Habitat International最新文献

{"title":"Evolution pattern and mechanism of rural areal functions in Xi'an metropolitan area, China","authors":"Xiaochen Wang ,&nbsp;Yansui Liu ,&nbsp;Yajing Shao ,&nbsp;Shunke Li","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metropolitan areas, which are considered the most dynamic regions for economic and social development, are undergoing intense evolution within their rural areas. However, few studies have comprehensively explored their functional evolution. This study employed multi-source data and multiple methods to measure the evolution characteristics and mechanism of rural areal functions (RAF) in Xi'an metropolitan area of China from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that these functions were significantly improved. The spatial pattern presents a multi-functional circle structure extending outward with “economic development, agricultural production, and ecological preservation” as the dominant functions, and emerged in urban-, rural-, and integration-oriented evolution patterns. The relationship among sub-functions become more coordinated, with shifting from an agriculture-centric to a multi-functional development model. Furthermore, it was observed that the external pull mechanism, internal push mechanism, and regulatory mechanism of policies and markets work collectively to drive functions' evolution. Finally, suggestions are proposed based on 3 types of evolution-oriented, to provide reference for other metropolitan rural areas even lagging villages to explore the development path and realize rural revitalization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of rural land transfer on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents and the implications: A perspective of land attachment","authors":"Zhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling Tan ,&nbsp;Lulu Qu ,&nbsp;Yurui Li ,&nbsp;Xi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, rural land transfer (RLT) is a common phenomenon with recurring characteristics. As the most populous country on Earth, China’s RLT affects the stability and sustainability of global food production. Studies to date examining RLT and subjective welfare changes among rural residents, and few studies have explored the perspective of middle-aged rural residents. This paper empirically explores the impact of land transfer out on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents using ordered probit regression models, based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data. The findings reveal that RLT has a significant negative impact on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents. Group regression tests based on household income structure and security ability show that land attachment is an important mechanism by which land transfer out affects the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents. The higher the intensity of dependence on the land, the more significant the inhibitory effect of land transfer out on living satisfaction. However, RLT has no significant effect on the living satisfaction of female middle-aged rural residents. Additionally, expanding social networks and use of the Internet to access more sources of information are conducive to mitigating the negative effect of land transfer out on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents. Lastly, the negative effect of land transfer out on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents is significant in the eastern district or the region with lower willingness to migrate. Overall, our research can offer ideas for understanding the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents and exploring the improving path of the social network size and Internet information channel use on the living satisfaction of middle-aged rural residents under the rural revitalization background. Further, it can provide scientific reference for rural land use management, land policy decisions related to land transfer out initiatives, and ultimately contributing to a well-structured approach towards rural revitalization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dwindling funds and increased responsibilities: Decentralization, unfunded mandates, and Harare's infrastructure crisis","authors":"Brandon Marc Finn ,&nbsp;Elmond Bandauko","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zimbabwe's capital city, Harare, faces severe infrastructural challenges. The city is presented with major constraints in its ability to adequately provide services for its growing population while losing essential streams of revenue required for infrastructural maintenance and development. This occurs in the context of the decentralization from the Zimbabwean national government to its cities. Cities like Harare are tasked with mandates to govern but are not provided the adequate financial means nor support to sustain their population or aging infrastructure. In this paper, we study this issue by conducting a broad literature review on decentralization and unfunded urban mandates, before narrowing our focus to decentralization and urban governance in sub-Saharan Africa. We then interrogate Harare as a case study, drawing on two rounds of interviews in 2015 and 2022 to identify key aspects of Harare's infrastructure crisis, which we tie to its unfunded mandates. We conducted 51 semi-structured expert interviews, and 4 extensive focus groups with a total of 32 people in order to revisit key themes that were prevalent during the first round of interviews. This was complemented by a review and analysis of national and city budgets and other relevant reports to demonstrate trends on revenue generation, capital expenditure and dynamics around intergovernmental fiscal transfers (IGFTs). We offer novel insights into Harare's infrastructure crisis, while also raising several urban financing and decentralization themes that are applicable from a global perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140551192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts and perspectives of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban-rural linkages in Rwanda","authors":"Ilija Gubić ,&nbsp;Manuel Wolff ,&nbsp;Andrew Kabera","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marketplaces are regarded as essential public spaces, providing not only access to fresh produce but also functioning as important social infrastructures. Marketplaces also strengthen urban-rural linkages, and their functioning is important for the livelihoods of urban and rural dwellers. However, many marketplaces closed down or had to adhere to various restrictions in response to the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak. This paper provides an assessment of the impacts and perspectives of the COVID-19 pandemic on urban-rural linkages in the Musanze District in Rwanda. In addition, the study presents policy measures in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic that the Government of Rwanda put in place in 2020 that impacted the urban-rural flow of people and goods, with severe implications for market vendors’ livelihoods. This paper also answers on how have COVID-19 related policy reactions in Rwanda influenced urban-rural linkages, learning from Musanze District. Combining research conducted at markets in the Musanze District before and during the COVID-19 pandemic movement restrictions, this paper provides recommendations on market infrastructure upgrades necessary for markets to become more resilient and better functioning in preparation for any new public health crisis occurring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140547066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the “conflict-coordination” theoretical model of regional land use transitions: Empirical evidence from the interconversion between cropland and rural settlements in the lower yellow river, China","authors":"Bailin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinhua Zhai ,&nbsp;Bingqian Zhai ,&nbsp;Yanbo Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The “conflict-coordination” theoretical model of regional land use transitions put forward by Long (2022) offers a fresh perspective for understanding the process of regional land use and the decision-making dynamics involved. However, being a novel theory, empirical evidence supporting this theoretical model is currently lacking. Consequently, this paper aims to validate the theoretical model using the lower Yellow River basin in China as a case study, focusing on the interconversion between cropland and rural settlements. The findings reveal that the rural land use transitions primarily manifest as an initial conversion of cropland to rural settlements, followed gradually by the reverse conversion of rural settlements back to cropland. The conversion of cropland to rural settlements prior to 2015 are regarded as the land use conflict phase, resulting in conflicts between construction departments and cropland protection departments, and deviation from national cropland protection goals. The conversion of rural settlements to cropland between 2015 and 2020 is regarded as the land use conflict-coordination phase, which mitigated pressure on cropland protection and resolved conflicts between the above-mentioned departments. The land use conflict phase was driven by socio-economic factors such as urbanization and rural economic development, whereas the land use conflict-coordination phase was primarily driven by cropland protection policies. This paper effectively elucidates the “conflict-coordination” theoretical model of regional land use transitions and provides a framework for evaluating rural land management policies in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The unseen population: Do we underestimate slum dwellers in cities of the Global South?","authors":"Julius H.P. Breuer ,&nbsp;John Friesen ,&nbsp;Hannes Taubenböck ,&nbsp;Michael Wurm ,&nbsp;Peter F. Pelz","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Sustainable development goals (SDG) aim for reducing poverty (SDG 1) and to upgrade all slums (SDG 11). The first indicator in SDG 11 describes the proportion of the urban population residing in slums. However, the currently available data is based on national estimates that follow globally varying methodologies and concepts. In this paper, a uniform approach is implemented to obtain slum population estimates in eight different cities from three continents. The approach relies on earth observation datasets on the spatial extent of the slums and one of the most accepted gridded population dataset: WorldPop. The results shed light on the distribution of population in slums around the world. Nevertheless, the question of the accuracy of these population numbers arises. Therefore, a broad range of literature data containing population counts is gathered for the cities investigated, for varying years and for different spatial scales. The literature data is compared to results obtained by the presented approach. The comparison yields a plausibility assessment for different cities, indicating varying levels of deviation. We find in all cities a clear bias in estimating the slum population - mostly underestimations -, even though some cities reveal a significantly better fit to the data. In conclusion, this study provides a methodology to systematically assess the accuracy of globally available datasets in the context of slums and thereby to highlight the large uncertainties which can empirically be observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524000560/pdfft?md5=b7f3ca7419877aafdbbaa01a555f4471&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524000560-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140543596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting the dynamics of the Istanbul real estate market with the Bayesian time-varying VAR model regarding housing affordability","authors":"İsmail Canöz ,&nbsp;Hakan Kalkavan","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dynamics that have led to the dramatic increase in the Istanbul housing market in recent years have revealed housing affordability concerns. Although the dynamics affecting housing market disruptions are generally attributed to demand and supply side factors, it is also necessary to take into account the macroeconomic factors causing this. We concordantly demonstrate the strong connections between the increase in housing prices and the dynamics affecting this increase by observing the recent developments in the Istanbul housing market. We then utilize a time-varying approach by transforming a linear model into a nonlinear model to investigate the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Afterward, we observe the impulse-response graphs. On the supply side, increases in construction costs and builders’ sales price expectations augment real housing prices. However, excessive borrowing by construction companies has a decreasing impact on prices. On the demand side, housing prices in Istanbul grow because mortgage interest rates decrease and housing sales to foreigners and refugee migration increase. In the macroeconomic sight, real exchange rate, inflation, growth rate, and money supply boosts enhance prices. At the same time, housing prices rise as long as the unemployment rate and policy interest decrease. While housing prices respond most to construction costs among supply and demand variables, they react to money supply among macroeconomic variables. Eventually, after all our findings, we recommend socioeconomic policies for housing affordability problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automating property valuation at the macro scale of suburban level: A multi-step method based on spatial imputation techniques, machine learning and deep learning","authors":"Peyman Jafary ,&nbsp;Davood Shojaei ,&nbsp;Abbas Rajabifard ,&nbsp;Tuan Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Property valuation research, evolving with Automated Valuation Models (AVMs) using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), encounters challenges in handling dynamic market conditions. While the market approach is a practical solution to complement the AVMs, it also suffers from different deficiencies, particularly in relying on subjective valuer judgment. In Australia's diverse real estate market, complete and up-to-date market data derived from recent transactions of the different property types within various suburbs can be crucial for valuers. However, accessing such data often comes at a high cost, and the availability of transaction data is limited, mainly when market analysis necessitates the consideration of property valuation across various property types and bedroom counts. Accordingly, this paper presents a novel multi-step method to estimate the median prices of different property types considering their bedroom counts at the suburban level in the Melbourne Metropolitan area to benefit valuers when adopting the market approach. Nine distinct and ensembled spatially-based imputation techniques of K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Weighted KNN, Weighted IDW, Weighted KNN-IDW, Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), RF-IDW-KNN and XGBoost-IDW-KNN are first employed to impute missing data on six market-related parameters obtained from the Real Estate Institute of Victoria (REIV). These parameters include median price (with no consideration of bedroom counts), price change, median rent, rental yield, clearance rate and days on market for houses and units. Next, based on these parameters, three ML algorithms—RF, Support Vector Regression (SVR) and XGBoost—are developed to estimate the median prices. Subsequently, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) technique is employed for Deep Learning (DL)-based spatiotemporal analysis, clustering suburbs based on property value fluctuations. Finally, these clusters are integrated into the ML models developed in the previous step as an auxiliary feature to assess their potential impact on enhancing price estimation accuracy. The results demonstrate promising accuracies for different property types based on different performance assessment metrics. The paper also underscores improved estimation accuracy by incorporating time series-based clustering as a supplementary parameter through transfer learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524000754/pdfft?md5=0d27c0f519df31d1deb1685060896018&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524000754-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140540208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land finance and urban Sprawl: Evidence from prefecture-level cities in China","authors":"Binbin Yu ,&nbsp;Xinru Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Local government dependence on land finance (LDF) is a relevant cause of urban sprawl (URBS) in China. This study analyses the theoretical mechanism of how the financing of land influences URBS from three aspects of land, economy and population. Night-time light data (NTLD) is then used to construct URBS indicators, after which the mechanism and spatial spillover effect of LDF on URBS is empirically tested by using both Chinese urban data and the Dynamic Spatial Durbin model (SDM). The results indicate that: (1) LDF has both a significant positive direct impact and a spatial spillover effect on URBS, indicating that an increase in LDF revenue in a region can significantly promote the URBS in that region. At the same time, the URBS expansion degree of adjacent areas will also be affected by an increase in local land fiscal revenue, with the effect more prominent in the short term than in the long term. This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests. (2) From the perspective of land sprawl, economic sprawl and population sprawl, it is found that there are obvious differences in the effect of LDF on the path of URBS. LDF can significantly promote urban land sprawl, especially industrial land sprawl. LDF effectively inhibits urban economic sprawl, in large part, because LDF brings with it both diseconomies of scale and a technology restraint effect to economic sprawl which is stronger than either the scale economy effect or the industrial agglomeration effect. The effect of LDF on population spread is not obvious. The above research conclusions provide significant policy implications for how land finance can effectively support urban construction and optimise local government financial structure and urban spatial layout.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140535045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the long-term evolution of traditional village tourism destinations from a glocalisation perspective: A case study of Wuzhen in Zhejiang province, China","authors":"Yan Xu ,&nbsp;Lin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the importance of glocalisation for developing tourism destinations has long been recognised, there needs to be more research on the dynamics of its emergence and developmental changes. Taking Wuzhen, a historical village in China, as an example, using semi-structured interviews from three field surveys and historical archives as data sources and combining tourism history and the critical event technique method, this paper applies qualitative research to analyse the process of glocalisation practice in Wuzhen. It is found that glocalisation is a basic fact that objectively exists in the development process of Wuzhen. At different stages of development, Wuzhen has actively faced the influence of globalisation in different attitudes. Organising and hosting international conferences and exhibitions has been a guide for Wuzhen to overcome the homogenisation crisis. The theoretical research contribution of this paper is to provide an example to test the applicability of the glocalisation theory in the field of tourism destination evolution research and to expand the theoretical boundaries of tourism destination evolution research further. The practical research contribution is to help people understand and know Wuzhen comprehensively, thus providing a reference for the transformation and development of historic villages and towns in globalisation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140535046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}