Children and Youth Services Review最新文献

{"title":"Understanding profiles of youth who use the Casey Life skills assessment","authors":"Lucas A. Gerber,&nbsp;Aakanksha Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing independent living skills is an important part of transitioning to adulthood for youth who are aging out of the foster care system. In order for youth to gain these skills, assessments are a key tool that case managers and others working with youth use to create individualized plans for youth to obtain these skills. This study analyzes 194,108 Casey Life Skills assessments completed by youth across the country, to understand profiles of youth and support practitioners in administering these assessments. Overall, the findings shows that youth scored high on the assessment, with mean scores higher on relationships and communication and lower on housing and money management—highlighting the need for concrete support. Using Latent Profile Analysis, the study identifies four groups of youth detailed in the paper: [1] low in all domains, [2] moderate relational, low tangible, [3] high relational, moderate tangible, [4] high in all domains. Using multinormal logit models, the study subsequently identifies demographic characteristics that influence assignment into each class: notably, youth who identified as Vietnamese, gender non-binary, or transgender were more likely to be in the “low in all domains” category. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 108382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal profiles of social support and postpartum stress in mothers in home visiting","authors":"Nichole Nidey ,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Frey ,&nbsp;Robert T. Ammerman ,&nbsp;Alonzo T. Folger","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress in the perinatal period has a deleterious effect on parenting and maternal well-being. Home visiting programs help mothers of young children reduce stress and improve coping skills. Social support has been found to be an important contributor to stress reduction in mothers. Less is known about how specific aspects of social support relate to perinatal stress in the context of home visiting. This study examined social support measured prenatally and its association with parenting stress at 6 months postpartum. Latent profile analysis was used to determine different subtypes of social support, and these were used to predict later parenting stress. A total of 1739 mothers enrolled in a home visiting program were included in the analytic dataset for this study. Individuals were low-income (95 %), 57 % white, and 40 % African American/Black. Results found four distinct profiles of social support: Low Appraisal Support (5.6 %, n = 97), High Support (74.5 %, n = 1295), Low Tangible/Belonging Support (5.87 %, n = 102), and Moderate Support (14 %, n = 245). The Low Appraisal Support and Low Tangible/Belonging Support groups were distinguished by an item reflecting having someone to turn to for personal problems. Mothers in each of the lower support groups had higher levels of later parenting stress. Findings suggest that home visiting programs might be more effective in addressing social support in mothers by matching interventions to specific needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 108380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National insights into the stress and well-being of Early Head Start families before and after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Maria Y. Abdul-Masih ,&nbsp;Arya Ansari ,&nbsp;Kelly M. Purtell","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early Head Start (EHS) is a program designed to address the unique needs of low-income families. However, little is known about how the stress and well-being of EHS families has changed pre- and post-COVID-19. This information is vital for supporting families and addressing their changing needs. To fill this gap, we used data from the Early Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (Baby FACES), which are nationally representative samples of children and families served by EHS in 2018 (<em>n =</em> 2,826) and 2022 (<em>n =</em> 1,477). Using these two cohorts of cross-sectional data, we examined how families’ experiences with stress and well-being differed in the cohorts pre- and post-pandemic and across different demographic and household characteristics. Results from covariate-adjusted regression analyses revealed that EHS families in the 2022 cohort reported less social support, more depressive symptoms, and increased parenting stress, but fewer financial strains compared with families in the 2018 cohort. These findings varied consistently by race/ethnicity and primary home language. Hispanic families and those whose primary language was something other than English at home fared better than White and English-only families post pandemic. Overall, this study provides insight into the changing stress and well-being of EHS families over time, which is critical for ensuring families from vulnerable communities are receiving adequate resources to meet their needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 108376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear and loss: Violent fathers’ impact on children’s and mothers’ lives after fleeing from home","authors":"Linda Arnell ,&nbsp;Sara Thunberg","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate violent fathers’ impact on children’s and mothers’ lives after fleeing violence in their homes. The study is based on interviews with children aged 7–17 (n = 13) and mothers (n = 14) of young children (age 0–6 years) in Sweden. Eight children and five mothers in the sample were still living in domestic violence shelters at the time of the interview. The thematic analysis resulted in two major themes, Fear and Loss, revealing the fear of violence, abduction, and the consequences of visitation, and the loss of home, social relations, and identity. The results are discussed with the help of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. The conclusion shows that the impact of fathers’ violence has far-reaching consequences, both directly and indirectly, and that children’s and mothers’ lives continue to be affected long after they leave their home to seek protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Everyday co-parenting in a polymedia environment","authors":"Ellen Schep ,&nbsp;Keun Young Sliedrecht ,&nbsp;Wyke Stommel","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we analyse “interconnected communication sequences” between Professional Foster Parents (PFPs) and Birth Parents (BPs) in family-style group care. Interconnected communication sequences are coherent sequences constructed by participants by use of multiple communication media.</div><div>In family-style group care, children live with PFPs and regularly visit their BPs, which implies PFPs and BPs share the care for children. This co-parenting relationship is important in supporting the quality of contact between child and parents, which is essential for the child’s development and wellbeing. However, a harmonious co-parenting relationship is difficult to achieve and maintain.</div><div>To gain more insight in the intricacies of the complex PFP-BP relationship, we examine unfolding PFP-BP contact. Specifically, we examine two cases of instant messaging followed by a telephone call between PFPs and BPs. Our analysis disentangles how through text messaging PFPs and BPs propose to call for a particular reason and plan a call at an appropriate moment for both parties, and how they re-establish mutual availability in the call opening and collaboratively re-invoke the reason for calling. The negotiation of when to talk about what and how proves to be infused with relationship work and thereby instantiates some of the sensitivities of “co-parenting” in family-style group care.</div><div>With our empirical analysis of everyday interconnected polymedia communication in different modalities (instant messaging and telephone interaction) in family-style group care, we aim to contribute to knowledge of interactional practices in the field of social work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 108367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intersection of caregiving and financial vulnerability: Empowerment barriers for women in sex work","authors":"Massy Mutumba ,&nbsp;Ozge Sensoy Bahar ,&nbsp;Proscovia Nabunya ,&nbsp;Susan Witte ,&nbsp;Jennifer Nattabi ,&nbsp;Edward Nsubuga ,&nbsp;Josephine Nabayinda ,&nbsp;Joshua Kiyingi ,&nbsp;Fred M. Ssewamala","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the factors that shape the savings behaviors of women engaged in sex work (WESW) in southwestern Uganda, with a particular focus on the intersection of caregiving responsibilities and economic vulnerability. Drawing on qualitative data from the Kyaterekera study—an intervention that combined economic empowerment strategies (savings, financial literacy, and mentorship) with HIV risk reduction—we examine how WESW navigate financial decision-making in the context of structural and social constraints. While participants demonstrated motivation and resilience in pursuing financial stability, they encountered significant and intersecting barriers, including fluctuating income, caregiving demands, gendered norms, and the absence of formal social support systems. Findings reveal that caregiving is not merely a personal role but a structurally marginalized identity that shapes economic behavior in profound ways as these caregiving responsibilities intersect with factors such as marital status, household composition, and urban–rural location to produce differentiated financial challenges. Despite these constraints, participants engaged in strategic saving to meet essential needs, respond to emergencies, and invest in long-term goals such as homeownership and their children’s education. These insights underscore the importance of adopting an intersectional approach to economic empowerment—one that accounts for the diverse and overlapping realities of WESW. Tailored interventions that integrate financial literacy, peer mentoring, and potentially self-help groups can more effectively address both individual and structural barriers. By centering caregiving within economic empowerment strategies, programs can better support the long-term financial autonomy and well-being of WESW and their families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 108374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child welfare inequalities in an egalitarian nation: A Norwegian cohort study","authors":"Mary Elizabeth Hemler","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Child welfare systems internationally exhibit marked sociodemographic inequalities in intervention and out-of-home care rates. This study investigates these inequalities in Norway, focusing on the intersections of socioeconomic status (SES), ethnic background, and household composition. Using individual-level administrative data, the 2005 birth cohort was linked to parental sociodemographic data and child welfare records from birth to age 13 (2005–2018). By age 13, 10.9% of children experienced at least one child welfare intervention and 2.2% of children were placed in out-of-home care. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict the cumulative probabilities of child welfare intervention and out-of-home placement by age 13. At the intersection of SES and ethnic background, the strongest social gradient was observed for children with Norwegian-born parents: by age 13, 29.6% of children with low-SES Norwegian-born parents had received an intervention, compared to 7.3% of children with middle-SES and 3.2% of children with high-SES parents. In contrast, the weakest social gradient was observed among children with two non-Western immigrant parents, with 22.3% of low SES, 20.9% of middle SES, and 16.2% of high SES children receiving an intervention. At the intersection of SES and household composition, low SES and time spent in a single-parent household increased the risk for intervention in an additive manner: 57.6% of children from low-SES, long-term single-parent households experienced at least one child welfare intervention by age 13, compared to only 1.9% of children from high-SES two-parent households. These findings highlight the importance of a quantitative, intersectional framework for understanding child welfare inequalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent mental health inpatient unit: The experience of caregivers","authors":"Mackenzie Sternbeck-Rutter ,&nbsp;Karlen R. Barr ,&nbsp;Karina Rovere ,&nbsp;Rachael Wade ,&nbsp;Kevan McLean ,&nbsp;Michelle L Townsend","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescent mental health inpatient units (AIPU) have been established to provide a safe and therapeutic environment for adolescents with serious mental health presentations. Families often report high stress, exhaustion, and family dysfunction when a child is admitted to an AIPU. Caregivers frequently experience uncertainty about how to effectively support their child, and dissatisfaction with a lack of involvement and collaboration with these services. Further, family dysfunction and impaired caregiver-child relationships often persist despite adolescent symptom stabilisation following discharge. This study aimed to explore the experiences of caregivers who were involved in their child’s episode of care at an AIPU to understand how collaborative caregiver involvement may influence caregivers’ ability to manage distress, the caregiver-child relationship, and family functioning post-episode of care. Interviews were conducted with 10 caregivers and data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The themes generated indicated that caregivers were satisfied overall with their level of involvement and described the benefits of receiving applicable information and strategies around distress management. Caregivers gained an increased understanding of their child’s mental health difficulties, which improved communication between themselves and their child. New and shared ways of communicating about distress were reported to positively impact the parent–child relationship. Caregivers expressed a desire for increased family involvement and further support in ensuring care for their adolescent after being discharged from the unit. This research provides evidence that the active involvement of the caregiver in their child’s care facilitates the caregiver’s use of effective distress management strategies and improves the caregiver-child relationship. In line with caregiver responses, it is recommended that similar adolescent services prioritise individualised information and upskilling for caregivers and whole families. Based on these findings, we have developed a framework for caregiver involvement in an AIPU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“At the Mercy of our System”: Structural and programmatic changes for supporting parents with children in out-of-home care","authors":"Ashley N. Rousson ,&nbsp;Sophia Merelas ,&nbsp;Emiko A. Tajima ,&nbsp;Laura Orlando ,&nbsp;Julia J. Lund ,&nbsp;Susan Barkan","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>System reforms are needed to better support families and prevent child welfare system (CWS) involvement. For parents with children in out-of-home care, it is critical that CWS required programs meet their unique needs and minimize the harm of separation. Yet, few programs have been developed for this population of parents. This study sought to understand important factors to consider when developing responsive programming within the unique parenting context of supervised visitation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 107 individuals. Two focus groups included parents with lived expertise whose children were returned to their care after being removed. Interviewees included service providers from state CWS, legal, nursing, and Court Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) programs, child welfare researchers, and racial equity experts. Qualitative thematic analysis involved coding, code grouping, and theme development using ATLAS.ti. Findings indicate the need for broad systems attention to marginalization, separation trauma, and preparing workers for the context of supervised visitation Programs and requirements for parents should attend to self-identified needs, be trauma-informed, and needs-matched. Implications for child welfare programming are addressed, emphasizing community-based programming and family supports aimed at preventing removal, alongside systems-based efforts to minimize harm and meet families’ unique needs when separation cannot be avoided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local adults’ perceptions of adverse experiences and psychosocial consequences among refugee children in Sudan and South Sudan","authors":"Unni Heltne ,&nbsp;Ragnhild Dybdahl ,&nbsp;Sulaima Sharif ,&nbsp;Anders Breidlid","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Background: Adverse experiences are significant sources of stress that negatively impact mental health and overall functioning. These experiences are particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. Within such contexts, schools and local communities are considered vital platforms for delivering psychosocial support. Understanding local perspectives on children’s adverse experiences—and their consequences—is essential for developing effective strategies to protect and support affected children and to mitigate potential harm. <strong>Aim:</strong> This study aims to explore how adults—specifically teachers and parents—in Sudan and South Sudan perceive and interpret children’s adverse experiences, as well as the impact of these experiences on children’s psychosocial functioning and well-being. <strong>Method:</strong> This is an exploratory qualitative study with a sample of 45 informants. Data were collected through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and open-ended questionnaire responses. Thematic analysis was employed to identify and interpret key patterns within the data. <strong>Findings:</strong> Participants described a wide range of adversities affecting children, including hunger, domestic violence, abuse, neglect, and traumatic experiences related to war. These adversities were perceived to have severe and far-reaching consequences for children’s development, behaviour, and emotional well-being. Addressing these challenges requires holistic and multi-layered interventions that consider the broader ecological context of the child. Isolated or narrowly focused efforts were seen as inadequate. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> To achieve meaningful and sustainable impact, it is essential to implement comprehensive strategies that encompass improvements in caregiving practices, family support, community strengthening, and direct assistance to parents, teachers, and children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}