Han Li, Inhwan Bae, Pengfei Zhao, Natalie Bazarova, Drew Margolin
{"title":"Two Paths of Conversation: How Stories and Statistics are Associated With Community Engagement in Online Debate Surrounding Vaccine Science Skeptical Content","authors":"Han Li, Inhwan Bae, Pengfei Zhao, Natalie Bazarova, Drew Margolin","doi":"10.1177/00936502261496144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261496144","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical and narrative evidence represent two distinct ways of substantiating claims in public reasoning, but does this distinction matter for how people engage with vaccine science skeptical (VSS) content and the discursive spaces surrounding it? This study addresses this question through a large-scale, LLM-assisted observational analysis of online engagement with VSS posts and comments that support or counter such content using statistical versus narrative evidence in the Reddit community <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r/DebateVaccines</jats:italic> . Building on Fisher’s distinction between <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rational and narrative paradigms</jats:italic> , we theorize two paths of conversation through which evidentiary forms are associated with audience engagement with contentious vaccine discourses in a naturalistic social media setting: a <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rational</jats:italic> pathway, marked by concentrated participation and corrective contestation around statistical claims and counterclaims, tending toward a single evidence-based truth “approved” by one-click reactions; and a <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">narrative</jats:italic> pathway, characterized by generative engagement featuring broader and more distributed participation, more discursive and generative engagement, and greater acceptance of competing viewpoints. These findings provide a springboard for theorizing evidentiary form as a key epistemic logic associated with how conversations evolve in real-world engagement with contentious, socially consequential issues such as vaccine misinformation, while informing hybrid approaches to addressing skepticism toward established vaccine science.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Razieh Pourafshari,Miriam Brinberg,Joseph B. Bayer
{"title":"Constantly Connected, Differently Affected: Response Speed Shapes Parents’ and Adolescents’ Feelings of Connection","authors":"Razieh Pourafshari,Miriam Brinberg,Joseph B. Bayer","doi":"10.1177/00936502261494013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261494013","url":null,"abstract":"Response speed in digital communication serves as a signal of availability, yet past research has overlooked how speed expectations in specific relationships translate into social connection. This study addresses this oversight by integrating theoretical perspectives on constant connectivity and chronemics to test the implications of perceived response speed for parent-adolescent relationships. Using a 28-day dyadic daily diary design of 142 parent-adolescent dyads, we examined how one’s own and one’s partner’s perceived response speed were associated with feelings of connection. Results revealed asymmetric and interdependent patterns. Faster response speed perceptions predicted greater connection, but these associations were more pronounced for parents. Additionally, parents’ perceptions of adolescents’ response speed predicted adolescents’ feelings of connection. These findings indicate that response speed perceptions can act as a mechanism that links connectivity to social connection in everyday life, but this depends on relational role.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149210874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chelsea L. Ratcliff,Helen Lillie,Manusheela Pokharel,Jakob D. Jensen,Doris E. Acheme,Benjamin Sam-Paintsil
{"title":"Human Imagery and Psychological Reactance in Persuasive Health Messages","authors":"Chelsea L. Ratcliff,Helen Lillie,Manusheela Pokharel,Jakob D. Jensen,Doris E. Acheme,Benjamin Sam-Paintsil","doi":"10.1177/00936502261478982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261478982","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Hate Speech to Collective Action Intentions: The Role of Counter-Speech and Accuracy Cues Among Targeted Minorities","authors":"Desiree Schmuck, Magdalena Obermaier, Nancy Molina-Rogers, Muniba Saleem","doi":"10.1177/00936502261489660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261489660","url":null,"abstract":"Online hate speech targeting minority groups poses a significant social identity threat to those affected, often prompting coping strategies like out-group avoidance or derogation, which can harm intergroup relations in diverse societies. However, collective action as an empowering response has received limited attention in this context. Drawing on the social identity model of collective action (SIMCA), this study examines both the mechanisms and boundary conditions of online hate speech’s impact on minority groups. Across two experiments ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>Study1</jats:sub> = 328 Muslims; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>Study2</jats:sub> = 583 Latinos), we find that online hate speech increases group-based injustice, which in turn drives collective action intentions, supporting the SIMCA. This effect is amplified when information embedded in the online hate speech is perceived as inaccurate or flagged for inaccuracy. In Study 2, we further demonstrate that counter-speech can reduce group-based injustice and, when paired with low-accuracy hate speech, enhance collective efficacy beliefs.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Media Use for Strong and Weak Ties: A Configural Examination of Personal Media System and Well-Being","authors":"Ceciley X. Zhang, Ronald E. Rice","doi":"10.1177/00936502261487784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261487784","url":null,"abstract":"Taking a configural approach to personal media use, this study examined how strong- and weak-tie media configuration relate to digital stress and well-being. Using a sample of 1,197 U.S. adults (analytic <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 1,143), we explored how media configuration attributes (size, density, and centralization by tie strength, and homogeneity) are associated with well-being, directly and indirectly through five dimensions of digital stress (overconnectivity, communication overload, deficient self-regulation, self-presentation pressure, and technological frustration). Our results highlight the importance of maintaining a larger, more interconnected, and centralized weak-tie configuration, and overall, a more uniform configuration, for well-being benefits (direct and indirect). Notably, larger weak-tie configuration is indirectly associated with lower well-being through greater technological frustration, while larger strong-tie configuration is indirectly associated with higher well-being through lower technological frustration. These findings emphasize the relational context of communication media use and suggest tie-specific strategies for managing communication flows and supporting well-being.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149123097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting Irritation Disclosures in Romantic Relationships: Testing and Extending the Revelation Risk Model","authors":"Rudy C. Pett, Anita L. Vangelisti","doi":"10.1177/00936502261490466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261490466","url":null,"abstract":"Feelings of irritation often emerge in romantic relationships. However, the theoretical mechanisms predicting whether individuals disclose these feelings to their romantic partner remain limited and largely reliant on examining indicators of future behavior rather than actual future behavior. Using a two-month, longitudinal survey design involving 448 participants, the current study tested the Revelation Risk Model (RRM) as a mechanism for predicting whether individuals would disclose or conceal feelings of irritation about their romantic partner. Relationship power was also incorporated as an additional predictor. The original RRM components (i.e., closeness, risk, communication efficacy, willingness to disclose) collectively predicted whether individuals disclosed or concealed feelings of irritation about their romantic partner. Relationship power predicted individuals’ communication efficacy, as well as perceived risk associated with disclosing their feelings of irritation. The findings are discussed in terms of their contributions to existing research on disclosure, irritations, and power in romantic relationships.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Democratic Media Performance and Democratization: A Global Longitudinal Perspective","authors":"Florian Arendt","doi":"10.1177/00936502261489667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261489667","url":null,"abstract":"Media that effectively perform their democratic functions are widely considered a key driver of democratization, yet longitudinal evidence on their impact remains limited. This study analyzed global annual time-series data on democratic media performance and democratization from 1946 to 2018. ARIMA models indicated a covariation between annual increases in democratic media performance and gains in democratization worldwide, measured by Vanhanen’s Index of Democratization. The analysis also revealed covariation with V-Dem’s liberal, participatory, deliberative, and egalitarian component indices of democratic quality. Evidence on temporal ordering, consistent with Granger causality, was found for Vanhanen’s index and the participatory and deliberative V-Dem component indices; evidence was marginal for the liberal component and absent for the egalitarian component. Acknowledging limitations regarding causal interpretation, the results are consistent with the claim that media can act as a leading force in democratic development rather than merely reflecting it, particularly in electoral, participatory, and deliberative dimensions.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149124060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah S. Salehuddin, Andy J. Merolla, Tamara D. Afifi
{"title":"When Past Hurt Meets Present Care: How Family History Shapes Adult Caregivers’ Communal Coping With Siblings in Their Caregiving for Parents With Health Challenges","authors":"Abdullah S. Salehuddin, Andy J. Merolla, Tamara D. Afifi","doi":"10.1177/00936502261484417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261484417","url":null,"abstract":"This sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study explores how adult caregivers’ perceived family functioning and unresolved hurt toward siblings from childhood are associated with their present-day communal coping (CC) with their siblings and caregiving outcomes. Study 1 tested a hypothesized moderated mediation model using survey data ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 776). The results indicate greater childhood family functioning (consistent with hypotheses) and unresolved hurt (counter to hypotheses) were associated with more CC with siblings. CC, in turn, was associated with less flourishing and greater caregiver burden and sibling resentment. Considering the unexpected positive association between unresolved hurt and CC, Study 2 involved semi-structured interviews with adult caregivers ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 30) about their experiences enacting CC with siblings despite residual hurt. The findings suggest unresolved childhood hurt toward siblings often stem from challenging experiences, including neglect and abuse. In addition to impeding sibling CC, unresolved hurt can also complicate efforts toward CC (or render them dysfunctional). This study underscores how childhood experiences have an enduring effect on CC with siblings decades later, especially if past family issues are left unresolved.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina Viehmann, Stefan Geiß, Manina Biermayer, Oliver Quiring, Florian Arendt
{"title":"Investigating Conditional Macro-Level Media Effects Over a Long-Term: How Crisis Periods Moderate the Effects of Suicide Coverage on Suicide Rate Change (1861–2007)","authors":"Christina Viehmann, Stefan Geiß, Manina Biermayer, Oliver Quiring, Florian Arendt","doi":"10.1177/00936502261480405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261480405","url":null,"abstract":"How does media shape society over decades, and does its effect vary depending on the societal atmosphere or <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">zeitgeist</jats:italic> ? While theoretically important, there is a lack of systematic empirical evidence on conditional long-term macro-level media effects. We propose a broader framework to study such effects and demonstrate its applicability for the “Werther effect” in the UK. More specifically, we investigate whether media coverage of suicides in a newspaper of record is linked to suicide rates and whether this link changes during societal crises. For this, we combine suicide data with a large-scale automated content analysis of crisis and suicide reporting in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">The Times</jats:italic> over a century (1861-2007). Our analysis shows that increased suicide reporting is associated with higher suicide rates, but only during crisis periods. The results are consistent with a conditional Werther effect and may offer one piece of the larger puzzle of long-term macro-level media influences on society.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kim T. Beenen, Camiel J. Beukeboom, Christian Burgers, Pia Sommerauer
{"title":"Experimental Research on Stereotype Expression in Freely Generated Language: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Kim T. Beenen, Camiel J. Beukeboom, Christian Burgers, Pia Sommerauer","doi":"10.1177/00936502261478981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502261478981","url":null,"abstract":"Social stereotypes spread through biased language. Experiments in which participants freely generate language allow researchers to causally test how stereotypes affect language use and capture multiple linguistic variables simultaneously, offering high ecological validity. Despite this potential, it remains unclear how and to which extent this paradigm has been used to study linguistic biases. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">k</jats:italic> = 106 experiments) and found that most freely generated language experiments examined only one linguistic variable, leaving the interplay between linguistic variables largely underexplored. To advance our understanding of stereotype expression in everyday language, we recommend experiments to measure multiple linguistic variables simultaneously and in relation to each other. This knowledge is needed to address harmful stereotype communication in the real world through automated detection tools, communication interventions, and the fine-tuning of Large Language Models.","PeriodicalId":48323,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}