Habitat International最新文献

{"title":"The effect and its mechanism of turning county (county-level city) into urban district on the economic development in regions with lagging urbanization: Evidence from Northeast and Southwest China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Does the County to Urban District (CTD) and the County-level City to Urban District (CLTD) policy, uniformly promote economic growth across regions with lagging urbanization? This study utilizes panel data from 74 counties (county-level cities) in Southwest and Northeast China, covering the period from 2006 to 2022. It assesses the influence of the CTD and CLTD on urban economic development by conducting a comparative analysis between provincial and non-provincial capital cities. Results indicate that: (1) Both the CTD and CLTD not only stimulate economic development in most cities in regions with lagging urbanization, but also yield diverse effects across different regions. (2) The economic impact of CTD and CLTD is more pronounced in Northeast China, where the average \"treatment effect\" reaches 0.553, compared to an average \"treatment effect\" of 0.267 in Southwest China, making the treatment effect value in Northeast China is twice that of Southwest China. The growth rate of urban economies typically stabilizes or declines after a specific number of years following policy implementation, indicating short-term shocks in the influence of CTD and CLTD on economic growth. (3) The CTD and CLTD have a strong promotional effect on the economic development of provincial capital cities, with a stronger growth effect compared to municipal districts in non-provincial capital cities. For instance, the peak value of the policy dynamic effect in JiuTai District is as high as 1.004, while that in JiangChuan District is only 0.333. (4) The influence of CTD and CLTD on economic development can be attributed to four factors: policy, infrastructure, industry, and investment. These factors encompass an increase in fiscal revenue and fixed asset investment, enhancement of industrial capabilities, and improvement of employment and education levels, thereby promoting sustainable urbanization development continuously at the habitat level.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of rural settlements and its influencing mechanism in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Inner Mongolia from a production-living-ecology perspective","authors":"Yafeng Zou ,&nbsp;Yufei Rao ,&nbsp;Feng Luo ,&nbsp;Chengfeng Yi ,&nbsp;Pingping Du ,&nbsp;Haiying Liu ,&nbsp;Pinqi Wu ,&nbsp;Yan Song ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Revealing the evolutionary characteristics of rural settlements and the influencing mechanism bears significant implications for rural restructuring and revitalization. However, existing studies have paid inadequate attention to the farming-pastoral ecotone, with a limited exploration of the influencing mechanism from a production-living-ecology perspective. Taking Wuchuan County as a case, this paper reveals that the evolution of rural settlements is slow and the overall area of rural settlements decreases slightly. This is attributed to severe rural population loss and the challenges in rural homesteads withdrawal, stemming from the prevalent phenomenon of rural-urban circular migration driven by the villagers' pursuit of a better life. The conversion scale between rural settlements and non-irrigated farmland is larger than that between rural settlements and other land, and the rural settlements exhibit an expansion trend in urban fringe due to the ecological relocation projects carried by local government. Random distribution of rural settlements in the farming-pastoral ecotone occurs as a result of the huge per capita land area coupled with the proximity of agricultural cultivation and grazing. Although the spatial pattern of rural settlements in some villages has evolved towards clustered distribution, the issue of dispersed distribution of rural settlements remains prominent. The evolutionary states of rural settlements are jointly influenced by production convenience of agriculture and animal husbandry, living needs of education, medical care and transportation, and ecological environment. Given that the irrational states produce negative impacts on the rural production-living-ecology coordinated development, the proactive responses from policy makers are imperative to guide the evolution of rural settlements towards enhanced production efficiency, improved living standards and ecological aesthetics. This study contributes to uncovering the specific characteristics of rural settlements' evolution within the farming-pastoral ecotone and introduces a novel analytical framework for understanding its influencing mechanism. It provides a scientific guidance for optimizing rural settlements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practices for rural population aging in China: Land-based pension","authors":"Yuanzhi Guo ,&nbsp;Jieyong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent decades, rural China is aging rapidly. Population aging implies that people's role in economic activities is transforming from \"producer-consumer\" to \"consumer-producer\". Coupled with the weakening of intergenerational relationships and the disintegration of the intergenerational division of labor caused by demographic transition, inefficient land use is common in rural China, making it difficult to sustain the traditional family pension model based on the land. Promoted by land system reform, the practice of land-based pension based on \"the separation of the three rights\" of the land has solved the problem of labor shortage in agricultural production through the introduction of market mechanisms, and reshaped rural human-land relationship. Meanwhile, it revitalizes rural land resources through the assetization and capitalization of land resources, meeting the increasingly transformed and upgraded pension demands of rural elderly. The case study of Lüyi Town in Shandong Province shows that land-based pension has increased the livelihood capital of rural elderly, improved their living conditions, and effectively solved the problem of rural pension while promoting agricultural and rural modernization. As an important supplement to the existing rural pension system, the practice of land-based pension is an exploration of a positive response to rural population ageing, and can be promoted through systematic institutional design in some of the economically better-off regions of China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141583270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive evolution and dynamic mechanism of resort socioecological system in tourism cities: The case of Qinhuangdao, China","authors":"Caixia Gao ,&nbsp;Siyou Xia ,&nbsp;Jiaming Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Tao ,&nbsp;Zehui Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Resort socioecological systems (SESs) have changed significantly worldwide because of rapid urbanisation and tourism development. Exploring the dynamics and driving mechanisms of resort SES at different stages is beneficial for understanding urban adaption to future pressure, creating elaborate strategies for tourism innovation, and achieving sustainable resort development. Therefore, this study proposed the Adaptive-TALC model as a novel analytical framework for resort evolution, using Qinhuangdao Resort as an empirical case study. The results revealed that 1) from 1979 to 2023, Qinhuangdao tourism resort had been gradually transformed from a simple socioecological system based on natural resource utilization to a complex adaptive system integrating natural and human resource utilization, 2) governance systems played a pivotal role in resort evolution, and business utilized digital technology to innovate resort products, thereby accelerating system renewal and reorganisation, and 3) within the context of panarchy, Aranya's holiday products serve as a model for local businesses to improve and innovate their products and ultimately promote Qinhuangdao's sustainable development. This study contributes to theories of tourist destination evolution by providing a novel framework for the cognition of the tourism resource sustainable utilization in resorts and provides insights into innovative approaches such as nature-cultural hybrid solutions, adaptive urban planning, and digital tourism, enabling tourism cities to enhance their adaption and mitigate potential risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fluctuating mosaic of socio-spatial inequalities in central Pyongyang under the pressures of marketization","authors":"Pavel P. Em ,&nbsp;Alexander V. Sheludkov","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>North Korea is one of the world's remaining totalitarian states. Nevertheless, marketization, despite officially being banned, rapidly developed and metamorphosed local society following the severe economic crisis of the mid-1990s. This article examines the transformation of central Pyongyang after 2000 through the lens of socio-spatial inequalities using residential housing as a key criterion. Utilizing historical satellite images, we accurately mapped and traced the evolution of housing stock in central Pyongyang over the past two decades. The coexistence of the market and the legacy of the state's welfare system was found to have kept the slums, quasi-slums and a nomenklatura gated community geographically distinct and socially homogeneous. In contrast, in other parts of central Pyongyang, the active pursuit of middle-size and high-rise residential development, taking forms of housing renovations, redevelopments of industrial sites, and infill development, have rapidly expanded and verticalized the residential urban fabric while intensifying a spatial intermixture of different socio-economic groups. In short, marketization was powerful enough to transform the urban landscape and the patterns of socio-spatial inequality in Pyongyang despite the numerous institutional and administrative barriers that have maintained socio-spatial distance between those at the very top and the very bottom.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Place attachment, regional identity and perceptions of urbanization in Moshi, Tanzania","authors":"Stephan Schmidt ,&nbsp;Said Nuhu ,&nbsp;Ryan Thomas ,&nbsp;Wenzheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In rural areas on the peri-urban fringe of rapidly expanding African cities, urbanization can be interpreted and conceived as an unwelcome change threatening traditional ways of life and personal and community cultural identity of rural areas with customary land tenure arrangements and generally ethnically homogenous populations. In this paper, we examine the relationship between place attachment and residents' perceptions of various aspects of urban life, using Moshi, Tanzania, located in a region long identified with the Chagga people, as a case study. We utilize a survey of approximately 700 respondents, stratified by location, and use principal component analysis to construct variables for place attachment, perceptions of cities, and perceived risks associated with urbanization. Utilizing stepwise regression techniques, we find that there was a significant decrease in levels of place attachment between rural, per-urban, and urban locations. We also find that residents who associate the city with more negative characteristics report higher levels of place attachment. This suggests that urbanization is perceived as a threat to people's sense of place. Finally, we find that place attachment is positively associated with age, while being Chagga, owning land, and being native to the area are associated with greater levels of place attachment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-led versus market-led: How institutional arrangements impact collaborative governance in participatory urban regeneration in China","authors":"Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Wen Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Both state-led and market-led institutional arrangements have been experimented in China to form collaborative governance among diverse stakeholders in participatory urban regeneration. Relatively less is known about how institutional arrangements as structural constraints impact the formation of collaborative governance. Building upon Giddens' structuration theory and collaborative governance theory, this paper develops a novel framework that converges on the reciprocity between structural and agency elements and applies it to two residential regeneration cases in Shenzhen. The findings reveal that in residential regeneration, the state-led institutional structure has a greater capacity than the market-led structure to create relational links for community participation. Various factors, including variations in land property rights, path dependencies and institutional certainties, explain the findings. The formation of collaborative governance relies on the shaping effect of structural elements on agents' behaviors in institutional design, including not only well-designed rules to regulate sanctions, constitute common meaning and allocate resources proportionally to actors' responsibilities, but also premium-allocated resources in accordance with stakeholders’ responsibilities. These findings contribute to a better understanding of collaborative governance and help improve participatory urban regeneration policymaking in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141486446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do college graduates serving as village officials help mitigate income inequality within village?","authors":"Wenrong Qian ,&nbsp;Erga Luo ,&nbsp;Si Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Han ,&nbsp;Jinkai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China has made the remarkable achievements in poverty alleviation, but there remains a great challenge to effectively support disadvantaged farmers and mitigate income inequality. The policy of College Graduates Serving as Village Officials (CGVOs), through which reallocates the high-quality talents mostly from large and medium cities to villages, has not received the deserved attention. In this study, we construct the theoretical framework about how CGVOs mitigate Income Inequality within Village (IIV). With a nationally representative panel data, we use Difference in Difference estimator and identify the impact of CGVOs. Main findings are as follows: (1) CGVOs can help mitigate IIV, mainly reflected in increasing farmers' operating income, property income, and transfer income and targeting the disadvantaged farmers. (2) CGVOs play an important role in optimizing production factor allocation, obtaining external resource support, improving the governance transparency, and increasing farmers' access to public service. (3) CGVOs' functions tend to vary in regional endowments and village secretary's characteristics. Finally, we put forward policy suggestions about how to fully utilize CGVOs' roles, which would shed light on village development in other developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimaging owner-built housing in the free state, South Africa","authors":"Nolwazi M.R. Qumbisa ,&nbsp;Fidelis A. Emuze ,&nbsp;John Smallwood","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In South Africa, the state provides low-income housing through subsidies to construct starter homes; however, the effort is insufficient to meet the country's housing demand. Another form of public or subsidised housing provision is the self-help housing model. The extent of the impact of the self-help model is not well reported. To close this gap, this article reports on a study expedited to assess whether the self-help housing model could be revitalised to curb the proliferation of informal settlements, especially in the central region of South Africa. The qualitative research aimed to suggest strategies to increase the use of the self-help housing model in the region. The qualitative (textual) data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions before they were subjected to thematic analysis. The study revealed that challenges encumber the self-help model of housing delivery, although the beneficiaries prefer it because of their involvement in the projects, which leads to bigger units and user satisfaction. The study concludes that the self-help housing policy used in South Africa requires revision to increase the scale of implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001309/pdfft?md5=384cd1877a4991794e7f8c25af0af351&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001309-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inventory land era and transformation of China's urban regeneration: An empirical study of Chengdu Hi-Tech West District, China","authors":"Haifeng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the past, under the GDP-centered promotion tournament, the growth coalition theory was often used to explain commercial and residential district regeneration in China, which was property-led and profit-driven. However, currently, due to the new domestic and international environment, China is undergoing an unprecedented and profound transformation and entering the inventory land era, leading to significant changes in the assessment system for local officials. Specifically, the new assessment system incorporates a diverse array of indicators beyond mere economic growth, signifying a transition from a GDP-centered to a multi-objective promotion tournament. Consequently, in this new context, the traditional growth coalition is no longer sufficient to theorize current urban regeneration. Additionally, industrial district regeneration, the mechanism of which may differ from commercial and residential district regeneration, was often neglected before and requires further investigation. Through the case study of Chengdu Hi-tech West District, this study explores the transformation of Chinese urban regeneration in this new era. It argues that China's governmental assessment system has adjusted by dismantling the previous promotion tournament model based on economic growth in the new era. Under the multi-objective promotion tournament, local officials now consider other aspects in addition to economic growth. For them, IDR has been treated as an effective approach to protecting cropland, undertaking new enterprises with limited space, and becoming the flagship in promoting economical and intensive land use, all of which are of great concern to the central government. Therefore, local officials are keen on industrial district regeneration now, even though it does not yield direct and immediate economic benefits. In this process, they mobilize other actors and leverage key resources to achieve and balance their multiple goals. Accordingly, the traditional growth coalition is declining, while a new kind of coalition based on high-quality development is emerging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001334/pdfft?md5=9632e93002a9fa8b4f628084a46311d6&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001334-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}