{"title":"Agree to disagree: How life satisfaction (in)congruence links to resilience in grandchild–grandparent dyads of Chinese left-behind families","authors":"Qiong Hu , Qiong Zhang , Yanlin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chinese left-behind families (CLBF) are households where parents migrate for work, leaving their children in rural areas under the care of grandparents. This arrangement often strengthens intergenerational bonds but can also create incongruence in life experiences and perceptions among family members. While previous research has highlighted the interdependence of life satisfaction and resilience within these grandchild<strong>–</strong>grandparent dyads, it remains unclear how perceptual agreement or disagreement in life satisfaction relates to dyadic resilience. This study examines the associations between congruence and incongruence in life satisfaction and resilience at the dyadic level. A total of 237 grandchild<strong>–</strong>grandparent dyads from CLBF completed self-reported measures of life satisfaction and resilience. Using polynomial regression and response surface analyses, we found that higher congruence in high life satisfaction was associated with higher resilience for both grandchildren and grandparents. However, incongruence showed distinct patterns in resilience for the two generations: greater incongruence—regardless of direction—was linked to lower resilience for grandchildren but higher resilience for grandparents. These findings provide nuanced insights into the intergenerational dynamics in CLBF, highlighting that congruence in higher life satisfaction promotes dyadic resilience, while incongruence challenges resilience in grandchildren but benefits grandparents. Future qualitative studies may provide deeper insights into these divergent effects, and longitudinal studies could better capture the dynamics over time. Intergenerational communication about life satisfaction and shared dialogues are encouraged to enhance resilience for both grandchildren and grandparents in CLBF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 108561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A.C. Ferraro , Heather Lepper-Pappan , Sarah Connelly
{"title":"Estimating the effects of placement changes on internalizing and externalizing symptoms","authors":"A.C. Ferraro , Heather Lepper-Pappan , Sarah Connelly","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Placement instability for youth in foster care can adversely affect child well-being, including emotional and behavioral disorders. Placement instability is common among youth in out-of-home care and can lead to behavioral challenges. Behavioral problems can also be a reason for placement change. This analysis explores the relationship between placement instability and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. The bidirectional nature of this relationship makes it more challenging to parse the effects of placement changes on a child’s behavior. To isolate this, we use a longitudinal sample of youth involved in child welfare who have not yet experienced a placement change at baseline. We investigate how placement changes, traumatic experiences, social support, and community connections contribute to internalizing and externalizing symptoms over three years using fixed effects. Fixed effects models allow us to account for time-invariant differences between respondents and focus on within-individual variation. In this analysis, we find that placement changes are associated with an average decrease in internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and those with higher trauma scores have more behavioral problems than their peers with lower trauma scores. We also discuss how this develops differently for girls and boys, along with the implications of our findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A most significant change study of the impact of Circle of Security Parenting (COS-P) training on professional practice in an Australia child and family agency","authors":"Silverman Rachael , Sadowski Christina","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Circle of Security-Parenting (COS-P) is an eight week psycho-educational parenting program aimed at increasing attachment security between caregivers/parents and children. This qualitative research study considered the impact of the 4 day COS-P facilitator training on professional practice within an Australian child and family welfare organization.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A modified version of the Most Significant Change (MSC) Technique (which aims to understand what changes occurred following an event and is often utilised to increase organizational knowledge and reflection) was used. Eight child and family practitioners who had undertaken the COS-P facilitator training generated MSC stories, which were thematically analysed to identify domains of change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four domains of change in professional practice were identified: reinforcement and application of attachment theory and COS core concepts; shared language/understanding; enacting reflective functioning; and, enacting relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings suggest that widespread COS-P training across an entire multi-disciplinary team/organization has strong capacity to foster a collectively understood attachment-based practice framework, enhance reflective capacity and enrich relationships − not only with regards to direct practice with families, but also within peer and supervisory relationships. Implications for child, youth and family services organisations relating to individual and team practice and supervision, professional development, and organisational leadership and culture are considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caitlyn Mytelka , Sarah C. Narendorf , Anil Arora , Jody Gardner , Eric C. Jones , Michelle R. Munson
{"title":"Contextualizing social support networks of youth exiting foster care: A mixed methods examination","authors":"Caitlyn Mytelka , Sarah C. Narendorf , Anil Arora , Jody Gardner , Eric C. Jones , Michelle R. Munson","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policy efforts for youth aging out of foster care have focused on tangible skills for independent living, while less attention has been given to the role of social networks during this major transition, particularly in providing emotional and mental health support. This mixed methods study explores the composition, quality, and interconnectedness of the personal networks of youth aging out of foster care, focusing on types of support (e.g., material, informational, emotional, and mental health) using structured survey and network data, along with qualitative interviews. Participants (n = 75) averaged 19.9 years old, were predominantly female (72 %), and racially/ethnically diverse. Support network size ranged from 3 to 20 members (M = 8.9). Among 669 named network members, 37 % were family, 7 % foster family, 7 % intimate partners, 10 % other supportive adults, 19 % professionals, and 19 % friends. Almost 90 % of participants identified at least one person providing multidimensional support and all networks had at least one source of emotional support. However, over half of networks had 0–4 individuals providing material support and 21 % had only 0–2 members providing mental health support. Results indicated that professionals are important supports but may not offer lasting relationships post-care. Youth who exited care were more likely to include intimate partners, highlighting a key target for intervention. Network size did not correspond to perceived support, suggesting enhancement efforts should focus on strengthening existing ties, promoting interconnectedness, and bolstering resources available within the network. Transition planning that builds relationship skills with family, friends, and partners may foster relational permanence and multidimensional support. Implications for interventions focused on enhancing support networks during this critical transition are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darejan Dvalishvili, Flavia Namuwonge, Rabab F. Ahmed, Fithi Embaye, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Proscovia Nabunya, Fred M. Ssewamala
{"title":"School absenteeism during menstruation among adolescent girls in Southern Uganda: A multi-level risk factors analysis","authors":"Darejan Dvalishvili, Flavia Namuwonge, Rabab F. Ahmed, Fithi Embaye, Ozge Sensoy Bahar, Proscovia Nabunya, Fred M. Ssewamala","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) continues to be a major barrier impacting adolescent girls’ school attendance in low-income countries. In Uganda, only 10 % of adolescent girls practice adequate MHM; and they miss an estimated 11 % of school days due to menstruation. Missing school (school absenteeism) has been associated with negative educational and social outcomes. This paper aimed to explore the individual, family, school and community-level factors associated with school absenteeism among adolescent girls during menstruation. We used crosssectional (baseline) data from 1,237 adolescent girls recruited from 47 secondaryschools in Southern Uganda. The nested logistic model analysis was used to test the significance of blocks of predictor factors on school absenteeism. The results showed that all blocks of factors are statistically significant. Discrete analysis indicated that dysmenorrhea was associated with an 8.1 % increase in school absenteeism. However, family sufficiency and support appeared to be protective factors decreasing absenteeism by 13.8 % and 4.9 %, respectively. Also, both schools’ good water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure and supportive teachers were associated with decreasing school absenteeism by 28.6 % and 4.6 %, respectively. Inaddition, cultural taboos on menstruation were associated with the strongest (34.3 %) increase in school absenteeism. Our results showed that all blocks of factors matter when discussing MHM and school absenteeism among adolescent girls. Therefore, more multifaceted interventions are needed to address the issue affecting millions of girls regularly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Court-mandates and parent training: Outcomes of the ACT raising safe kids program for groups of mandated and voluntary parents","authors":"Michele S. Knox, Grant Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ACT Raising Safe Kids program (ACT-RSK; <span><span>Silva, 2011</span></span>), developed by the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Violence Prevention Office, is an early prevention intervention focusing on parents and caregivers of young children. The program is implemented in many communities with a diversity of caregivers, including court mandated parents in some communities. However, it has not yet been established whether court-mandated parents benefit from the program. This study was conducted in the United States with a total of 65 participants, including 35 court-mandated and 30 voluntary parents. Combined groups of court-mandated and voluntary parents completed the ACT-RSK program. The participants completed measures of parenting skills and knowledge just prior to, and just after completion of the program. Results indicated the total sample and the mandated subsample benefited significantly from the program with regards to improved parenting behaviour and limiting and supervising children’s media use. Mandated status (mandated versus voluntary) did not significantly impact outcomes on the measures, but mandated participants had greater improvements on a measure of parental responding to children’s behaviours. The groups did not differ significantly in rates of drop out from the program, nor in number of sessions attended. Findings suggest that maltreating parents who are court-mandated to attend can benefit significantly from the ACT-RSK program, and do not have higher rates of program drop out.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108564"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clusters of difficulties experienced by children during their transition to primary school","authors":"Jonghyun Jun, Kane Meissel, Maria Cooper","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transitioning into primary school is an important shift for children. Ideally, children would navigate this transition without difficulties, but this is often not the case. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify patterns of children experiencing transition difficulties and examine how these patterns vary by ethnicity, language proficiency, area-level socioeconomic status, and duration of difficulties. Data from 5784 children and their families participating in a longitudinal birth cohort study were analysed using two cluster analysis methods, each revealing three distinct clusters of children. The first method clustered children’s difficulties into separation and social integration concerns, structural concerns (e.g., school routines), and school adjustment concerns. The second method clustered them into early adaptation concerns, language and special needs concerns, and health and school readiness concerns. Significant differences were observed across clusters by ethnicity, language proficiency and duration of difficulties experienced. These findings highlight the need for culturally responsive and targeted support strategies, such as social and emotional learning programmes and professional teacher development, to better support children during the transition to school. This study contributes a novel dual-method approach to understanding school transition and offers practical insights for parents, teachers and policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 108559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trauma-informed practices among psychologists in the portuguese child welfare: Training, implementation, and institutional gaps","authors":"Virgínia Alves , Mariana Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence and impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences are widely recognized as a global public health concern. In Portugal, psychologists within the Child Welfare System (CWS) play a central role, as they are the only professionals legally authorized to conduct psychological assessment and intervention. These practitioners work daily with children and families exposed to high rates of interpersonal, chronic, and cumulative trauma, primarily domestic violence. This study aimed to assess psychologists’ training, knowledge, professional practices, and the resources available at individual and institutional levels to implement trauma-informed practices. A convenience sample of 144 psychologists from nearly all Portuguese regions completed an online questionnaire. Participants were mostly women (92 %) and held a master’s degree (70.1 %), working in different professional roles within social, health, education, and justice sectors. Findings revealed that although individual psychologists demonstrated awareness of trauma-informed principles, there was limited institutional support for their implementation. Trauma-informed practices were only modestly endorsed, with the lowest scores related to the availability and accessibility of trauma-focused treatments. Specific training in trauma assessment and intervention emerged as a key positive predictor of the adoption of trauma-informed practices, whereas traditional clinical specializations did not appear to enhance trauma-informed competencies. These results underscore the need for comprehensive organizational policies, structured training programs, and systemic support to foster the consistent integration of trauma-informed practices within the CWS. Strengthening trauma-informed approaches will improve services for victims and their families and promote the well-being and effectiveness of the professionals and institutions involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aziz Matrouch , Carme Montserrat , Nuria Fuentes-Peláez
{"title":"What do children and young people in the social services understand by participation? Similarities and differences with the vision of professionals","authors":"Aziz Matrouch , Carme Montserrat , Nuria Fuentes-Peláez","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The participation of children and young people during the different times when decisions that directly affect their lives are made is a complex issue. The aims of this study were to determine the perspectives of children and adolescents linked to welfare system on how they understand their participation and compare these with those of professionals. The main aim was to determine what they understand by participation, experiences they identify in relation to it and proposals for improvement. Through a methodological design with a collection of qualitative data from 71 participants, 30 interviews were carried out, 16 with children and adolescents and 14 with professionals from different resources. In addition, six focus groups were held, three with children and young people and three with professionals. The results show that children and adolescents understand participation as an element of support, with little connection to decision-making, giving examples of previous experiences from their daily lives in the organization of activities and more routine aspects. They propose they be listened to more and better understood to improve their participation in the different stages of the intervention process. On the other hand, although stating that participation must be a fundamental element of the practice, the professionals highlighted difficulties in achieving it. They point to the overload of work involved in generating participatory experiences. This research emphasizes the need to make protection compatible with participation, highlighting the benefits that participation brings to socio-educational processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brίd O’Connell , David McCormack , Darren Maguire , Fina Wurm , Tim Fosker
{"title":"A thematic synthesis of foster carer experiences when engaging in attachment-informed interventions for children in care","authors":"Brίd O’Connell , David McCormack , Darren Maguire , Fina Wurm , Tim Fosker","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research indicates that children and young people in foster care frequently experience attachment-related difficulties that are associated with social, emotional, and behavioural challenges and later psychopathology. Accordingly, attachment-informed interventions are often considered an appropriate way to help care-experienced young people and their carers. Here, a thematic synthesis approach is employed to explore the experiences of foster carers who engaged in attachment-informed interventions. Thirteen intervention studies containing qualitative data, at least partly informed by attachment theory, were identified from six electronic databases in March 2024. The studies included in this review were published between 2008 and 2023. The included studies were evaluated for their limitations using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Adhering to the guidelines for thematic synthesis provided by <span><span>Thomas and Harden (2008)</span></span>, four overarching themes were identified: ‘carers’ perceptions of the salient aspects of the intervention’, ‘a process of change’, ‘relating with others’, and ‘barriers to change’. Confidence in the findings of this review was evaluated using the GRADE-CERQual approach. The synthesis of these articles highlights the impact of attachment-informed interventions in providing psychoeducation, facilitating reflective processes, and fostering connections to support foster carers in meeting the complex needs of the children in their care. The review also identifies foster carers’ systemic challenges and the need for longer-term intervention and follow-up to fully implement and measure the impact of interventions informed by attachment theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 108558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}