Journal of Transport Geography最新文献

{"title":"Measuring the impact mechanism of urban built environment on travel-related carbon emissions","authors":"Jichao Geng,&nbsp;Yuxin Yang,&nbsp;Keliang Wang,&nbsp;Ruyin Long","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under China's “dual‑carbon” goals, understanding how the urban built environment affects travel-related carbon emissions is critical for low-carbon urban planning. Using panel data from 65 Chinese prefecture-level cities during 2014–2023, this study constructs a multidimensional built environment index encompassing density, land-use mix, road traffic facilities, and public service facilities. The entropy-weight method is applied to measure built environment levels, and a two-way fixed effects model is employed for empirical analysis. Results indicate that improvements in the built environment significantly reduce residents' travel-related carbon emissions, and the findings remain robust after addressing endogeneity concerns. Mechanism analysis reveals that this effect operates through enhanced economic density and industrial structure upgrading, while education expenditure strengthens the emission-reduction impact. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that the effects vary across urban spatial forms and regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148384399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking living-zone plans with mobility community detection: Evidence from Seoul's mobile-phone-based mobility data","authors":"Jongha Park,&nbsp;Sunyong Eom,&nbsp;Myeong-Hun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Planning self-contained neighbourhoods has emerged as a strategy to enhance walkability and mitigate traffic congestion in cities worldwide. Yet official living-zone boundaries are often drawn through expert judgement and administrative constraints, leaving their empirical alignment with everyday mobility largely untested. This study proposes a mobility-network-based evaluation framework that benchmarks official living-zone plans against data-derived mobility communities. Because living-zone planning concerns routine access to shopping, leisure, social, cultural, and public services rather than labour-market catchments, we use anonymised daytime non-work/non-school origin-destination flows for Seoul (424 dongs) from the Seoul Living Mobility Dataset v3.3 (SLMD). We derive mobility communities with two widely used community-detection algorithms (Louvain and Leiden) and evaluate the resulting zones with modularity, internal flow ratio (IFR), spatial contiguity, and intersection-over-union (IoU) relative to Seoul's official 116 living zones. Results show that algorithm choice matters for planning usability: in our case study, Leiden more reliably matches the policy target of 116 zones and yields fewer spatially fragmented clusters than Louvain under comparable parameter tuning. While many official zones closely align with mobility communities, several districts display systematic mismatches with lower cohesion and self-containment. Planning implications are derived by jointly interpreting IoU, modularity gaps, and IFRk gaps as relative priority signals rather than universal thresholds, which can help prioritise boundary review, local connectivity improvements, and service-area adjustments. By shifting the focus from merely ‘drawing a better map’ to auditing and iteratively updating living-zone plans, the study demonstrates how mobility data can support evidence-based, adaptive neighbourhood planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104753"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148385287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust mobile electric vehicle charging solutions for natural disasters: A multi-criteria resilience analysis in Florida","authors":"Razieh Khayamim,&nbsp;Mohammad Movahedi,&nbsp;Onur Alisan,&nbsp;Seçkin Özkul,&nbsp;Eren Erman Ozguven,&nbsp;Maxim A. Dulebenets","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) creates new challenges for emergency management, particularly regarding evacuation capabilities during natural disasters such as hurricanes. Infrastructure disruptions and power grid failures, common during emergencies, can severely limit evacuation options, leaving EV owners vulnerable due to inadequate charging facilities. In those cases, mobile charging stations could be used to provide agile supply. As such, this study examines how vulnerable EV charging infrastructures would become during large-scale evacuations, presenting a multi-criteria decision analysis framework for promising deployment of mobile EV charging stations during hurricane evacuations. The methodology uniquely integrates power grid vulnerability assessment with geospatial analysis to identify the strategic placement of charging infrastructure during emergencies. Focusing on Hurricane Ian’s impact on the greater Tampa Bay region in Florida, USA as a case study, the study incorporated a set of criteria: (1) EV ownership density, (2) charging infrastructure vulnerability, (3) proximity to evacuation routes, (4) accessibility to critical facilities, and (5) traffic volume. Through systematic spatial analysis, 238 candidate locations were identified and evaluated using a distribution algorithm that implemented a proper buffer to ensure efficient resource allocation while maintaining overall service coverage. The final deployment strategy identified fourteen strategically promising locations, significantly enhancing coverage of critical evacuation routes, facilities, demand and effectively addressing gaps in existing charging infrastructure. This research contributes a robust methodological framework beneficial to emergency management practices in coastal regions with growing EV adoption rates. Results underscore the importance and effectiveness of integrating power grid resilience considerations into traditional transportation planning, substantially improving emergency response capabilities for EV-dependent communities during natural disasters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104739"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148313340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridge accessibility and population agglomeration: Evidence from Yangtze River Bridges in China","authors":"Chen Li,&nbsp;Shengnan Wu,&nbsp;Xueliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transportation infrastructure plays a pivotal role in shaping regional population distribution. While existing studies have examined the impacts of high-speed railways, highways, and subway systems, the role of bridges as a distinctive form of transport infrastructure has received limited scholarly focus. Using panel data of 1 km × 1 km spatial grids in the 20 km buffer zone along the Yangtze River from 2001 to 2023, this study examines the impact of bridge accessibility on population growth. The results reveal that improved bridge accessibility significantly promotes population agglomeration. Specifically, a 1% reduction in the distance to the nearest bridge is associated with a 1.16% increase in population density. Mechanism analysis provides suggestive evidence that reductions in business costs, accelerated urbanization, and the clustering of amenities are plausible channels through which improved bridge accessibility promotes population growth. Heterogeneity analysis further demonstrates that the effects are particularly pronounced in grids influenced by multiple bridges, located within 10 km of the river, situated within a 0–60° bridge radiation angle, lying in inter-provincial border areas, or positioned across the river from municipal governments. By providing micro-spatial evidence on the demographic effects of bridge accessibility, this study contributes to the literature on transport infrastructure and population distribution and offers policy-relevant insights for regions with similar geographic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104746"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling spatiotemporal mechanisms of urban traffic: Multi-scale determinants and explainable street-level dynamics of a graph neural network in Berlin","authors":"Shiyu Tang,&nbsp;Jin Rui,&nbsp;Sven Lautenbach,&nbsp;Christina Ludwig,&nbsp;Sukanya Randhawa,&nbsp;Steffen Knoblauch,&nbsp;Alexander Zipf","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Street-level average traffic speeds provide essential information for routing, commuting time estimation, and many transport and environmental assessments. However, publicly available traffic speed data often covers only a small share of the urban road networks. One approach to increase traffic speed data availability is the use of models. Here, we tested a two-stage prediction-interpretation framework that combines a graph neural network (GraphSAGE) with a Geographical and Temporal Weighted Regression (GTWR) approach. While the graph neural network was used for the prediction of traffic speed for our case study region, Berlin, Germany, we used the GTWR approach to provide a post-hoc statistical interpretation of the prediction. We trained the GraphSAGE regression model with Uber Movement speeds as the response variable. OSM-based road attributes, population density, and street-view-derived activity indicators were used as predictors for roughly 72% of the road network without Uber Movement speed data. The model achieved a mean average error for the test data of 5.73 km/h and was capable of reproducing the general spatial pattern of traffic speed across Berlin. GTWR was then applied to estimate local coefficients for the same feature set. GTWR indicated road type and speed limit were positively associated with GraphSAGE-predicted speeds, whereas population density, street-view-derived pedestrian counts, and traffic signal counts were generally associated with lower predicted speeds. Clustering the coefficient vectors revealed four coherent GTWR behavior clusters across the city. These clusters summarize how the model redistributes feature importance across spatial contexts and could help transfer the GraphSAGE model to other cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104754"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148384403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating hierarchical activity space from high-resolution urban mobility flows","authors":"Zhicheng Deng,&nbsp;Zhaoya Gong,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Thill,&nbsp;Elizabeth C. Delmelle","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current studies on activity space are limited by the conceptualization of absolute physical space that fails to consider the heterogeneity of relational spaces reconstructed from spatial interactions of human movements between locations and falls short in incorporating the inherent hierarchical property of human mobility. Consequently, these approaches cannot faithfully reflect how people interact with urban spaces through travels. From the lens of relational space, this study proposes the new Hierarchical Activity Region Model (HARM) to derive the space and hierarchical properties of activity spaces perceived by various urban groups. We demonstrate the enhanced validity of our model on travel behavior in Manhattan, New York City, before, during, and after Hurricane Sandy on the basis of taxi data. Empirical results show that intra-urban travel retains clear hierarchical organization, even under disruption of a major weather event. Yet, travel undergoes a compression effect in travel hierarchies, characterized by fewer hierarchical levels and enlarged characteristic scales, followed by a rebound. Clustering the derived hierarchies reveals pronounced heterogeneity that stems from differences in population profiles; some groups sustain deeper structures or recover quickly, while others experience a persistent loss of levels. This study provides valuable insights into the functional hierarchies of urban mobility, which could inform more sustainable, resilient and equitable urban planning. The proposed methodological framework is generic for studying human mobility in broader contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104744"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is proximity enough? Extending the X-minute city assessment through dual dimensions of proximity and availability of grocery stores","authors":"Qianyu Zhong,&nbsp;Jiangyue Wu,&nbsp;Zhuolin Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The X-minute city has gained global prominence as a multi-dimensional framework for building accessible and sustainable neighborhoods. Current assessments, however, have largely focused on proximity to amenities while overlooking other critical dimensions, such as availability—defined as the match between supply and demand quantity. This study evaluates both proximity and availability of grocery stores across 20 Chinese cities, identifies the mismatch between the two dimensions, and examines how each relates to key urban features, namely population size and density. Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), Open-Source Routing Machine (OSRM), and Nearest-Neighbor 2SFCA (NN2SFCA) are utilized for an efficient, 100 m high-resolution multi-city assessment. Results reveal that most cities perform well in proximity, with average walking times to grocery stores under five minutes. In contrast, availability remains generatively low and unevenly distributed across both urban cores and peripheries. Notably, 42% of the population reside in areas with high proximity but low availability. We further find that population density is positively associated with proximity, whereas population density and population size both exert a negative association with availability. These findings extend the methodological and conceptual foundations of X-minute city assessment and provide evidence-based insights for comprehensive urban planning policies toward livable environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104743"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148289451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First–last mile gaps and transport-related social exclusion: A spatial analysis of Jakarta's feeder network","authors":"Firzan Firzan,&nbsp;Muhammad Zudhy Irawan,&nbsp;Taqia Rahman,&nbsp;Maya Safira","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transport-related social exclusion (TRSE) in many Global South cities is shaped by uneven spatial access conditions and socioeconomic vulnerability. Yet, evidence from Southeast Asia rarely integrates feeder services, multimodal coverage, and the geography of marginalised groups within a single analytical framework. This study addresses this gap by examining inequalities in neighbourhood-scale walk-access coverage in Jakarta, Indonesia, using a TRSE taxonomy embedded within a selectively adapted accessibility framework. Jakarta provides a relevant setting because Mikrotrans, a formalised minibus-based paratransit feeder service, is incorporated into the city's integrated public transport network, while bus rapid transit (BRT) and rail function as trunk modes. Empirically, the analysis integrates land use, vulnerability indicators, public transport inventories, points of interest, and network-based walking isochrones within a hexagonal grid. Proximity-based potential spatial accessibility is operationalised as the share of each grid cell falling within 400 m bus-stop and 800 m rail-station catchments. A generalised joint regression model (GJRM) is then used to examine latent spatial co-dependence between Mikrotrans–BRT and Mikrotrans–rail coverage patterns. Results show a coverage hierarchy: Mikrotrans covers 49% of residential areas, compared with 24% for BRT and 10% for rail. Low-income and household-intensive areas exhibit lower coverage, indicating distributive inequity in potential access conditions. Stronger Mikrotrans–BRT residual correlations suggest closer feeder–BRT spatial co-dependence. Overall, the findings underscore the need for equity-oriented feeder planning and improved first–last mile access, while recognising that walk-access coverage captures proximity-based potential access rather than broader accessibility and TRSE conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104741"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148289479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximal demand coverage transit network redesign with resource reutilization","authors":"David Canca,&nbsp;Francisco Saldanha-da-Gama","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the progressive development of Metro systems, transportation authorities face the problem of adjusting and optimizing existing bus transit lines, considering the new mobility patterns of cities. This paper focuses on a transit network redesign problem seeking to improve the accessibility of citizens to the entire transportation system, which is assumed to comprise metro and bus lines. To this end, it is assumed that resources such as stops marquees and vehicles operating the old transit network can be reused if needed, contributing to reducing the investment required for the network redesign. An optimization model is introduced for the base problem that seeks to support a purely strategic decision making process. In that case, it is imposed that the number of new bus lines is equal to those running in the original network. The problem is then extended by relaxing that constraint and also by embedding several tactical decisions. The latter include the frequency of the buses in each line and the fleet size. The purely strategic problem can be tackled by a general purpose solver for small — to medium-sized instances. Nevertheless, the problem is NP-Hard. Hence, thinking ahead to larger instances, and also considering the above-mentioned extensions a genetic algorithm is also developed. The results of a series of computational tests conducted to assess the relevance of the contributions provided is reported on.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104748"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148384400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LLM-aided representation of human commuting patterns in 42 Chinese cities with open data","authors":"Enyuan Cao,&nbsp;Justin Hayse Chiwing G. Tang,&nbsp;Xiong Yang,&nbsp;Junbei Liu,&nbsp;Chengxiang Zhuge","doi":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2026.104749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geographically-explicit simulations have become crucial in understanding cities and are playing an important role in urban science. Traditional data sources like household surveys and mobile phone records are either expensive or difficult to obtain. This study proposes a large language model (LLM)-based framework to infer users' home and workplace locations from geo-tagged social media data. Unlike conventional rule-based approaches that rely primarily on posting time heuristics, the proposed method integrates textual and behavioral information to improve inference coverage and interpretability. The framework is evaluated using a multi-level validation strategy, including comparison with a manually labeled ground-truth dataset, ablation experiments to examine the contribution of textual semantics, and aggregate-level consistency checks against commonly used reference datasets and official commuting statistics. Results indicate that the LLM-based approach produces commuting patterns and spatial distributions that are structurally consistent with external benchmarks while additionally enabling the extraction of user-level socio-demographic profiles. By jointly inferring mobility structures and individual attributes from a unified data source, the proposed framework provides enriched inputs for population synthesis, offering greater calibration flexibility and serving as a complementary data-generation mechanism for constructing synthetic populations with explicit commuting patterns in urban micro-simulation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48413,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transport Geography","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 104749"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}