Indian journal of psychiatric nursing最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in mental health care","authors":"G Balamurugan, M Vijayarani, G Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_50_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_50_23","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health is one of the most important yet often overlooked aspects of our well-being. Due to the shortage of mental health specialists and the rising incidence of mental health problems, many people have difficulty getting the mental health care they require. Hence, there is a growing need for more effective, affordable, and accessible forms of mental health support. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) comes in. This technology is changing how we think about mental health and offers new hope to those struggling. In this article, we will explore AI's application, challenges, and future concerns in mental health. WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE? According to the English Oxford Living Dictionary, AI is “The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.”[1] There are two types of AI. (i) Narrow (Weak) AI can perform only a limited set of predetermined functions, e.g. Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa. (ii) General (Strong) AI is considered to match the human mind's capacity for independent thought because of its capability to process a wide range of inputs.[2] In 1950, Alan Turing introduced the Turing test to determine if a computer could demonstrate the same intelligence as a human. In 1956, John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” at the first-ever AI conference at Dartmouth College.[3] Since then, scientists have been trying to develop AI models that can be applied to many sectors and industries, such as automotive, finance, and health care. The most common AI-based technologies used in health care include chatbots, virtual reality therapy, and machine learning algorithms. APPLICATION IN MENTAL HEALTHCARE Screening AI helps in understanding mental illness,[4] and it is used for the screening of severe mental illness[5] with clinical magnetic resonance imaging scans,[6] bipolar disorder,[5] depression in old age[4,7] Alzheimer's, mild cognitive impairment, autism spectrum disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).[5] AI can examine data from various sources, including social media, to find patterns of activity that might be related to mental health problems. This data helps to identify the high-risk individuals;[8] predict depressive relapses of bipolar disorder.[9] However, recent studies found that AI models have variable performance in diagnosing mental illness.[8] Therapies Patients can now receive cognitive behavioral therapy treatment from AI-powered virtual therapists such as Woebot.[10] Patients can communicate with these virtual therapists by voice, video, or chat anytime.[11] Similarly, AI models are tested to deliver micro-intervention for parents[4] and also significantly reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.[12] AI-based virtual reality therapy allows patients to experience and conf","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical consideration in child and adolescent mental health nursing","authors":"Radhakrishnan Govindan, Bingi Rajeswari","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_80_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_80_22","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Child and adolescent psychiatry is a relatively new branch of psychiatry. Child psychiatric nursing evolved gradually as the therapeutic value of nurses' relationship with children began to be realized. In child psychiatric nursing, the nurse needs to get equipped with qualities of clinical experience in interacting with children and developing a therapeutic relationship.[1] Ethical issues arise seldom in the care of adults with a psychiatric disorder in comparison with the care of children with psychiatric disorders.[2] Nurses working at child and adolescent Psychiatry encounters various ethical issues. The most common ethical issues while implementing the ward routines includes 1. Consideration of children's preferences in food, clothing, Play allotment of room, 2. Complying the child to follow the ward routine which is entirely new to the child routine at home. 3. Setting too close or too harsh boundaries. 3. Not involving the child in the decision of admission and treatment plans. 4. Not providing adequate explanation about restraints, Prescription of medications, follow- ups including both in person and by teleconsultation. Apart from hospital stay the nurses face ethical issues at community set-up also whenever they are dealing with the children and adolescent with mental health problem. The common ethical issues at community includes 1. Identification of mental health problem in children. Proper history collection from various sources of information including parents, grand parents, other care givers, teachers, school attenders, drivers etc., 2. First consultation to the psychiatry it self is a challenging. The nurse cannot refer or arrange teleconsultations against parent's or child's wish. 3. Without proper evaluation child cannot be labelled with mental illness. 4. Disclosing the diagnosis to parents and explaining about importance of treatment. The nurse being a frontline health-care provider is essential to have sound knowledge of ethical issues in caring for a child and adolescent mental health needs. It helps in recognizing health-care dilemmas and making good judgments and decisions within the laws that govern them.[1] The duty of health-care providers is to do things that are beneficial or good. In pediatric care, this means the action of kindness that will benefit the child than harm him/her. The treatment decision will not be based on factors such as age, gender, religion, socioeconomic status, or ethnic group.[3] To Overcome these ethical issues both at hospital and community set up the nurses has to follow these; 1. The nurse has to empathize the parents' situation. 2. Provide adequate information. 3. Obtain assent and consent for admission, treatment and research activities. 4. Involve all the family members in participatory decision making. 5. Providing information about MDT (Multidisciplinary Team). 6. Psychoeducation on medications and its side effects. 7. Teleconsultations to reach the unreached with in the l","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome readers","authors":"Sandhya Gupta","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_41_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_41_23","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational stress among health-care professionals, nurses in particular, is a major concern worldwide, occupational stress among care professionals. Occupational stress affects productivity adversely such as health-related problems in the workforce, absenteeism, and turnover, thus placing job performance among nurses' and patients' lives at risk. The effects of organizational level on the specific aspects can be assessed by various job stress inventories. The findings from various occupational health hazards, studies have shown that the excessive workload on nursing professionals, the complexity of patient care activities, poor organized work environments, and lack of support of administration are considered contributing factors to job stress which may also result in providing unsafe care. Furthermore, nurses frequently experience occupational stress due to the nature of the nursing profession. Thus, it is critical to implement effective organizational interventions to minimize work-related stressors and to improve the work performance of nurses. It is significant to have supportive working environments that encourage collaboration and empower nurses to provide excellent care and reduce work-related stressors. Nurses working in senior management levels mostly report that they experienced stress more often while making critical decisions and dealing with crisis situations than did nursing officers at lower levels in the hierarchy, for whom inadequate salary and lack of opportunity for advancement were more stressful. For males, work stress was more strongly related to concerns about their role in the power structure of an organization, whereas females mostly report that they experience more severe stress when there is a conflict between job requirements and family relationships. A comprehensive workplace stress management program is an urgent need whereby stressor reduction process can be learnt by all resulting in self-management behavior which will improve the emotional well-being of the nursing workforce and productivity and will decrease absenteeism after some period posttraining. For some people, a consultation with counselor, psychologist may be required, whereas in few cases, treatments and therapies also may be needed. It is already seen that early interventions are an effective means of preventing problems among nurses and all health workers on a day-to-day basis. Dear readers, continuous efforts are done by authors, reviewers, and the editorial team to bring out this Jan–June 2023 issue of ISPN journal, which is presented to you, to enhance scientific, advance knowledge, and practice of psychiatric-mental health nursing. Enjoy reading it.","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate effect of gratitude journal on mental well-being of college students in Kerala","authors":"Jasmin James, Augustine George, Sunil Alphonse, A Saheedha","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_3_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_3_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 has led to economic slowdown, loss of life, loss of livelihood, health complications, poor quality of life, deteriorated mental health, and poor education. One of the critical issues is decreased mental health among adolescents. Mental health was indeed a problem even before COVID-19, and the pandemic has substantially raised or catalyzed it to another level. Teachers reported that many college students who came to college after a long period of lockdown seem to be very confused, anxious, emotionally exhausted, and stressed. Parents are of the opinion that their children show irritation, anger, and frustrations at home. This study is an offshoot of this concern. Aim: This study aims to know the immediate effect of gratitude journals on mental well-being. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at the University Institute of Technology (UIT), Karuvatta, Alappuzha, Kerala. The experimental design was used for the study. Materials and Methods: One hundred and eight college students (F = 50 and M = 58) aged between 18 and 25 years from UIT, Alappuzha, Kerala, were selected randomly for this study. Students were divided equally into two groups, experimental group (n = 54) and control group (n = 54); both groups were tested to analyze mental well-being using Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Experimental group was made to fill the gratitude journal immediately after the pretest and the control group was allowed to do their daily routine. Posttest was conducted to find if there was any significant difference in the experimental group. Statistical Analysis Used: Paired sample “t”-test and ANCOVA were used for the statistical analysis. Results: It shows a significant difference at a 0.05 level. When the outcome was compared between experimental and control group, the experimental group showed an increase in their mental well-being score (P < 0.01), whereas the control group did not show any difference in mental well-being, (P = 0.540). Conclusions: This implies that a gratitude journal could be a good intervention even in short run to improve the mental well-being among college students and hence students can be better prepared for learning.","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate MBBS and nursing students in Erode, Tamil Nadu","authors":"Panneerselvam Periasamy, Suganthi Vajiravelu, A Chandrabose, G Sasikala, Janani Manivannan, Aishwarya Umashankar","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_47_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_47_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The main psychological stress among medical students was associated with anxiety and depression. Fear of unforeseeable situations, using equipment, speaking with patients, etc., is a typical issue among students. The two factors that are most directly associated with poor emotional states are physical and mental health. Methodology: Students from the Erode district of Tamil Nadu were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The study involved 273 undergraduate students who were randomly selected. Participants were selected by a systematic, random sampling technique. To measure the study's outcomes, the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-42 with 42 items was employed. Statistical significance was shown using aP= 0.05. Results: Among the 273 respondents, 80 (29.30%) were male and 193 (70.70%) were female. Among undergraduate students in Tamil Nadu's Erode district, there was a 40.29% prevalence of depression, a 40.39% prevalence of anxiety, and a 31.04% prevalence of stress. Female students had a 10.25 depression score than male students' 7.75 score. Furthermore, female (11.76) students had more stress scores than male students (9.30). Nursing and MBBS students had more anxiety. Conclusions: Stress, anxiety, and depression all have disturbingly high prevalence rates. Therefore, it is strongly advised to implement stress reduction strategies and to set up a student counseling center.","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental and emotional experiences among registered nurses during SARS COV-2 pandemic: A meta-synthesis","authors":"ManishKumar Balai, VA Raghu, DuttAvasthi Rishi, RamBishnoi Hanuman","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic COVID-19 has exposed the nurses to tough and emotionally stressful working environment which could affect the mental health which results, delivery of poor quality of patient care, increase the medical error, and higher turnover of nurses. The aim of this meta-synthesis was to synthesize the mental and emotional experiences of nurses while caring for COVID-19 patients. This meta-synthesis was done according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analysis guidelines 2021. Literature was searched from Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHAL electronic database using the Medical Subject Heading words. The meta-synthesis reported data from 10 phenomenological studies with 198 nurses as informants of which 122 were female and 40 were male and the remaining 36 sample categories were not reported and their mean age was 29.62 years. The thematic analysis was performed to derive the six major themes which include negative emotion, optimism, adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic, health-care concern, somatic experience, and professional obligation with 12 subthemes. The outcome of the meta-synthesis was that nurses experienced fear, anxiety, hopelessness, somatic symptoms, fatigue, and heavy workload due to inadequate training, shortage workforce, and unpreparedness. The authors suggest adequate preparedness of nurses to face any hardship of future pandemic","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological capital and well-being beyond the workplace: A conceptual review","authors":"FayazAhmad Paul, Indrajeet Banerjee, Arif Ali","doi":"10.4103/iopn.iopn_90_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_90_22","url":null,"abstract":"Psychological capital (PsyCap) is an individual's psychological capacity that can be measured, improved, and managed for performance improvement. Hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and resilience are among the psychological resources that make up the higher-order construct. It has been connected to a variety of positive work attitudes, behaviors, and other outcomes. The concept of well-being is intricately joined with that of living life to the fullest potential. The decades of extensive research on mental illness and dysfunctional behavior in psychology and other behavioral science have generally failed to contribute to a better understanding of the role that human qualities, flourishing, and optimal performance. Similarly, the study of work stress, conflict, dysfunctional attitudes, and other negative constructs that have preoccupied organizational behavior and human resource management scholars and practitioners has also not necessarily shed more light on the traits of outstanding workers or the dynamic mechanisms that support greatness in the workplace. This realization motivated positive psychologists and positive organizational behavior scholars to launch new and exciting streams of research that focus on positivity in its own right, rather than simply extrapolating existing mainstream research. It is expected that the positive influences of PsyCap will reduce costs and mitigate negative influences in an organization or workplace. The concept of well-being is a complex thought on optimal performance in one's life. It is having two visual aspects, the hedonic approach and the eudaimonic approach. The present conceptual review paper has been drafted to have an understanding of positivity, particularly PsyCap which can promote well-being, both at and beyond the workplace.","PeriodicalId":484047,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of psychiatric nursing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}