Journal of Behavioral Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The mediating role of social support in behavioral changes and weight loss outcomes among overweight Appalachian adults.","authors":"Xiaochen Zhang, Abigail Shoben, Ashley S Felix, Brian C Focht, Ryan D Baltic, Electra D Paskett","doi":"10.1007/s10865-025-00555-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-025-00555-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social support plays a key role in behavioral changes, especially in Appalachian populations. We examined the mediating effect of social support in behavioral changes and corresponding weight loss outcomes among Appalachian adults. Data were from a group-randomized trial that compared a 12-month faith-based weight loss intervention to an active control group among overweight Appalachian adults in churches. Participants from the weight loss intervention who completed the 12-month assessment were the focus of this analysis. Baseline and 12-month data on weight, social support for eating habits (SSEH) and physical activity (SSPA) from family, friends, and church family, physical activity, and dietary intake were collected. Logistic and linear regression models evaluated mediating effects of SSEH and SSPA on the association between intervention attendance and behavioral changes and corresponding weight loss outcomes. Most participants (n = 243) were female (76.2%), white (97.5%), and married or living with a partner (81.2%). After the 12-month intervention, participants lost weight (1.1 ± 0.3 kg), increased fruit and vegetable intake (0.4 ± 0.1servings/day), reduced caloric intake (322.9 ± 42.2 kcal/day), improved SSEH from family, and increased SSPA from the church family (all P < 0.05). Increased SSEH from family mediated 62% of the association between intervention attendance and fruit and vegetable servings per day. Each 100 kcal decrease in caloric intake was associated with decreased weight and BMI at 12-months (0.2 ± 0.1 kg, P = 0.003; 0.1 ± 0.02 kg/m², P = 0.002). Our study demonstrated the mediation effect of social support for healthy eating on the association between intervention attendance and fruit and vegetable intake, which underscored the critical role of social support and calorie intake among Appalachian populations in losing weight. The study was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT02121691).</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"360-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary- and actigraphy-estimated nighttime sleep during the perinatal period: A multimethod study.","authors":"Parisa R Kaliush, Madeleine Bruce, Uma D Parameswaran, Paula G Williams, Ayla J Castano, Zachary Carbone, Lauren Pasternak, Elisabeth Conradt, Sheila E Crowell","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00527-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00527-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate estimation of perinatal sleep is important for informing future research and multigenerational health interventions. We compared diary- and actigraphy-estimated sleep parameters during pregnancy and postpartum. We informed our interpretation of these analyses with participants' feedback about these sleep estimation methods. This preregistered study ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UZFRD ) included 92 English-speaking, women-identified birthing parents who completed sleep diaries and wore wrist actigraphs for 7 days during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, 6 weeks postpartum, and 16 weeks postpartum. Sleep parameters included total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Multilevel models tested associations between diary and actigraphic sleep over time. Results indicated that diary and actigraphic sleep parameters were significantly associated over time, although actigraphic TST, SE, and SOL tended to be lower-and WASO longer-than diary estimations. WASO estimations were significantly more discrepant during 6 weeks postpartum than during the 3rd trimester or 16 weeks postpartum. Using conventional content analysis, three primary themes emerged from participants' feedback about sleep diaries and wrist actigraphs that enriched our interpretation of multilevel model results: (1) Wearability, (2) Functionality/Ease of Use, and (3) Measurement Accuracy. This study was the first to implement a multimethod design supplemented by qualitative data to investigate not only the association between diary and actigraphic perinatal sleep, but what it is like for birthing parents to engage with these sleep estimation methods. This study has important implications for behavioral medicine research and practice with perinatal populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"280-297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological value theory: predicting health-seeking behavior from symptom perception.","authors":"G Ryan Page, Philip Quinlan, Len Lecci, Dale J Cohen","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00531-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00531-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We recruit Psychological Value Theory (PVT) to understand how symptom value influences health-seeking decisions. Estimates of the Psychological Value of relief from a particular symptom were previously collected and used to predict the speed of participants' decision and the choice they make in three discrete choice experiments. Experiment 1 presented participants with a scenario and asked them to identify which of two symptoms they would seek healthcare services to treat. For each participant on every trial, two randomly chosen symptoms were inserted into the scenario. Experiment 2 addressed how the Psychological Value of a group of symptoms is predicted from the individual symptoms. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 using groups of two symptoms, and predicted choice based on three grouping functions. Experiment 3 replicated Experiment 2 using a yes/no task, whereby participants were asked if they would pursue a health care visit for a single set of symptoms. The results showed that PVT accurately predicted speed and choice in all three experiments. The Psychological Value of relief from a symptom was the primary driver of choice along with a response bias in favor of avoiding symptoms labeled \"severe.\"Health-seeking decisions are well modeled by a general-purpose, value-based computational model (PVT), with the Psychological Value of relief from health symptoms as a primary driver of health-seeking behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"251-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in anxiety, depression and pain experience among adults with chronic low back pain as a function of nicotine product use.","authors":"Michael J Zvolensky, Tanya Smit, Andrew H Rogers, Jafar Bakhshaie, Joseph W Ditre, Dipali V Rinker","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00547-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00547-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The landscape of nicotine use in the United States (US) has continued to evolve, with electronic cigarette use (hereafter e-cigarette) becoming more evident in recent years. Patterns of dual nicotine use, or using combustible nicotine in conjunction with e-cigarettes, may increase dependence on nicotine, continued exposure to toxins, and corresponding health risks. One of the most prevalent health problems related to nicotine use is the experience of chronic pain. Past work has established a bidirectional relationship between nicotine use and pain, such that pain motivates nicotine use and nicotine use contributes to pain. However, no work has explored differences in negative mood and pain experience as a product of nicotine use type among adults with chronic low back pain. The current cross-sectional study examined whether dual cigarette/e-cigarette use was associated with greater anxiety, depression, and pain experience among a sample of adult nicotine users (cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes) with self-reported mild to severe chronic low back pain (N = 1034, 66.0% female, M_age= 44.47 years, SD = 11.63). Results indicated that, compared to exclusive combustible nicotine users, dual cigarette/e-cigarette users had statistically significantly higher anxiety, depression, and pain disability scores, beyond the effects of age, sex, education, and use of opioid medications for pain. No significant group differences emerged as a function of exclusive e-cigarette use. The current findings highlight that dual cigarette/e-cigarette use may serve to mark a subpopulation of persons with chronic low back pain who present more complicated clinical features that require comprehensive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"331-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic sighing in the clinic waiting room may decrease pain: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Adam W Hanley, Allison Davis, Phillip Worts, Steven Pratscher","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00548-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00548-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain is a common medical experience, and patient access to pain management could be improved with novel intervention formats. Emerging evidence indicates brief, asynchronous, single-session interventions delivered in the clinic waiting room can improve patient outcomes, but only a few treatment modalities have been investigated to date. Breathwork is a promising approach to managing acute clinical pain that could be delivered asynchronously in the clinic waiting room. However, the direct impact of a breathwork intervention (e.g., brief cyclic sighing) on patients' pain and psychological distress (e.g., anxiety and depression symptoms) while waiting in the clinic waiting room remains unexamined. This single-site, pilot, randomized controlled trial examined the impact of a 4-minute, asynchronous, cyclic sighing intervention on participants' acute clinical symptoms in the x-ray waiting room of a walk-in orthopedic clinic relative to a time- and attention-matched injury management control condition. Pain unpleasantness, pain intensity, anxiety symptoms, and depression symptoms were measured in the study. Participants receiving the cyclic sighing intervention reported significantly less pain unpleasantness and pain intensity while waiting for an x-ray relative to controls. Anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were not found to differ by condition. Results from this RCT indicate a brief, asynchronous, cyclic sighing intervention may be capable of quickly decreasing pain in the waiting room. Continued investigation is now needed to determine if embedding brief, asynchronous, cyclic sighing interventions in clinic waiting rooms has the potential to help people experiencing acute pain feel better faster. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: NCT06292793.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"385-393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts.","authors":"Nichole R Kelly, Derek Kosty, Yosef Bodovski, Courtney K Blackwell, Jody M Ganiban, Jenae M Neiderhiser, Dana Dabelea, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Judy L Aschner, Theresa M Bastain, Carrie V Breton, Nicole R Bush, Catrina A Calub, Carlos A Camargo, Marie Camerota, Lisa A Croen, Amy J Elliott, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Assiamira Ferrara, Tina Hartert, Robert M Joseph, Margaret R Karagas, Rachel S Kelly, Kristen Lyall, Kelsey E Magee, Cindy T McEvoy, Francheska M Merced-Nieves, Thomas G O'Connor, Sara Santarossa, Susan L Schantz, Rebecca J Schmidt, Joseph B Stanford, Jennifer K Straughen, Annemarie Stroustrup, Nicole M Talge, Rosalind J Wright, Qi Zhao, Leslie D Leve","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00543-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00543-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functioning (EF) has been linked to chronic disease risk in children. Health behaviors are thought to partially explain this association. The current cross-sectional study evaluated specific domains of EF and varied health behaviors in three pediatric life stages. Pediatric participants (early childhood n = 2074, M_age = 6.4 ± 0.9 y; middle childhood n = 3230, M_age = 9.6 ± 1.2 y; adolescence n = 1416, M_age = 15.2 ± 1.7 y) were part of the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. They completed neurocognitive tasks measuring cognitive flexibility, behavioral inhibition, and working memory. Parent- and/or child-report measures of dietary intake, physical activity, sleep duration and quality, income, and positive parenting were also collected. Neighborhood crime and greenspace were calculated from publicly available census-tract level indices. After adjusting for study site, child body mass index, and demographics, working memory was related in the hypothesized direction to several dietary behaviors within all pediatric life stages. Working memory and cognitive flexibility were positively related to physical activity in middle childhood and adolescence. In adolescence, behavioral inhibition was positively related to physical activity and inversely related to sugar-sweetened beverage and total caloric intake. Associations with sleep were all non-significant. All significant associations reflected small effect sizes. Income, positive parenting, greenspace, and crime did not significantly influence any of the EF-health behavior associations. Findings highlight the need to consider EF domains, specific health behaviors, and developmental stage in creating intervention strategies that target EF to improve health behaviors. The small effect sizes reinforce the need for multi-tiered interventions to maximize health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"230-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between depressive symptoms and coping style on asthma outcomes in older adults.","authors":"Naomi Greenfield, Matthew Wysocki, Kimberly Arcoleo, Juliana Rodriguez, Sunit Jariwala, Paula Busse, Alex Federman, Juan Wisnivesky, Jonathan M Feldman","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00538-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00538-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the impact of coping styles in older adults with asthma on the prospective relationship between depressive symptoms and asthma outcomes, and how their perceptions of social support influenced their coping styles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults 60 and over with asthma were recruited and interviewed about their experiences of asthma, depression, and other psychosocial factors over three time points (Baseline, 6-month, and 12-month visits). Structural equation models examined the mediating roles of coping styles in the relationship between depressive symptoms (assessed by BDI-II) and asthma outcomes (i.e., asthma control, asthma quality of life, asthma-related distress, asthma-related hospitalizations, and oral corticosteroid use) and the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between depressive symptoms and coping style.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>455 participants were included in this study. Overall, 33.9% of the study population self-identified as Black and 32.8% as Hispanic. Depressive symptoms at baseline predicted less spiritual coping at 6 months (β =  - 0.15, p = 0.03), more negative coping at 6 months (β = 0.44, p < .0001), and worse asthma outcomes at 12 months (β = 0.31, p < .0001). None of the coping styles significantly mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and asthma outcomes. Perceived social support mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and positive coping, such that more depressive symptoms predicted less perceived social support, which in turn resulted in less positive coping engagement (β =  - 0.06, p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that in older adults with asthma depressive symptoms impact perceived social support, coping strategy selection (including spiritual coping), and subsequent asthma outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"317-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of experiential avoidance on anxiety and depressive disorders in hematological cancer patients.","authors":"Gregor Weißflog, Jochen Ernst, Peter Esser, Uwe Platzbecker, Vladan Vucinic, Anja Mehnert-Theuerkauf, Franziska Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10865-025-00553-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-025-00553-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anxiety disorders and/or depressive disorders co-occurring with hematological cancer are an additional burden for patients. Experiential avoidance (EA; efforts to avoid negative emotions, thoughts, or memories) is an empirically evident transdiagnostic factor for the onset and maintenance of anxiety and depressive disorders in non-cancer populations. There is lack of evidence on the impact of EA in predicting anxiety and depression in cancer patients. A total of 291 patients with hematological cancer (60% male, mean age 55 years) were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Participants were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 mental disorders (SCID-5). EA was assessed via self-report using the Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ). Hierarchical binomial logistic regression was conducted in order to estimate the impact of EA on anxiety and depressive disorders. A total of 38 patients (13.3%) met the diagnostic criteria for a current anxiety disorder, while 49 patients (17.2%) met the criteria for a current depressive disorder. In bivariate analyses, EA was significantly elevated in patients with an anxiety disorder in comparison to those without (54.4 vs. 48.9; p = 0.01). The same was true for depressive disorder (54.9 vs. 48.6; p < 0.01). After controlling for relevant sociodemographic and medical factors, EA did not predict anxiety or depressive disorder in separate regression models. The presence of an anxiety disorder was significantly predicted by female sex, younger age and elevated comorbidity burden. In contrast, the presence of a depressive disorder was predicted by comorbidity burden. Sociodemographic and medical predictors have greater predictive potential than EA regarding current anxiety and depressive disorder in hematological cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"394-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to firearm injury and suicide in a rural Pennsylvania county: implications for mental and behavioral health.","authors":"Richard Stansfield, Daniel C Semenza, Devon Ziminski","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00529-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00529-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the association between self-reported gun violence exposures and mental health and behavioral health indicators in a rural population. Using cross-sectional survey responses from 630 residents of a rural county in Pennsylvania, logistic regression models estimate the likelihood of residents indicating moderate or severe levels of health outcomes as a function of gun violence exposure. We control for a series of variables related to gun ownership, behavior, history with firearms and demographic characteristics. Personal firearm victimization was associated with self-reported depressive symptoms and interrupted sleep. Secondary exposure to firearm violence, particularly exposure to friends attempting or completing a suicide, was associated with higher odds of reporting severe levels (14 days or more in the past month) of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and poor sleep. For firearm suicide involving a friend or family member, the odds of reporting severe levels of all three outcomes are 3 times greater (OR 2.984, 95% CI 1.457-6.108). For each additional firearm exposure, the odds of experiencing severe levels of mental health and sleep difficulties are 1.4 times greater (OR 1.384, 95% CI 1.115-1.720). Cumulative exposures also increase the odds of reporting binge drinking and drug use. Firearm violence exposure was associated with adverse health indicators in this rural population. Approaches to counter the effects of cumulative firearm exposure and firearm suicide exposure, including reinvigorating community spaces and strengthening social supports, may help to reduce mental health burden in rural communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"188-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality and cardiovascular mortality risk: a multi-cohort analysis in individuals with and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Markus Jokela, Laura Pulkki-Råback, Marko Elovainio, G David Batty, Mika Kivimäki","doi":"10.1007/s10865-024-00528-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10865-024-00528-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the associations between personality traits of the Five Factor Model and cardiovascular mortality, with a specific focus on whether pre-existing cardiovascular conditions modified these associations. We used data from 43,027 participants across five cohort studies: Health and Retirement Study (HRS); Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS); National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP); Midlife in the United States (MIDUS); Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) with a mean age 55.9 years and 6493 individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. We conducted meta-analyses examining conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness, openness to experience, and extraversion in relation to mortality due to coronary heart disease and stroke. During a mean follow-up of 12.1 years, 1620 participants died from coronary heart disease and 454 from stroke. Lower conscientiousness was associated with higher mortality risk from both coronary heart disease (hazard ratio per 1SD = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.75-0.90) and stroke (HR = 0.84, CI = 0.72-0.99). Lower emotional stability predicted increased coronary heart disease mortality (HR = 0.91, CI = 0.85-0.97). The association between conscientiousness and cardiovascular mortality did not differ between individuals with or without baseline cardiovascular conditions. In addition, adjustments for health behaviors and other covariates only slightly attenuated this association. Other personality traits were not associated with cardiovascular disease mortality. Our findings highlight the role of low conscientiousness, and to a lesser extent low emotional stability, in the development and progression of fatal cardiovascular disease through pathways that may extend beyond established health behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48329,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}