Children and Youth Services Review最新文献

{"title":"Identification of parental substance misuse by children’s social care departments in England","authors":"Helen Baldwin","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental substance misuse (PSM) is known to be associated with impaired physical, psychological, and social development in children. It is therefore critical that children’s social workers can effectively identify PSM and intervene to protect children when necessary. Evidence on the identification of PSM in social work practice is currently limited. This paper presents new data on the incidence and nature of PSM identified by children’s social care services, on case characteristics associated with identified PSM, and on challenges faced by practitioners in identifying PSM.</div><div>A mixed-methods design was used, combining case file analysis and interviews with practitioners. Social work cases files (n = 400) were analysed with respect to children who had become the subject of child protection enquiries. Cases were drawn from four local authorities in England. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 20 practitioners recruited from the same four sites.</div><div>Of the 400 cases examined, PSM had been identified in 129 (32 %). PSM was associated with younger child age, White child ethnicity, parental mental illness, domestic violence, indicators of socio-economic disadvantage, certain forms of child maltreatment, and prior involvement with children’s social care. Practitioners reported difficulties in identifying PSM, mainly due to parental denial and time constraints. Furthermore, knowledge of substance misuse issues among children’s social workers was variable, and communication between them and substance misuse workers was sometimes lacking. Aspects of training and practice in this area require strengthening in order to increase the detection of PSM by children’s social care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 108123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing the high personal costs and rewards in providing foster care: Experiences of non-related foster carers in Australia","authors":"Zoe Haysom ,&nbsp;Aron Shlonsky ,&nbsp;Bridget Hamilton","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foster care is the preferred care option in nations such as Australia for children who cannot safely reside with their parents or within their family or community networks. Concerningly, all Western jurisdictions face chronic foster carer shortages and challenges in providing stable placements.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study explores why foster carers are motivated to care and how they experience their caring role with the intention of understanding how these experiences impact placement and carer recruitment and retention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Foster carers (N = 16) were interviewed in-depth regarding their expectations and experiences of foster caring and their narratives were analysed thematically, using interpretative content analysis.</div><div>Results revealed consistent themes of foster carers motivations around altruism and desires for family however foster carers also experienced contradictory expectations from the State, significant personal costs arising from lack of voice, disrespect from paid professionals and fear the child in their care may be suddenly removed. These findings suggest commitment to foster carer are requires balancing substantial risks and rewards.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The analysis provides an alternative narrative for understanding foster carer recruitment, retention, and placement stability and invites renewed consideration of foster care in terms of parenting and professionalism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 108168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflection on data right protection for minors in the digital age","authors":"Jialin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The data right protection for minors covers six areas: family, school, society, government, network, and administration of justice. From the perspective of its objectives, the protection includes activities that prevent the data rights of minors from being infringed or relieve the infringement that has resulted. China’s existing data right protection for minors fails to provide an equal level of privacy information protection for the population of all minors, with a tendency of emphasizing prevention over relief and a hazard of alienation of power. Through comparison of relevant laws of China with those of the US and EU countries, a comparative study is conducted to examine the differences between relevant legislations across different legal areas. It is suggested that the scope of protection of minors’ sensitive information be expanded by legislation, that enterprise entities collecting and processing minors’ data be screened and strictly examined on their qualifications, and that the compliance responsibility of data operators be emphasized. Joint protection for minors’ data right should be required from multiple subjects including the state, families, and enterprises. The post-relief approach against data right infringement should be stipulated. The design philosophy of age-appropriate privacy protection can be introduced. To sum up, China should place importance on the processing of sensitive information for minors across different age groups. Meanwhile, it should emphasize the unique status of minors within the data right protection, balancing the relationship between “control” and “protection”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 108167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143239725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home sweet-and-sour home: Changes experienced by girls in a gender-sensitive and trauma-informed authoritative out-of-home placement","authors":"Gila Amitay ,&nbsp;Tomer Einat ,&nbsp;Olga Vishnikov","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This mixed-methods study examines the objective and subjective behavioral and emotional changes experienced by adolescent girls participating in gender-sensitive and trauma-informed care in a court-order out-of-home care setting. It does so based on surveys on behavioral, cognitive, and emotional aspects of their experience and relationships and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The qualitative findings point to positive changes experienced in the girls’ behavioral and academic functioning, their mental condition, and the relationships among them, between them and the facility staff, and between them and their parents. Conversely, the quantitative findings point to a relationship between the duration of stay at the facility and increased problem behaviors, reduced family support, and reduced happiness. The discussion addresses the gap between the qualitative and quantitative findings, as well as the theoretical and practical implications of the findings. Based on the literature and the current findings, we conclude that gender-sensitive and trauma-informed care provides girls with a safe space to reflect on their life circumstances and experiences. This can contribute to a sense of personal progress in a protected space, but on the other hand, to additional emotional and behavioral difficulties due to the preoccupation with traumatic contents both past and present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The aspirations and achievement motivation among care leavers: An exploration through life course perspective","authors":"Madhu Kumari ,&nbsp;Subhasis Bhadra ,&nbsp;M.M. Rajeev","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upon reaching the age of 18, individuals who have resided in Child Care Institutions are required to leave the nurturing and protective environment of the institutional care, thus becoming known as ‘care leavers.’ This study employed a qualitative approach to explore the aspirations and motivation for achievement among care leavers and their competencies to realize their aspirations. The research involved 15 young care leavers residing in Kota, Jaipur, Udaipur, Bundi, and Dungarpur of Rajasthan, India, who had been in institutional care as children in need of care and protection and transitioned into independent living at the age of 18. Interviews were conducted at their residences or places of employment. The collected data was analysed using thematic analysis to identify and develop themes. The study examined the educational, occupational, and marriage aspirations of care leavers and the obstacles they encountered in pursuing these aspirations. Findings revealed that care leavers faced a range of competencies and challenges in their pursuit of goals, with inadequacies posing significant barriers to realizing their aspirations. Some care leavers demonstrated a notably high level of competencies compared to their inadequacies, which served as a source of motivation in their pursuit of aspirations. The successful reintegration of care leavers into society and their prospects for a promising future are significantly influenced by the quality of the environment and facilities provided within institutional care. The study suggests the need for a specialized E-portal and a helpline number to facilitate a smooth transition into society. Despite possessing the necessary competencies aligned with their aspirations, care leavers continue to face challenges in achieving success. The study advocates for collaborative efforts among care leavers, non-governmental organizations, Child Care Institutions, government entities, and society as a whole to support the realization of these aspirations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between prior suicidality, criminal behavior, and current household gun access among adolescents: Does race moderate the relationship?","authors":"Adam M. Watkins","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior empirical research has generally focused on suicidality or criminal behavior as possible correlates of household gun access among adolescents but not both, and this extant research has also not generally addressed whether race or ethnicity moderates these possible correlates even though gun ownership, violence, and suicide in the U.S. are especially defined by race. This research uses data from the first (1994 and 1995; <em>n</em> = 16,525) and second (1996; <em>n</em> = 12,016) in-home waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to test two hypotheses which conceptually assert that the effects of prior suicidality and criminal behavior on home gun access vary by race. Consistent with the existing research, the current findings indicate that prior criminal behavior is associated with home gun access, and the magnitude of this empirical association is similar for White, Black, and Hispanic adolescents. In contrast, the current findings indicate that the effect of prior suicidality is moderated by race in that a prior suicide attempt is more positively associated with home gun access among Black relative to White adolescents, an empirical finding that commands greater attention especially given the recent rise in gun suicides among Black children and teens in the U.S. The implications of the current findings for future research and policy are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do children describe their experiences of parental imprisonment: A qualitative scoping review","authors":"Jinyi Zhang,&nbsp;Catherine Flynn","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wellbeing of children with imprisoned parents is known to be challenged by various stressors related to parental incarceration; it is imperative that these are addressed appropriately to allow children to reach their potential. This scoping review aims to specifically explore children’s experiences during the time of parental incarceration. The databases Scopus, Web of Science, PSYCINFO and Academic Search Complete were searched; 59 peered-reviewed articles presenting the narratives of 904 children and young people are reviewed. The findings indicate that these children have a range of unmet needs: for, maintaining meaningful contact with incarcerated parents, having a childhood, sharing feelings, community awareness and education, and agency. Understanding and valuing children’s lived experience of parental incarceration help to make more appropriate recommendations for future research and social interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between parental phubbing and adolescents’ depression: Roles of family cohesion and resilience","authors":"Bin Yu,&nbsp;Jing Tong,&nbsp;Cheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental phubbing, which takes place during parent–child interactions, is defined as a new phenomenon wherein parents snub or neglect their children in social settings by concentrating on phone uses. Although previous research shows that parental phubbing positively predicts adolescents’ depression, the factors affecting this relationship remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the mediating role of family cohesion and the moderating role of resilience. In this study, 3337 Chinese junior and senior high school students from three cities (1589 girls; mean age = 16.21 years, SD = 1.04) completed measures on parental phubbing, family cohesion, resilience, and depression. The results showed that: parental phubbing was positively associated with depression; family cohesion partially mediated this relationship; resilience moderated the direct effect of parental phubbing on adolescents’ depression and mediating effect of family cohesion. Specifically, resilience weakened the relationship between parental phubbing and depression, and enhanced the relationships between parental phubbing and family cohesion, and between family cohesion and depression. This study clarifies the relationship between parental phubbing and depression and has implications for the prevention and intervention of depression among adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the influence of COVID-19 on Part C early intervention enrollment by state, year, and racial group","authors":"Emily K. Thomas,&nbsp;Katie L. Rowland,&nbsp;Alayna Borowy,&nbsp;Quentin Wedderburn,&nbsp;Sarah R. Edmunds","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act provides individualized early intervention (EI) services for children birth-to-three with disabilities or developmental delay. Part C is both beneficial for children and structurally embedded in each state; however, little research has been done to understand the influence of COVID-19 on the enrollment rates of children in this program. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential changes in Part C enrollment during the initial COVID-19 pandemic period and examine possible racial/ethnic disparities in child enrollment for these services. We explored how Part C enrollment rates changed from 2014 to 2023, both overall and by race or ethnicity, using a regression discontinuity design to examine if the onset of COVID-19 affected enrollment. Data were collected from publicly available Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) static tables. We found that COVID-19 contributed to a decline in overall Part C enrollment, but did not affect the relative proportions of enrolled children by race or ethnicity. Current enrollment rates show signs of recovery. A closer examination of changes directly pre- and post-COVID onset suggested that between mid-2019 and mid-2020, enrollment for Hispanic and Asian children decreased, while enrollment for White children increased. Further research should investigate possible explanations, such as provider shortages and referral rates, for this decrease in statewide proportions of enrollment. Our findings indicate a need for publicly reported data on the Part C referral process and provider characteristics, in addition to currently available enrollment data, to better identify and target barriers to children’s service enrollment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fighting for opportunities for protection and rehabilitation after child sexual abuse","authors":"Åsa Landberg ,&nbsp;Anna Kaldal ,&nbsp;Maria Eriksson","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was to explore how children and young people retrospectively described their own strategies to get access to protection and support for recovery after disclosing child sexual abuse. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 14 young people who had disclosed sexual abuse during childhood shows that the participants adopted a range of strategies to be able to access protection and support for recovery. The strategies include finding allies among adults, arguing their case, resisting adult agendas, taking initiatives, and choosing exit. The results demonstrate how a child’s agency may contribute to the outcomes for a particular child, while children’s opportunities for protection and recovery are both restricted by parental rights and heavily depend on responsive adults pushing a children’s rights agenda.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 108104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}