Habitat International最新文献

{"title":"The effectiveness of voluntary collective action in China's rural land development","authors":"Lin Zhou ,&nbsp;Walter Timo de Vries ,&nbsp;Guancheng Guo ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Chenyu Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China is gradually and directly making rural collective land available on the land market. It is important to understand how stakeholders collectively treat and manage this land, and if this collective action leads to effective and sustainable results. This paper, however, revises Ostrom's framework of collective action by constructing the joint analysis of social capital, trust, and cooperation performance, in order to better capture the distinction between voluntary action and enforced action of stakeholders towards a sustainable goal. We analyze the role of voluntary collective action through higher-order structural equation modeling (HSEM), applied to a database consisting of 324 households in Jiangsu Province, China, collected in 2022 and 2023. The results suggest that social capital effectively promotes villagers' trust in policy implementers by establishing new institutions, increasing actors' trustworthiness, and improving channels of information exchange, and the first two means are more effective than the latter. We also demonstrate the significant positive effect of trust on cooperation performance, with trusting relationships with familiar groups and the credible behavior of policy implementers affecting performance outcomes of collective action. Moreover, social capital drives cooperation performance through the mediating effect of mutual trust that it breeds. With this revised framework and verified hypotheses one can thus create more effective policies to avoid inequality and informality in the land marketization process in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001218/pdfft?md5=d1358e6bc1695b2d68fc949ffda6b1f8&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001218-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faith, policy, and suicide: A Machine learning and spatial analysis approach of religious affiliation and suicide rates in Toronto","authors":"Eric Vaz ,&nbsp;Bruno Damásio ,&nbsp;Michael Cusimano","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research employs spatial analysis to investigate the intricate relationship between religious affiliations and suicide rates in the Greater Golden Horseshoe region of southern Ontario, Canada. As the seventh-leading cause of death in Canada, suicide necessitates targeted prevention strategies, especially in areas with lower suicide rates such as Ontario. To explore spatial patterns of suicide attempts and intentional self-inflicted injuries, individual-level data is collected and generalized to the census tract for rigorous spatial analyses.</p><p>Self-Organizing Maps are utilized to build distinct regional clusters based on shared characteristics. These clusters unveil diverse combinations of suicide counts, religious affiliations, income levels, education levels, and immigrant populations, providing comprehensive insights into the multicultural composition of the area.</p><p>The study findings reveal specific spatial patterns of suicide attempts associated with particular religious affiliations, shedding new light on the influence of faith and spirituality on mental health outcomes within the context of suicide prevention. The analysis underscores the importance of a nuanced understanding of these factors to guide effective suicide prevention interventions.</p><p>Considering the spatial distribution of religious affiliations and suicide rates, this study offers valuable guidance for targeted and culturally sensitive suicide prevention efforts in the Greater Golden Horseshoe region and other similar urban landscapes. The implications of this research extend to the broader mental health field and emphasize the significance of accounting for sociocultural dimensions in devising evidence-based interventions to mitigate suicide effectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban expansion and vegetation dynamics: The role of protected areas in preventing vegetation loss in a growing mega city","authors":"Shahfahad ,&nbsp;Swapan Talukdar ,&nbsp;Mohd Waseem Naikoo ,&nbsp;Atiqur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The decrease in vegetation cover due to urban expansion poses serious challenge to urban sustainability. Protected areas (PAs) are the most effective tools to prevent the loss of urban vegetation cover and to control urban expansion. Hence, this study aims to assess the importance of PAs in protecting urban vegetation and the urban expansion in the mega city of Delhi. For this, Landsat datasets were used for land use and land cover (LULC) mapping and then land cover change rate (LCCR) and land cover intensity (LCI) were calculated. For assessing urban expansion dynamics, mean landscape expansion index (MLEI) and the area-weighted LEI (AWLEI) were calculated. To evaluate the significance of PAs in protecting vegetation cover, kernel density estimation (KDE) was applied to assess the spatial variation and concentration of vegetation cover under different PAs. The result shows that urban expansion in Delhi was initially characterized by edge expansion during 1991–2001, followed by outlying expansion of built-up area during 2001–2021, while infilling of open and vegetated areas by built-up area was consistent during 1991–2021. Vegetation cover on the other hand, has followed a fluctuating trend in the city, but has overall it has declined from 13.36% to 9.30% during 1991–2021. The vegetation cover has declined significantly in eastern, northern, and western parts of Delhi but has increased significantly in central and southern parts, especially during 2001–21. This is because the central and southern parts of Delhi are well planned and have several PAs while the western, northern, and eastern parts of Delhi are unplanned regions and have only a few PAs. The KDE chart shows that the PAs have played an important role in protecting the vegetation cover in Delhi with R² value &gt; 0.70. Hence, this study suggests to give special emphasis on preservation and expansion of PAs in urban planning for the long-term conservation of urban vegetation cover and sustainable urban development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State interests or local interests? An investigation of Chinese prefectural-level cities’ behaviour in response to national policy implementation","authors":"Eddie Chi-man Hui ,&nbsp;Ka-hung Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Through a study of the behaviour of already debt-ridden local governments in response to the Made in China 2025 policy, this paper explores whether local governments prioritized State interests over local interests, when their financial involvement was required. Deploying a panel data analysis for more than 280 prefectural-level cities, this paper finds that, despite having been subject to an “Administrative Subcontract” arrangement under which the Central Government appoints top local officials, local economic/debt interests were prioritized over national policy implementation under fiscal decentralization. Instead of promoting infrastructure development, the Made in China 2025 policy provided an opportunity for local governments to raise capital via Local Government Financing Vehicles (LGFV) primarily for debt refinancing, despite the State's numerous attempts to control the growth of local government/LGFV debt. Some policy implications concerning i) the effectiveness of national policy implementation on local levels under “Administrative Subcontract” and ii) the debt situations of prefectural-level Chinese cities and their effects on China's economy in general are then discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural spatial restructuring in suburbs under capital intervention: Spatial construction based on nature","authors":"Simeng Li ,&nbsp;Ren Yang ,&nbsp;Hualou Long ,&nbsp;Yuancheng Lin ,&nbsp;Yusi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid urbanization and consumerization are leading to significant transformation and spatial restructuring in the rural areas of China's suburbs. Promoting the commodification of rural nature with capital has become an important strategy for rural spatial restructuring. However, the research on how capital reshapes rural space from the perspective of rural nature is still insufficient. Based on the theoretical perspective of nature commodification, this study constructs a framework to analyze the relationship between rural nature and rural spatial restructuring. Taking Nanping Meditation Town in Guangzhou as a typical case, it discusses the process and mechanism of rural spatial restructuring in suburbs relying on the commodification of rural nature with capital’s intervention. The results show that: (1) Driven by China’s process of counter-urbanization and consumerism, capital constructs rural nature in suburbs by giving meaning to it. Diversified capitals promote the multi-functionalization, networking, and commodification of material, social, and cultural spaces in the countryside through the process of redistribution of urban and rural resources. At the same time, along with the spatial games of pluralistic subjects, the material, social, and cultural spaces further interact with each other and constantly undergo reconstruction. (2) The commodification of rural nature is an external response and a crucial strategy of rural spatial restructuring. It offers a new approach to enhance the value of the countryside. Rural nature is commodified through resources integration and value excavation, product planning and design, brand promotion and marketing under the influence of various capital entities. This process holds significant theoretical and practical importance for the endogenous development and revitalization of rural areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Destigmatizing urban villages by examining their attractiveness: Quantification evidence from Shenzhen","authors":"Jin Rui ,&nbsp;Yuhan Xu ,&nbsp;Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While existing social and political research has qualitatively discussed the stigmatization of urban villages (UVs), there's a lack of quantitative support. This study innovatively attempts to provide quantitative evidence, employing a spatial perspective for the destigmatization of UVs. We integrated population trajectory, GDP data, employment and residential points of interest, and developed a spatial gravity model to derive the spatial attractiveness index. Concurrently, we selected environmental, spatial structure, and housing economic indicators to construct a regression analysis. Our findings revealed that urban villagers exhibit a preference for shorter daily commutes, underscoring the positive role of UVs in promoting job-housing balance and providing diverse services. The high-frequency mobility of villagers accelerates the categorization of UVs and enhances intra-area circulation. We further discussed the interaction between UV renewal and its destigmatization. To counter spatial stigmatization, enhancing the spatial quality and infrastructure of UVs, as well as promoting diversified land use can reduce the public's stereotypical impressions. Moreover, prioritizing affordable housing and equitable distribution of facilities, along with fostering synergies between urban capital and UVs, can facilitate the destigmatization process. Stigmatization in informal settlements is a widespread issue. Our quantitative approaches, as well as targeted renovation and policy recommendations, can serve as a blueprint for addressing similar challenges in informal settlements globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001206/pdfft?md5=4fd1c85897dcfbfd81f9654f02c3c061&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001206-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141314387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counterurbanisation in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales, 2016-21","authors":"Neil Argent ,&nbsp;Paul Plummer","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of a secular decline in internal migration across more developed nations, this paper examines the degree of counterurbanisation in New South Wales – Australia's most populous state – for 2016-21, a period that included the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a nuanced demarcation of ‘metropolitan’ and ‘non-metropolitan’, the paper investigates how genuinely counter-urban and pro-rural these movements are. The paper also explores the role of rural amenity as a ‘pull’ factor on city populations, using the most influential elements of the rural environment that best predict in-, out-migration and net-migration flows as separate measures rather than combine them into an index of composite variables. The results suggest that counterurbanisation exists as a particular migration current in NSW, though the spatial patterning of in- and net migration rates suggests that exurbanisation and displaced urbanisation more accurately describe and explain the vast majority of moves. Relatively high in- and net migration rates recorded in the most remote local government areas also suggest an element of anti-urbanisation, perhaps in response to the COVID-19 public health measures. Spatial regression modelling of selected amenity indicators against in-, out- and net migration produced high coefficients (Spearman's rho) for the in- and out-migration models, while the net migration model registered coefficients about half the size of the other two models. Two indicators – median slope and tourism employment – were strong and statistically significant influences over the in- and net migration models, and in the direction hypothesised. These results suggest that counterurbanisation is substantially influenced by the presence of landscapes of varied relief and with some tourism attraction potential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141303130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding counter-urbanization and re-urbanization in pandemic: Insights from People's migration behavior in China","authors":"Dapeng Zhang,&nbsp;Zhang Yiwen,&nbsp;Guangshuai Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the drivers behind migration from larger to smaller cities and from urban to rural areas (counter-urbanization), along with the reverse migration (re-urbanization) during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing a retrospective survey of 1000 respondents across China from January 2020 to April 2023, we explored how pandemic-related factors influenced migration behaviors. A theoretical framework integrating push-pull, risk perception, and human capital theories was developed. Boxplot visualization was used to examine the motivations for counter-urbanization during the pandemic, and regression models were applied to identify the complex factors driving both counter-urbanization and re-urbanization. Key findings reveal that pandemic-induced insecurity and perceptions of the strictness and effectiveness of virus prevention measures significantly influenced migration decisions. Notably, land ownership in rural hometowns served as a crucial \"safety net\" for rural populations, affecting their migration decisions. This study differentiates between migration types: urban-to-rural versus larger-to-smaller cities, and compares the driving factors behind both processes. By focusing on both counter-urbanization and re-urbanization, this research highlights the interplay of psychological, policy, and economic factors that shape migration patterns in the context of public health crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141289905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who's afraid of pedestrianisation? Residents' perceptions and preferences on street transformation","authors":"Samuel Nello-Deakin ,&nbsp;Candela Sancho Vallvé ,&nbsp;Zeynep Sila Akinci","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While urban pedestrianisation schemes typically attract vociferous opposition, it is often unclear whether these negative views are representative of the general population. For this reason, understanding how residents perceive the impacts of such schemes is critical to their evaluation. To this aim, this article assesses residents' perceptions and preferences regarding the pedestrianisation of multiple streets in the Eixample district of Barcelona in recent years, through a representative survey of the district's residents (n = 1211). Our research examines how residents' views on pedestrianisation vary depending on their mobility habits, sociodemographic background, and the level of traffic calming of the street they live on. Our results show that most respondents (66%) consider that the impacts of existing pedestrianisations have been positive regardless of whether they live on a pedestrianised street or not, even though residents of recently pedestrianised streets are more positive than those living on other streets. At the same time, many residents of pedestrianised streets consider that the benefits of reduced traffic externalities may be partially counterbalanced by new problems caused by an intensive use of public space (e.g. noise from people and cafes, touristification, nightlife). Our results also show that there is a strong relationship between support for pedestrianisation, age and mobility habits: daily car and motorbike users are much less supportive of pedestrianisation than public transport users and cyclists, while support for pedestrianisation decreases markedly with advancing age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001176/pdfft?md5=76297fb356c72724a3aa85836a7cd9e2&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001176-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying counter-urbanisation using Facebook's user count data","authors":"Qianwen Duan ,&nbsp;Jessica Steele ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Eimear Cleary ,&nbsp;Nick Ruktanonchai ,&nbsp;Hal Voepel ,&nbsp;Tim O'Riordan ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Tatem ,&nbsp;Alessandro Sorichetta ,&nbsp;Shengjie Lai ,&nbsp;Felix Eigenbrod","doi":"10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying the growing widespread phenomenon of counter-urbanisation, where people relocate from urban centres to rural areas, is essential for understanding the social and ecological consequences of the associated changes. However, its nuanced dynamics and complex characteristics pose challenges for quantitative analysis. Here, we used near real-time Facebook user count data for Belgium and Thailand, with missing data imputed, and applied the Seasonal-Trend decomposition using Loess (STL) model to capture subtle urban and rural population dynamics and assess counter-urbanisation. We identified counter-urbanisation in both Belgium and Thailand, evidenced by increases of 1.80% and 2.14% in rural residents (night-time user counts) and decreases of 3.08% and 5.04% in urban centre night-time user counts from March 2020 to May 2022, respectively. However, the counter-urbanisation in Thailand appears to be transitory, with rural users beginning to decline during both day and night as COVID-19 restrictions were lifted. By contrast, in Belgium, at the country level, there is as yet no evidence of a return to urban residences, though daytime numbers in rural areas are decreasing and in urban centres are increasing, suggesting an increase in commuting post-pandemic. These variation characteristics observed both between Belgium and Thailand and between day and night, extend the current understanding of counter-urbanisation. The use of novel social media data provides an effective quantitative perspective to comprehend counter-urbanisation in different settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48376,"journal":{"name":"Habitat International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197397524001139/pdfft?md5=27e50518c38e1af67b61bcaaf36795d7&pid=1-s2.0-S0197397524001139-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}