Mao-Ying Wu, Yi Wang, Qiucheng Li, Xinfang Wu, Shihan (David) Ma
{"title":"The Community Social Responsibility of Rural Small Tourism Enterprises: Scale Development and Validation","authors":"Mao-Ying Wu, Yi Wang, Qiucheng Li, Xinfang Wu, Shihan (David) Ma","doi":"10.1177/00472875231204183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231204183","url":null,"abstract":"Rural small tourism enterprises (STEs) are involved in many discretionary, spontaneous, and supporting activities toward the host communities, which is labeled as community social responsibility (CoSR) in this study. This study develops and validates a scale to measure rural STEs’ CoSR. Stage 1 found four dimensions and 33 initial items through a thorough literature review and focus group discussions. In stage 2, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the dimensionality of the CoSR scale. Stage 3 used confirmatory factor analysis and supported a 22-item five-dimension scale ( promoting economic development, cultural preservation, cultural production, environmental protection, and political participation). An additional study was conducted to further assess nomological validity of the developed scale. The development of the CoSR scale provides a measurement instrument to spur additional empirical studies on CoSR. This scale also provides a useful tool for rural STE owners to measure and manage CoSR activities.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"440 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Fallout of Market-Oriented Sustainability Measures: Tourism Destination Sustainability Benchmarking and Ranking","authors":"Matias Thuen Jørgensen","doi":"10.1177/00472875231204844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231204844","url":null,"abstract":"Destination sustainability indices, designed to facilitate benchmarking, ranking, and direct competition, are increasingly employed by destinations to showcase their sustainability achievements, meet stakeholder expectations, and attract visitors. Consequently, these indices play a pivotal role in influencing how destinations strategically prioritize their sustainability initiatives. Despite the burgeoning research on sustainability measures, research on market-centric destination benchmarks and rankings remains limited. This letter aims to underscore the distinction between measures that apply a minimum standard approach, for example certifications, and those that allow for benchmarking/ranking in assessing destination sustainability. It argues that the latter holds significant potential to impact sustainable destination development. Thus, it investigates the question of what happens when destination sustainability becomes a point of competition and demonstrates that even meticulously designed indices can encourage counterproductive behaviors, potentially undermining sustainability progress at destinations. Based on this, the letter advocates for a comprehensive investigation into market-oriented sustainability indices and rankings.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aligning (In)Congruent Chatbot–Employee Empathic Responses with Service-Recovery Contexts for Customer Retention","authors":"Hua Fan, Bing Han, Wangshuai Wang","doi":"10.1177/00472875231201505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231201505","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in service recovery is transforming the frontline interfaces across the tourism industry, as AI chatbots are now being designed to show empathy. Using a multi-method approach combining survey, experimental, and field data obtained from hotel guests, this study explores the effects of chatbot–employee collaborative empathic responses on customer retention under various service-recovery contexts. It finds that congruence (vs. incongruence) and higher (vs. lower) levels of congruence in chatbot–employee empathic responses more effectively retain customers. Further, the effects of incongruence and congruence on customer retention diminish when the chatbot’s identity is disclosed but are strengthened when employees’ acceptance of a chatbot increases. Only the negative effects of empathic response incongruence correspondingly increase when chatbot efficiency and flexibility (ambidexterity) increase. These findings suggest that tourism practitioners can rely on chatbot–employee collaboration to accomplish service-recovery tasks but should pay attention to chatbot-side and employee-side uncertainties in a service triad, especially chatbot ambidexterity.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unlocking Uniqueness: Analyzing Online Reviews of <i>Airbnb Experiences</i> Using BERT-based Models","authors":"Huaxi Zhang, Ruihong Liu, Roman Egger","doi":"10.1177/00472875231197381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231197381","url":null,"abstract":"As the tourism industry navigates post-pandemic recovery, understanding customer perceptions of uniqueness in tourism experiences is critical. It enables businesses to tailor offerings that stand out and attract travelers seeking novel and distinct experiences after a period of limited travel opportunities. The current study bridges this knowledge gap by employing the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model to analyze online reviews of Airbnb Experiences. BERT, a tool for contextual and sentiment analysis, aids us in identifying and categorizing experiences that contribute to value creation for tourists. We propose four dimensions of uniqueness, grounded in the service-dominant (S-D) logic framework. Our research enriches academic discourse surrounding the role of uniqueness in value creation and provides organizations with strategic insights into enhancing the distinctiveness of their offerings.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can I do My Job in Peace? Hotel Employees’ Wellbeing in the Face of Sexual Harassment Awareness and Organizational Commitment","authors":"Ade Oriade, Adesola Osinaike, Adenike D. Adebayo","doi":"10.1177/00472875231202178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231202178","url":null,"abstract":"Workplace sexual harassment, particularly in hospitality, is a significant issue with many implications. For decades, assessing its scope and impact has drawn the attention of scholars, but some gaps still exist. Based on Rational Choice Theory, this paper explored employee conformance behavior to sexual harassment in relation to organization strategic commitment and employee wellbeing in the global south context. A total of 712 completed questionnaires were collected from Nigeria and Ghana. WarpPLS version 8.0 partial least squares structural equation structural modeling was employed to assess the research model. Results revealed that hotel workers’ behaviors toward awareness and management of sexual harassment are nonlinear and complex. Conformance behavior, despite conceived by employees as an economic coping strategy, proved to be a temporary measure and is disadvantageous to wellbeing. An important managerial implication of this study is the need for education about what sexual harassment is and how it impacts employees’ wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136279561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan E. Ogbuabor, Christian Agu, Ifeoma C. Mba
{"title":"Do Foreign Direct Investment Inflow and Trade Openness Influence International Tourism Demand in Africa? A Study of the Post-Global Financial Crisis Era","authors":"Jonathan E. Ogbuabor, Christian Agu, Ifeoma C. Mba","doi":"10.1177/00472875231202171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231202171","url":null,"abstract":"Following the paucity of evidence on the roles of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow and trade openness in Africa’s tourism development, particularly in the post-Global Financial Crisis era, this study examined the roles of FDI inflow and trade openness as drivers of international tourism demand in Africa. We also investigated how infrastructural development, terrorism, climatic conditions, and institutional quality influence the FDI-tourism and trade openness-tourism relationships in Africa. The system GMM modeling framework and a panel of 42 African countries were used. We find that FDI inflow has not contributed significantly to the growth of tourism demand in Africa. However, infrastructure and climatic conditions on the continent have the potential to positively influence the FDI-tourism relationship, while terrorism hampers it. We also find that trade openness impacts positively on international tourism demand in Africa, but this impact is mainly insignificant. The study made some policy recommendations based on these findings.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Tourist Experience to Satisfaction and Loyalty: Exploring the Role of a Sense of Well-Being","authors":"Fatemeh Bagheri, Manuela Guerreiro, Patrícia Pinto, Zahed Ghaderi","doi":"10.1177/00472875231201509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231201509","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on the authentic happiness theory, the aims of this article are three-fold: first, to propose a refined measurement scale for tourists’ sense of well-being; second, to investigate the impact of four categories of tourist experience on tourists’ sense of well-being; and third, to explore the effect of the sense of well-being on tourists’ satisfaction and loyalty. Data were collected from tourists spending their holidays in the Algarve, Portugal. To address the lack of an integrated measurement scale for assessing tourists’ sense of well-being, an exploratory factor analysis was initially conducted. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in WarpPLS 8.0. The findings reveal a three-dimensional scale for tourists’ sense of well-being, consisting of meaningfulness, active pleasure, and release. The results also show a significant positive impact of the four realms of tourists’ experiences on the sense of well-being. Finally, positive relationships between well-being, tourist satisfaction and loyalty are confirmed. The theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and potential directions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen W. Litvin, Daniel Guttentag, Wayne W. Smith, Robert E. Pitts
{"title":"Revisiting and Extending: “Who Should You Market to in a Crisis? Examining Plog’s Model During the COVID-19 Pandemic”","authors":"Stephen W. Litvin, Daniel Guttentag, Wayne W. Smith, Robert E. Pitts","doi":"10.1177/00472875231199233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231199233","url":null,"abstract":"This Letter updates and expands a study conducted during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. That study confirmed the applicability of Plog’s model of Allocentricity and Psychocentricity within the context of the pandemic, as Allocentrics were found to be much more open to travel during the first 4 months of the pandemic, as the theory would predict. The current research, employing the identical survey instrument and research method, extended the data collection for an additional year as the pandemic evolved. This has allowed a far more extensive examination that confirmed and expanded the earlier findings, providing significant value to both academics and practitioners while again affirming the value of Plog’s model for destination marketers during a period of crisis.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Animosity, Social Return, and Intent to Travel: Social Return’s Dissipating Influence Over Animosity","authors":"B. Bynum Boley, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Evan Jordan","doi":"10.1177/00472875231199638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231199638","url":null,"abstract":"While many have noted how country-level animosity negatively influences destination choice, little is known about factors that may dissipate animosity’s pervasive influence over destination choice. This paper uses Cognitive Dissonance Theory as the theoretical backing to investigate how social return, a consonant cognition focused on the anticipated positive responses from posting travel photos on social media, mediates the negative influence of animosity, a dissonant cognition, has on intent to travel. One thousand six hundred fifty-three respondents from the United States’ top five international markets (Canada, China, Japan, Mexico, and the U.K.) were surveyed with results showing social return partially mediating the relationship between animosity and intent to travel. These findings suggest target markets with high levels of animosity should not be entirely abandoned because there are psychological mechanisms to help dissipate or alleviate the negative effects of animosity.","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When Essence is Lost: The Consequences of Commercialization in Historical Towns","authors":"Jiaying Lyu, Yi Huang, Lili Wang","doi":"10.1177/00472875231200494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231200494","url":null,"abstract":"With the progress of tourism commercialization, historical towns are becoming more accessible and vulnerable than ever before. Drawing on psychological essentialism theory, in this research, a theoretical framework for understanding the consequences of commercialization is developed and tested. Through one field survey and three experimental studies, we reveal that commercialization has a negative effect on tourist preference (attitude and visit intention) for historical towns and that this negative effect is mediated by perceived essence loss. Furthermore, our moderating analysis reveals that the detrimental effect of commercialization can vary by development mechanism (e.g., exogenous mode or endogenous mode) and individual characteristics (e.g., nostalgia-proneness).","PeriodicalId":48435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Travel Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134957823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}