Children and Youth Services Review最新文献

{"title":"Internship: Breaking the vicious unemployment cycle for vulnerable youth","authors":"Chi Kin Kwan ,&nbsp;Michelle Hei Yan Shum ,&nbsp;Ting Ting Chu ,&nbsp;Nabi Kate San Ling Ng","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vulnerable youth are often trapped in the vicious circle of “no experience, no job; no job, no experience.” Internship programs may help them overcome this cycle through offering work experience. A BEAM model is proposed. It includes four essential attributes for enhancing employability, which most vulnerable youth often lack. This study examined a one-year internship program for vulnerable youth. The youth rated their work abilities, increasing from an average of 5.2 out of 10 before joining the program to 7.3 out of 10 after participating. Focus group sessions were also conducted in two rounds with the vulnerable youth (N:18), along with their mentors (N:14) who work with them, and case managers (N:10) who offered guidance. Results show that this approach is promising and it is worth offering targeted internship training opportunities for this group of young people in order to prepare them for entry into the labor market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors mediating the intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms: A Hong Kong study","authors":"Julia W.K. Lo ,&nbsp;Joyce L.C. Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Though parental depression has been linked to children’s depressive symptoms, that association’s underlying mechanisms remain unclear in Chinese families, as does the influence of the quality of parent–child relationships and family resources (i.e., family income and family psychological capital) on the familial transmission of depression.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In our short-term longitudinal study conducted in Hong Kong, 110 children (mean age = 11.2 years) and their biological parents (mean age = 43.4) diagnosed with depression completed self-report questionnaires about their demographics, depressive symptoms, parent–child relationship quality, and family resources at two times spaced 9 months apart. We tested parent–child relationship quality as a potential mediator between parental depression and children’s depressive symptoms, as well as family income and family psychological capital as a potential mediator between parental depression and parent–child relationship quality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Parental depression predicted depressive symptoms in children. Parent–child relationship quality was negatively correlated with children’s and parents’ depressive symptoms, whereas family income and family psychological capital were negatively correlated with parental depressive symptoms but positively correlated with parent–child relationship quality. Path modeling analysis revealed that parent–child relationship quality fully mediated the effects of parental depression on children’s development of depressive symptoms. However, that mediating effect disappeared when family income or family psychological capital was included in the model. Thus, family resources (i.e., family income and family psychological capital) and parent–child relationship quality sequentially mediated the effect of parental depression on children’s depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results highlight that family resources and parent–child relationship quality buffer children of depressed parents from developing depressive symptoms in Chinese contexts. Family-based intervention should be provided to families with depressed parents to enhance parent–child relationships and family resources in order to reduce children’s risk of developing depressive symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108080"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving educational outcomes for youth in foster care: An evaluation of UGrad Academy","authors":"Amanda Purington Drake,&nbsp;Victoria L. Baum,&nbsp;Brian Maley,&nbsp;Margaret A. Shideler","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Youth involved in foster care often lack the social support and networks needed to help them overcome educational challenges and are less likely to graduate from high school. Interventions that provide direct and indirect academic support while fostering a supportive relationship with a trusted adult show promise for improving educational attainment. UGrad Academy is a holistic case management program for students in foster care, designed to help youth navigate school, college, and early career. This mixed-methods study examines the effectiveness of UGrad on educational outcomes for high school students in foster care through a quasi-experimental outcome evaluation study and explores the components of the program associated with positive outcomes as identified by program participants and staff through qualitative interviews. The results of the outcome study demonstrate significant program effects. UGrad participants 1) are more likely than their non-participant peers to graduate from high school or advance to the next grade level, 2) had less than half the school absences of their peers, and 3) had significantly higher year-end core subject grades compared to youth involved in foster care not in the program. Qualitative results indicate program consistency with flexibility and the caring, trusting relationships between program participants and staff are key program elements. Overall, this evaluation demonstrates that UGrad has a significant, positive effect on key academic outcomes of high school students in foster care and identifies the support structure and participant-staff relationship as essential to program success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of intervention programs for school attendance problems","authors":"María Pérez-Marco,&nbsp;Carolina Gonzálvez,&nbsp;Andrea Fuster,&nbsp;María Vicent","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>School attendance problems (SAPs) refer to a construct that encompasses different manifestations of negative behaviours or persistent difficulties of a student to attend or stay in school for various reasons (anxiety, rejection, fear, etc.). Due to the worldwide concern about the negative repercussions of non-attendance, a deeper understanding of its intervention is essential. For this reason, this study aims to offer a systematic review of the programs designed to reduce or eradicate SAPs in child and adolescent population, differentiating between two main types according to the causal origin of the attendance problem: school refusal or truancy. For this purpose, a systematic process of search was carried out in the databases Web Of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Psicodoc with a common search strategy. According to 5 inclusion criteria, the data extracted from each study were analyzed based on 3 levels of effectiveness and the Cochrane’s risk bias tool. Seventy-eight programs aimed at intervening in SAPs in 6–18-year-old population were reviewed. Twenty-nine of the studies showed one of the established levels of effectiveness for the reduction of School Refusal or Truancy, which had similar characteristics in the application of the intervention program. Consequently, the strengths and weaknesses of these programs are discussed in order to provide a source of reference for staff responsible for improving school attendance. This work will contribute to clarifying which types of interventions are the most effective in dealing with SAPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Envisioning the future of youth justice: A focus group study with youth, family, frontline staff, and subject experts","authors":"Julia Lesnick ,&nbsp;Laura S. Abrams ,&nbsp;Kassandra Angel ,&nbsp;Elizabeth S. Barnert","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite a wave of recent progressive reforms to the US juvenile legal system (JLS), ongoing concerns about punitive, inequitable, and developmentally inappropriate aspects of these systems persist, and the path forward is highly contested. Drawing on the concept of claim-making from scholarship on contentious politics, this study compared a diverse group of actors’ priorities for the future of youth justice. A series of 9 focus groups were conducted with 92 participants from multiple regions of the United States, including 1) frontline JLS staff, 2) system-impacted youth and their families, and 3) JLS professionals/subject experts. The analysis produced one overarching theme: youth justice systems should build a pathway for youth success where the larger community ensures youth can access resources to thrive. Under this overarching theme, five sub-themes describe participants’ claims about how to enact this goal: “challenge criminalization of youth,” “strengthen the surrounding environment,” “humanize youth,” “teach accountability,” and “implement intentional staffing.” Two sub-themes were contentious in the subject expert/professional groups (challenge criminalization, strengthen surrounding environment) and two varied in salience between groups (challenge criminalization, implement intentional staffing). Results point towards a shared vision of the larger community creating a youth justice system that guides youth towards long-term success, and to some tensions and diverging priorities about specific elements of system change. Findings can inform directions for coalition building, dialogue, and continued research on institutional change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study of adaptation challenges of Ukrainian refugees in the United States","authors":"S. Childress ,&nbsp;N. Shrestha ,&nbsp;S. Russ ,&nbsp;J. Berge ,&nbsp;K. Roy ,&nbsp;A. Lewin ,&nbsp;N. Perez-Brena ,&nbsp;M. Feinberg ,&nbsp;N. Halfon","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines adaptation challenges faced by Ukrainian refugees living in the United States (U.S.), with a focus on families with children. Since 2022, an estimated 6.8 million Ukrainian refugees have left the country, including at least 221,000 to the U.S. This population has experienced trauma and displacement and now faces new challenges of adaptation and acculturation in the U.S. after resettlement. The research team conducted in-depth interviews with 32 Ukrainian refugees and generated themes from the responses using qualitative grounded theory research methods. Findings indicated Ukrainian refugees in the U.S. are struggling with multiple adaptation challenges which group into five themes: 1) coping with the stressors of displacement, family separation, and pre-migration trauma, 2) maintaining mental health and well-being while adapting, 3) navigating the language barrier, 4) coping with gender-role conflicts related to employment status, and 5) acculturating to everyday life with U.S. institutions of education, health, transportation, and social assistance. Implications for practitioners and policymakers include clarifying future visa status for Ukrainian refugees, making English language classes and automatic translation technology easily accessible, supporting intra-community and remote mental health services, and developing economic and social packages to help this population adapt and acculturate resiliently into U.S. society. The findings are also informative for the comparative understanding of adaptation pathways of different groups of refugees and are relevant for perspectives on life course development under conditions of acculturation, trauma, and displacement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant placements in foster care and labor market attachment: A national cohort study","authors":"Hilma Forsman,&nbsp;Lars Brännström","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infant placement in foster care is a critical intervention, yet its long-term outcomes are largely unknown. This study examines the association between infant placement and poor labor market attachment into early midlife. Using longitudinal data from over 620,000 Swedes born 1975–1981, including 0.2% placed in care during infancy, outcomes are compared with the general population and those placed at older ages. Results from sex-stratified hurdle regression models show that infants in care face higher risks of experiencing any year with poor labor market status compared to the general population, though with lower risks than older care groups. Among those with any occurrence, the infant group exhibits higher rates of years with poor labor market status compared to the general population. Women in the infant group had significantly lower rates than those placed at older ages, while men in the infant group had higher rates than other young care groups. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the protective factors Survey, military families (PFS-MF)","authors":"Jessica Sprague-Jones ,&nbsp;Kimberly McKenney ,&nbsp;Casandra Firman ,&nbsp;Yve Susskind ,&nbsp;Kirstie Bash","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many family service organizations offer services targeted to the needs of families with one or both parents serving in a branch of the armed forces. To support these organizations, we adapted the Protective Factors Survey, 2nd Edition (PFS-2) to capture experiences of military family life and establish the new survey’s reliability and validity. We conducted focus groups with military family members, consulted with experts in field, and reviewed existing research to develop new items. We fielded an online survey with a convenience sample of military family members and civilian caregivers to collect data on new and existing PFS-2 items, which we analyzed for performance with military families compared to civilians, and psychometric characteristics. Our analysis confirmed that original PFS-2 items worked well for military families, and there was not a significant difference between how military and non-military respondents responded to these items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a 5-factor structure, representing protective factor constructs of nurturing and attachment, social support, concrete support, military family life and resilience, and a fifth construct related to program evaluation. The Protective Factors Survey, Military Families (PFS-MF) possesses sound psychometric properties measuring protective factors which support family resilience and reduce the probability of child maltreatment. The PFS-MF fills a gap as a short, free, flexible survey that measures multiple protective factors as they relate to the military experience. It can be used as an evaluation tool to measure program effectiveness, inform needs assessments, make programmatic decisions, and tailor individual services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adversity in adolescence: Modeling risk for different purposes","authors":"J.J. Cutuli ,&nbsp;Janette E. Herbers ,&nbsp;Dan Treglia ,&nbsp;Claire Flatley ,&nbsp;Danielle R. Hatchimonji","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policymakers and practitioners are increasingly leveraging research on the links between adversity and wellbeing in childhood and adolescence. However, conceptualizations and analytical approaches focused on these connections vary across disciplines, with implications for empirical results, interpretation of findings, and how those findings guide policy and practice. This article demonstrates the importance of researchers matching study aims to analytic approach when modeling relations between adversity and problems signifying poor outcomes. We modeled the Philadelphia 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey using three approaches to estimate relations among indicators of adversity and problems along with demographic factors in adolescence (N = 1,217). The analytic approaches involved two variable-centered approaches (cumulative risk score and individual main-effects modeling) and one person-centered (latent class analysis) approach. Findings across the three approaches varied in specificity, strength of causal inference, and interpretation. Results demonstrate the importance of congruity between analytical approaches, research questions and study conceptualization to ensure that empirical findings are accurately interpreted and translated into policy and practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic abuse, primary care and child mental health services: A systems analysis of service coordination from professionals’ perspectives","authors":"Claire Powell ,&nbsp;Olumide Adisa ,&nbsp;Lauren Herlitz ,&nbsp;Shivi Bains ,&nbsp;Sigrún Eyrúnardóttir Clark ,&nbsp;Jessica Deighton ,&nbsp;Shabeer Syed ,&nbsp;Ruth Gilbert ,&nbsp;Gene Feder ,&nbsp;Emma Howarth","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We explored how services work together to support parents and children experiencing both parental intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental or child mental health problems by drawing on the perspectives of professionals working in primary care, children and young people’s mental health services (CYPMHS), and domestic abuse services.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a qualitative study, interviewing 38 professionals in three geographically contrasting local authority areas in England. We carried out framework analysis using a systems approach and mapping techniques to understand the service interrelationships and boundary judgements of professionals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The relationships between domestic abuse services, CYPMHS, and primary care were complex, involving funders and commissioners, local authority strategic groups, and wider services such as schools and children’s centres. Participants consistently identified a gap in the relationship between statutory CYPMHS and domestic abuse services. Other service gaps were for children living with ongoing or intermittent IPV and for children and parents with needs falling below or between service thresholds. There was a gap in support services for users of abusive behaviour to prevent future IPV. An overview of staff perspectives revealed differing views on treating the effects of trauma, and the co-ordination and sequencing of care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Improving the response to children and adults experiencing mental health problems in the wake of IPV requires a systems perspective to understand the barriers to service co-ordination. Our findings indicate a particular need to address the gap between CYPMHS and domestic abuse services. Current ways of working with adults could be adapted for children, in addition to learning from examples of best practice in the study sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}