Social Problems最新文献_第7页

Vaccine Hesitancy and the Accumulation of Distrust 疫苗犹豫和不信任的积累

2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad006

Claire Laurier Decoteau, Paige L Sweet

引用次数: 0

On Our Own: Social Distance, Physical Loneliness, and Structural Isolation in the COVID-19 Pandemic 我们自己：新冠肺炎大流行中的社交距离、身体孤独和结构隔离

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad003

E. Klinenberg, Jenny K. Leigh

{"title":"On Our Own: Social Distance, Physical Loneliness, and Structural Isolation in the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"E. Klinenberg, Jenny K. Leigh","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spad003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spad003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The early months of the COVID-19 pandemic were defined by distance and isolation, raising concerns about widespread loneliness. Drawing on 55 in-depth interviews with residents of New York City who lived alone during the first wave of the pandemic, this article examines the experience of living alone and dealing with loneliness during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, asking: What are the specific aspects of being or feeling alone that cause distress? Four key themes emerged from the interviews. First, although most interviewees reported experiencing loneliness at some point during the pandemic, they described themselves as being quite socially connected to friends and family. Second, being physically alone was especially distressing. Third, city residents who lived alone struggled with the loss of everyday interactions with neighbors and familiar strangers who had previously provided regular companionship in public gathering places. Fourth, solo dwellers reported that despite the social and emotional challenges of living alone, feeling abandoned or marginalized by society at large – a phenomenon that we refer to as “structural isolation” – was ultimately a greater emotional burden. These findings highlight the importance of social and structural dimensions of loneliness, helping to sharpen our existing sociological conceptualization of loneliness.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49454806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Beyond Biological Essentialism: White Nationalism, Health Disparities Data, and the Cultivation of Lay Agnotology 超越生物本质主义:白人民族主义、健康差异数据和外行不可知论的培养

2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad007

Kushan Dasgupta, Nicole Iturriaga, Aaron Panofsky

{"title":"Beyond Biological Essentialism: White Nationalism, Health Disparities Data, and the Cultivation of Lay Agnotology","authors":"Kushan Dasgupta, Nicole Iturriaga, Aaron Panofsky","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spad007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scholars and practitioners position health disparities research as an important tool for redressing race-based inequities and re-conceptualizing racialized health outcomes in non-essentialist terms. Given this context, we explore a peculiar phenomenon, which is the circulation of such research among white nationalists. We discover that white nationalists incorporate and respond to health disparities research not solely to defend racist and essentialist reasoning, but also to project a discourse that indicts the science establishment for ostensibly incorporating liberal politics, corrupting inquiry, and obfuscating understanding of biology in the name of anti-racism or social constructionism. We term this practice “lay agnotology,” as it involves white nationalists capitalizing on their role as non-specialists to charge the health disparities field and its expert contributors with an alleged set of institutionalized biases that produce ignorance about the “truth” of race. We connect this finding to the literature on racialized ignorance, as it demonstrates how stories about the institutional nature of science can be as central to myth-making about race as stories about the scientific nature of people.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135677423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Communication and Decision-Making Processes: Group-level Determinants of State Performance 沟通与决策过程:国家绩效的群体层面决定因素

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad002

Luiz Vilaça

{"title":"Communication and Decision-Making Processes: Group-level Determinants of State Performance","authors":"Luiz Vilaça","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spad002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Dominant explanations for variation in performance between state organizations focus on macro-level factors, such as political support, and meso-level factors, such as civil service capacity. However, these factors cannot account for why different groups within the same state organization perform better than others. I leverage a comparative analysis of state officials working under particularly challenging circumstances—task forces of prosecutors investigating high-level corruption in Brazil—to develop a framework to explain how small-group communication and decision-making processes affect performance. Drawing on document analysis and 124 original interviews with federal investigators, I argue that, even when we account for macro- and meso-level factors, prosecutors performed better when they cultivated frequent communication and collective decision-making. This study shows the mechanisms through which these processes affect performance: while frequent communication enables group members to generate knowledge connections that help them make unforeseen discoveries, collective decision-making helps build defensive alignment, which allows members to protect the group from external pressures and manage internal tensions.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48297385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Long Does Madness Take? Time and the Construction of Mental Illness in Community Mental Health Work 疯狂需要多长时间？时间与社区精神卫生工作中精神疾病的构建

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad005

Owen Whooley

{"title":"How Long Does Madness Take? Time and the Construction of Mental Illness in Community Mental Health Work","authors":"Owen Whooley","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spad005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spad005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 How do temporal understandings shape the construction of social problems and the work of addressing them? This article takes up a social problem with an explicit time dimension – severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) – to advocate for a focus on time in the analysis of social problems. Drawing on interviews with community mental health workers (n=100) and observations of a police department and a psychiatric emergency department, I show how the work of these organizations yields two distinct sociotemporal orders – what I deem pursuing quick closure for police and rushing to wait for emergency hospital staff. The sociotemporal orders influence how these workers construct and approach the problem of SPMI. While these sociotemporal orders enable coordination within organizations, they produce temporal incongruence across organizations, which leads to conflict and undermines wider system coordination. Because police and hospital staff are not on the same time, their organizations are not on the same page. This article underscores the extent to which local constructions of social problems carry temporal assumptions that have practical effects on the work of ameliorating such problems. I conclude by discussing how this temporal analysis provides insight into the operation of power in community mental health.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43334489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Live and (Let) Die – Shifting Legitimacies and Organizational Mortality in American Higher Education, 1944–2018 生存和(让)死亡——1944-2018年美国高等教育的转移合法性和组织死亡率

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spad001

Mike Zapp, Clarissa Dahmen

引用次数: 0

"The Squeaky Wheel Gets the Grease": Rental Assistance Applicants' Quests for a Rationed and Scarce Resource. "吱吱作响的轮子得到润滑油"：租金援助申请者对定量配给的稀缺资源的追求》（Rental Assistance Applicants' Quests for a Rationed and Scarce Resource.

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spab035

Danya E Keene, Alana Rosenberg, Penelope Schlesinger, Shannon Whittaker, Linda Niccolai, Kim M Blankenship

{"title":"\"The Squeaky Wheel Gets the Grease\": Rental Assistance Applicants' Quests for a Rationed and Scarce Resource.","authors":"Danya E Keene, Alana Rosenberg, Penelope Schlesinger, Shannon Whittaker, Linda Niccolai, Kim M Blankenship","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spab035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/socpro/spab035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2016, only one in five eligible U.S. households received rental assistance and waiting lists averaged two years nationally. The gap between available rental assistance and need requires systems to allocate this scarce resource. The way potential rental assistance recipients experience and navigate these systems is likely to shape who ultimately receives assistance. We draw on repeated qualitative interviews (N=238) with low-income New Haven residents (N=54) to examine how participants understand and navigate rental assistance applications and waiting lists. Participants encountered multiple challenges in their search for rental assistance. They described an opaque and complex application and waiting process requiring significant knowledge to navigate. They also described considerable labor associated with monitoring waiting lists, a challenge made more difficult for some by their lack of a stable address. Additionally, participants described significant labor and knowledge required to strategically navigate prioritization systems that often required them to advocate for their deservingness of scarce housing resources. Our findings suggest that the allocation of rental assistance through complex processes that depend on applicant knowledge, labor, and advocacy may create barriers to housing, particularly for more vulnerable and marginalized housing seekers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":"70 1","pages":"203-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9928171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9522201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

To Align or Misalign?: Interpreting INGO-State Partnership in Cambodia 对齐还是不对齐?:解读柬埔寨ingo -国家伙伴关系

2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spac059

Mary-Collier Wilks

{"title":"To Align or Misalign?: Interpreting INGO-State Partnership in Cambodia","authors":"Mary-Collier Wilks","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spac059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spac059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article uses ethnographic and interview methods to compare two international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) implementing public health programs in Cambodia. Both INGOs formally adopt the same policy, developing state partnership, but implement this policy very differently. One INGO successfully aligns the policy with on-the-ground practice, while the other organization is unable and unwilling to successfully cooperate with local state officials. I argue that previous research on international development organizations, policy convergence, and divergence in implementation needs to be expanded to analytically specify the process of policy alignment and misalignment. Drawing on the inhabited institutions perspective, I illustrate how global policies are made meaningful in intra- and inter-organizational interactions through a two-step process: (1) operationalization in which the broad policy is translated into specific programming and (2) implementation in which local actors do or do not align the policy with actual practice in Cambodia. This article offers a method for systematically theorizing policy alignment or misalignment with practice in international organizations.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136296490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Destroying Democracy for the People: The Economic, Social, and Political Consequences of Populist Rule, 1990 to 2017 为人民摧毁民主:民粹主义统治的经济、社会和政治后果，1990年至2017年

IF 3.2 2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spac060

W. Cole, Evan Schofer

{"title":"Destroying Democracy for the People: The Economic, Social, and Political Consequences of Populist Rule, 1990 to 2017","authors":"W. Cole, Evan Schofer","doi":"10.1093/socpro/spac060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spac060","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The recent populist wave has raised questions about the implications of populism for democracy. Some scholars express optimism that populism may be a source of democratic revitalization, bringing about sweeping changes in accordance with the majority will. More often, populism is viewed as a threat to liberal democracy, combining calls for radical change with disdain for core democratic institutions and norms. We consider the possibility that these outcomes may not be mutually exclusive and develop a conceptual typology for understanding the consequences of populist rule. We then use cross-national panel fixed-effects models to analyze the effects of populist leadership between 1990 and 2017. We first examine whether populists have economic and social effects in line with their core aspirations. Left-wing populists are quite effective at implementing their agenda: they reduce income inequality, regulate markets, and incorporate marginalized groups. Right-wing populists are also fairly impactful: for instance, they raise tariffs, cut taxes, and restrict the rights of women and gay people. However, populists of all stripes are associated with the rapid and severe erosion of liberal democratic institutions. Populists, we conclude, often destroy democracy in the name of the people.","PeriodicalId":48307,"journal":{"name":"Social Problems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

“When They Hand You Your Uniform, They Forget to Say, ‘Hand Me Your Soul’”: Incidents and Impacts of Institutional Betrayal in Canadian Police Services “当他们把你的制服递给你时，他们忘了说，‘把你的灵魂交给我’”:加拿大警察部门机构背叛的事件和影响

2区社会学

Social Problems Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1093/socpro/spac062

Lesley J Bikos

引用次数: 1