of ethnographic fieldwork in Houhai Village, China, the study maps diverse participation trajectories across four quadrants of the Willingness–Capability framework. It reveals how participation is shaped not only by resources or governance, but also by cultural values, identity, and structural conditions. Challenging normative and aggregate models of “community involvement”, the Willingness–Capability model offers a nuanced, diagnostic lens for understanding engagement, exclusion, and refusal within tourism economies, and for theorising participation as an evolving alignment between agency and structure under changing socio-economic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104096"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujie Zeng , Kun Zhang , Jiahong Wang , Aodong Xia , Xiaoyang Li
{"title":"Beyond five senses: Shaping memorable tourism experiences","authors":"Yujie Zeng , Kun Zhang , Jiahong Wang , Aodong Xia , Xiaoyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how sensory perception shapes memorable tourism experiences by analyzing 284,587 user-generated texts. We developed a nine-dimensional framework that incorporates interoception, proprioception, kinesthesia, and thermoception, beyond the traditional five senses, as well as a semantic analysis protocol for identifying memorable tourism experiences. The results revealed: (1) Nine senses exhibit varying magnitudes on memorable tourism experiences; (2) sensory intensity and diversity respectively demonstrate a saturation effect and inverted U-shaped influence with memorable tourism experiences; (3) visual-auditory-kinesthetic and visual-kinesthetic-thermoceptive combination significantly enhance memorable tourism experiences. This study advances the theoretical understanding of tourism experiences by quantifying extended sensory dimensions and memorable tourism experiences while providing novel empirical evidence for the relationships between nine senses and memorable tourism experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104070"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yulu He , Hanjun Wu , Kan Wai Hong Tsui , Kun Wang , Xiaowen Fu
{"title":"Impact of low-cost carrier exit on tourism revenues","authors":"Yulu He , Hanjun Wu , Kan Wai Hong Tsui , Kun Wang , Xiaowen Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.annals.2025.104071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A low-cost carrier withdrawal triggers the airline substitution effect as remaining full-service carriers raise fares, reducing tourism revenues. Meanwhile, a transport mode shift to ground transportation may boost local spending and generate additional regional tourism revenues. This study uses a unique difference-in-differences framework to assess the net impact of low-cost carrier withdrawal from New Zealand's regional markets. Findings reveal the “airline substitution effect” outweighs the “transport mode shift”, causing a net tourism revenue drop after a low-cost carrier exit. Policy implications suggest prioritising low-cost carrier retention through targeted subsidies and support to enhance regional tourism and economic growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48452,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Tourism Research","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104071"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}