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White Racial Solidarity and Opposition to American Democracy 白人种族团结与反对美国民主
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211069730
Ashley Jardina, R. Mickey
{"title":"White Racial Solidarity and Opposition to American Democracy","authors":"Ashley Jardina, R. Mickey","doi":"10.1177/00027162211069730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211069730","url":null,"abstract":"Political observers have expressed concern about the failure of some Americans to uphold democratic principles. We argue that support for antidemocratic authoritarian governance is associated with some whites’ psychological attachment to their racial group and a desire to maintain their group’s power and status in the face of multiracial democracy. Drawing on historical work, we posit that whites’ efforts to restrict democracy are deeply rooted in America’s past; and we present empirical analysis demonstrating that today, whites with higher levels of racial solidarity are notably more supportive of authoritarian leadership than whites who do not possess a racial group consciousness.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The Growing Rural-Urban Political Divide and Democratic Vulnerability 日益扩大的城乡政治鸿沟与民主脆弱性
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211070061
Suzanne Mettler, T. Brown
{"title":"The Growing Rural-Urban Political Divide and Democratic Vulnerability","authors":"Suzanne Mettler, T. Brown","doi":"10.1177/00027162211070061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211070061","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout American history and as recently as the early 1990s, each of the major political parties included both rural and some urban constituencies, but since then the nation has become deeply divided geographically. Rural areas have become increasingly dominated by the Republican Party and urban places by the Democratic Party. This growing rural-urban divide is fostering polarization and democratic vulnerability. We examine why this cleavage might endanger democracy, highlighting various mechanisms: the combination of long-standing political institutions that give extra leverage to sparsely populated places with a transformed party system in which one party dominates those places; growing social divergence between rural and urban areas that fosters “us” versus “them” dynamics; economic changes that make rural areas ripe for grievance politics; and party leaders willing to cater to such resentments. We present empirical evidence that this divide is threatening democracy and consider how it might be mitigated.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42410522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Democratic Vulnerabilities and Pathways for Reform 民主的弱点与改革之路
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162221077516
Suzanne Mettler, R. Lieberman, Jamila Michener, Thomas B. Pepinsky, Kenneth M. Roberts
{"title":"Democratic Vulnerabilities and Pathways for Reform","authors":"Suzanne Mettler, R. Lieberman, Jamila Michener, Thomas B. Pepinsky, Kenneth M. Roberts","doi":"10.1177/00027162221077516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221077516","url":null,"abstract":"A democracy is in trouble. even before the 2016 election, the united States had slipped in international democracy rankings, losing its long-held stature as a “full” democracy and joining the “flawed” democracies (economist Intelligence unit 2020; V-Dem Institute 2021). Scholars of democracy around the world have identified several key weaknesses in American democracy, such as an increasingly dysfunctional government and fraying social cohesion, that undermine the regime’s accountability and responsivness. For decades, political scientists have observed key threats to democracy that have been on the rise: political polarization; conflict—incited by racism and nativism—over the boundaries of American citizenship and the civic status of those in different social groups; soaring economic inequality; and executive aggrandizement (Mettler and Lieberman 2020). the confluence of these threats fueled the candidacy","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47091840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Can Black Lives Matter within U.S. Democracy? 黑人的生命在美国民主制度中重要吗？
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162221078340
M. Francis
{"title":"Can Black Lives Matter within U.S. Democracy?","authors":"M. Francis","doi":"10.1177/00027162221078340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221078340","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the impact of anti-Black state violence on U.S. democracy, tracing the history of that violence and how it has changed from the end of the nineteenth century to the present. I underscore the persistence of state violence against Black Americans, how it undercuts democratization, and how those dynamics provide a useful context for ongoing discussions about the imperfect development of democracy in the United States. I also explore the Black Lives Matter Movement’s (BLMM) emphasis on dismantling the criminal punishment system and the movement’s amplification of the voices of citizens who have often been excluded from the formal political process. I argue that by centering the issue of anti-Black violence, the BLMM is offering a transformative pathway to a more fully functional democracy.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47096761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
American Federalism, Political Inequality, and Democratic Erosion 美国联邦制、政治不平等与民主侵蚀
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211070885
J. Grumbach, Jamila Michener
{"title":"American Federalism, Political Inequality, and Democratic Erosion","authors":"J. Grumbach, Jamila Michener","doi":"10.1177/00027162211070885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211070885","url":null,"abstract":"The United States has a particularly decentralized form of federalism that provides important authority to multiple levels of government. This decentralization is typically seen as beneficial for democratic politics. But while federalism both constrains and enables democratic participation, we argue that it does so unevenly, and in ways that deepen inequalities in the processes of democracy. We propose four mechanisms by which the institutional decentralization of American federalism obstructs or reduces democratic accountability and equality: (1) inequality in venue selection, (2) information asymmetry, (3) an unequal exit threat, and (4) decentralized accountability. In contemporary American politics, these mechanisms both create and expand advantages for economic and political elites, while generating and deepening barriers to the full and equitable inclusion of less powerful groups in society, especially economically and racially marginalized Americans.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44840447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Challenges to Subnational Democracy in the United States, Past and Present 过去和现在对美国次国家民主的挑战
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211072952
R. Mickey
{"title":"Challenges to Subnational Democracy in the United States, Past and Present","authors":"R. Mickey","doi":"10.1177/00027162211072952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211072952","url":null,"abstract":"After a half century of stable performance, American democracy is now under threat. The threat emerged from nationalized party competition, but it is made manifest largely in the actions of Republican politicians at the state level. This article describes these actions and suggests how and why the current threat to democracy differs from past periods.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47575510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
“Good Citizens” in Democratic Hard Times 民主艰难时期的“好公民”
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211069729
S. Goodman
{"title":"“Good Citizens” in Democratic Hard Times","authors":"S. Goodman","doi":"10.1177/00027162211069729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211069729","url":null,"abstract":"How do citizens define their civic obligation when their country faces a democratic threat? Do citizens of a democracy think it is important to uphold liberal democratic values or to participate in governance? Do they embrace values that protect democracy, or do they just protect their political party or “side”? I examine changes to citizenship norms in the context of democratic threat using observational data from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany. I compare trends between 2004 and 2019, which show a weakening in the consensus of “good citizen” norms. Specifically, partisans on the left are more likely to value diversity, vigilance, and tolerance; while partisans on the right become more supportive of values like obeying the law. These differences are reduced in consensus-based political systems, but still the consequences are concerning: when the ties of citizenship norms become weaker, so too does national unity, which is integral to democratic legitimacy and stability.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49092342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Civil Society, Realized: Equipping the Mass Public to Express Choice and Negotiate Power 实现的公民社会:装备大众表达选择和谈判权力
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162221077471
Hahrie Han, Jae Yeon Kim
{"title":"Civil Society, Realized: Equipping the Mass Public to Express Choice and Negotiate Power","authors":"Hahrie Han, Jae Yeon Kim","doi":"10.1177/00027162221077471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221077471","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the ways in which change in civil society has contributed to the erosion of democracy in the United States. Democracy demands that people commit to pluralistic self-determination, which means that people must be willing to seek power and also share it. We argue that civil society plays two important roles in sustaining people’s willingness to do both: first, civil society cultivates a capacity for expressing choice; and second, it teaches capacities and provides opportunities for people to negotiate power. We show that in recent decades, civil society’s emphasis has moved more toward expressing choice and away from the creation of venues for negotiating power. We conclude with recommendations for researchers, civil society leaders, funders, and policy-makers who are interested in committing to forms of civil society that take power seriously.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45584980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Changing Americans’ Attitudes about Immigration: Using Moral Framing to Bolster Factual Arguments 改变美国人对移民的态度:用道德框架来支持事实论点
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1177/00027162221083877
J. Voelkel, Mashail Malik, C. Redekopp, Robb Willer
{"title":"Changing Americans’ Attitudes about Immigration: Using Moral Framing to Bolster Factual Arguments","authors":"J. Voelkel, Mashail Malik, C. Redekopp, Robb Willer","doi":"10.1177/00027162221083877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162221083877","url":null,"abstract":"Our tendency to interpret facts in ways that are consistent with our prior beliefs impedes evidence-based attempts to persuade partisans to change their views on pressing societal issues such as immigration. Accordingly, most prior work finds that favorable information about the impact of immigration has little or no influence on policy preferences. Here, we propose that appealing to individuals’ moral values can bolster the persuasive power of informational interventions. Across three experiments (total N = 4,616), we find that an argument based on the value of in-group loyalty, which emphasized that immigrants are critical to America’s economic strength, combined with information about the economic impact of legal immigration, significantly increased Americans’ support for legal immigration. We also find a significant effect of the moral component of this message alone, even without factual information. These results show that moral arguments can strengthen the persuasiveness of informational appeals.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48114330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Crashing without a Parachute: Racial and Educational Disparities in Unemployment during COVID-19 在没有降落伞的情况下崩溃：新冠肺炎期间失业的种族和教育差异
IF 2.8 2区 社会学
Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00027162211069429
B. Hardy, Charles M. Hokayem, Stephen Roll
{"title":"Crashing without a Parachute: Racial and Educational Disparities in Unemployment during COVID-19","authors":"B. Hardy, Charles M. Hokayem, Stephen Roll","doi":"10.1177/00027162211069429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162211069429","url":null,"abstract":"The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not been shouldered equally by American families. Black and Hispanic communities have been hit the hardest, with the pandemic often exacerbating existing disparities. Using nationally representative data, we assess the economic and public health effects of the pandemic among different socioeconomic groups and whether typical sources of protection from economic insecurity are uniformly protective across the U.S. population. Within these sociodemographic groups, we also explore differences by education and industry. We find higher levels of employment loss among Blacks and Hispanics, those without college degrees, and frontline workers. We also find evidence that individuals and families are facing mental health episodes and are turning to costly alternative financial strategies to cope throughout the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":48352,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43408617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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