Social Forces最新文献_第8页

Opportunity or Exploitation? A Longitudinal Dyadic Analysis of Flexible Working Arrangements and Gender Household Labor Inequality 机会还是剥削?弹性工作制与性别家庭劳动不平等的纵向二元分析

IF 4.8 1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad125

Senhu Wang, Cheng Cheng

{"title":"Opportunity or Exploitation? A Longitudinal Dyadic Analysis of Flexible Working Arrangements and Gender Household Labor Inequality","authors":"Senhu Wang, Cheng Cheng","doi":"10.1093/sf/soad125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad125","url":null,"abstract":"It has been extensively debated over whether the rise of flexible working arrangements (FWAs) may be an “opportunity” for a more egalitarian gender division of household labor or reinforce the “exploitation” of women in the traditional gender division. Drawing on a linked-lives perspective, this study contributes to the literature by using longitudinal couple-level dyadic data in the UK (2010–2020) to examine how couple-level arrangements of flexible working affect within-couple inequality in time and different types of household labor. The results show that among heterosexual couples, women’s use of FWAs significantly intensifies their disproportionate share of housework and maintains their heavy childcare burden regardless of whether their husbands use FWAs. In contrast, men’s use of FWAs does not change the unequal gendered division of housework and childcare, even when their wives do not use any FWAs. These patterns of intensified gender inequalities are more pronounced in routine housework tasks (e.g., cooking, washing, and cleaning), and among the reduced hours and teleworking arrangements. Overall, rather than providing an “opportunity” for a more egalitarian division of household labor, the use of FWAs maintains or even exacerbates the “exploitation” of women under the existing traditional gender norms.","PeriodicalId":48400,"journal":{"name":"Social Forces","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of “Migration, Health, and Inequalities: Critical Activist Research Across Ecuadorean Borders” 审查"移徙、健康和不平等:跨厄瓜多尔边界的关键活动家研究"

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad122

Heather Randell

引用次数: 0

Review of “Good News for Common Goods: Multicultural Evangelicalism and Ethical Democracy in America” 《共同利益的好消息:美国的多元文化福音主义与伦理民主》述评

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad115

Richard L Wood

引用次数: 0

The Meaning of Merit: Talent versus Hard Work Legitimacy 优点的意义:天赋与努力的合法性

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad131

Sam Friedman, Christoph Ellersgaard, Aaron Reeves, Anton Grau Larsen

{"title":"The Meaning of Merit: Talent versus Hard Work Legitimacy","authors":"Sam Friedman, Christoph Ellersgaard, Aaron Reeves, Anton Grau Larsen","doi":"10.1093/sf/soad131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad131","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Elites often use merit to explain, justify, and make sense of their advantaged positions. But what exactly do they mean by this? In this paper, we draw on 71 interviews with elites in Denmark and the UK to compare self-justifications of meritocratic legitimacy. Our results indicate that while elites in both countries are united by a common concern to frame their merits as spontaneously recognized by others (rather than strategically promoted by themselves), the package of attributes they foreground vary significantly. In the UK, elites tend to be “talent meritocrats” who foreground their unique capacity for ideational creativity or risk taking, innately good judgment, and “natural” aptitude, intelligence, or academic ability. In contrast, in Denmark, elites are more likely to be “hard work meritocrats” who emphasize their unusual work ethic, extensive experience (as a signal of accumulated hard work), and contributions outside of work, particularly in civil society. We tentatively argue that one explanation for this cross-national variation is the role that different channels of elite recruitment play in amplifying legitimate notions of merit. In the UK, for example, elite private schools act to nurture ideas of exceptionalism and natural talent, whereas in Denmark elite employers socialize the connection between hard work and success. These findings suggest that nationally specific understandings of merit can have quite different implications for the legitimation of inequality.","PeriodicalId":48400,"journal":{"name":"Social Forces","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Internal Displacement and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Ukraine in 2018 内部流离失所与主观幸福感:2018年乌克兰的案例

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad124

Brienna Perelli-Harris, Jane Zavisca, Nataliia Levchuk, Theodore P Gerber

{"title":"Internal Displacement and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Ukraine in 2018","authors":"Brienna Perelli-Harris, Jane Zavisca, Nataliia Levchuk, Theodore P Gerber","doi":"10.1093/sf/soad124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad124","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ukraine is currently experiencing the largest human displacement crisis in the world. However, armed conflict that started in 2014 had already displaced nearly 1.8 million people in Ukraine, resulting in the largest internally displaced population in Europe. Although ethnically and culturally similar to the local population, Ukrainian Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) encounter severe economic, housing, and social challenges, as well as residual trauma from violence. In this study we examine the extent to which the subjective well-being (SWB) of IDPs differs from locals who were not displaced. We explore whether the difference in subjective well-being between IDPs and locals is due to economic hardship, inadequate housing, and/or weak social support. Using a unique survey conducted in 2018 and OLS regression methods, we find a sizable gap in SWB between IDPs and locals. The gap shrinks after accounting for economic and housing status, and support from local networks. Measures of loss in housing and social networks additionally account for the gap. However, none of the factors we measure can account for the difference between locals and IDPs who reported only leaving due to violence, pointing to the enduring impact of trauma on SWB.","PeriodicalId":48400,"journal":{"name":"Social Forces","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of “Equal Partners? How Dual-Professional Couples Make Career, Relationship, and Family Decisions” 《平等伙伴?》双职工夫妇如何做出事业、关系和家庭的决定

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad121

Pamela J Smock

引用次数: 0

Hispanic Men’s Earnings Mobility Across Immigrant Generations: Estimates Using Tax Records 跨代移民的西班牙裔男性收入流动性:使用税收记录的估计

IF 4.8 1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad128

Andrés Villarreal, Christopher R Tamborini

{"title":"Hispanic Men’s Earnings Mobility Across Immigrant Generations: Estimates Using Tax Records","authors":"Andrés Villarreal, Christopher R Tamborini","doi":"10.1093/sf/soad128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad128","url":null,"abstract":"Whether immigrants and their descendants are catching up socioeconomically with the rest of society is a fundamental question in the study of immigrant assimilation. In this paper, we examine the progress that Hispanic immigrant men make catching up with the earnings of later-generation Whites across generations. We rely on data from multiple years of the Current Population Survey linked with individuals’ tax earnings. This unique dataset allows us to overcome some important limitations of previous studies that employ a synthetic generation approach in which individuals born approximately one generation earlier are used as proxies for actual parents. Our matching strategy also enables us to identify the exact third generation and evaluate the contribution of ethnic attrition to estimates of intergenerational mobility. Second-generation Hispanic men are found to experience lower mobility than later-generation Whites for most values of parental earnings. However, their lower mobility can be explained by their immigrant parents’ lower education levels. In contrast, third-generation Hispanic men experience lower mobility even after accounting for parental education and ethnic attrition. This finding is consistent with a stalling or reversal in the socioeconomic progress of Hispanics beyond the second generation.","PeriodicalId":48400,"journal":{"name":"Social Forces","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Health across the Early Life Course at the Intersection of Race, Skin Tone, and School Racial Context 种族、肤色和学校种族背景交叉影响下的早期生命历程中的心理健康

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad126

Taylor W Hargrove

{"title":"Mental Health across the Early Life Course at the Intersection of Race, Skin Tone, and School Racial Context","authors":"Taylor W Hargrove","doi":"10.1093/sf/soad126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prior research documents higher levels of depressive symptoms among Black Americans relative to Whites. Yet, we know less about the role of other dimensions of stratification (e.g., skin tone) in shaping mental health inequality between Black and White adults, and whether mental health trajectories by race and skin tone among Black adults are contingent upon social contexts in childhood and adolescence. To address these gaps, this study asks: (1) to what extent do self-identified race and interviewer-rated skin tone among Black respondents shape inequalities in depressive symptoms between Black and White Americans across ages 12–42? (2) Are trajectories of depressive symptoms by race and skin tone among Black respondents contingent on school racial contexts (e.g., school racial composition)? Using five waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and growth curve models, results suggest trajectories of depressive symptoms across ages 12–42 vary by race, school racial context, and skin tone among Black respondents. Specifically, Black students rated as having very dark, dark, and medium brown skin who attended high proportion Black schools in adolescence experienced lower levels of depressive symptoms than their White and light-skinned Black counterparts, particularly across the teen years and early 20s. Conversely, attending higher proportion White schools led to increases in depressive symptoms across earlier ages for Black students, particularly those who fell within the middle of the skin color continuum. Findings highlight competing advantages and disadvantages of navigating racialized spaces in childhood/adolescence for Black Americans of different skin tones.","PeriodicalId":48400,"journal":{"name":"Social Forces","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136343363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of “Hyperconnectivity and its Discontents” 《超连接及其不满》综述

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad114

Sara Schoonmaker

引用次数: 0

Review of “Making Moral Citizens: How Faith-based Organizers Use Vocation for Public Action” 《塑造道德公民:信仰组织者如何利用圣召进行公共行动》述评

1区社会学

Social Forces Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad116

Jonathan S Coley

引用次数: 0