Applied Psychological Measurement最新文献

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Controlling the Minimum Item Exposure Rate in Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Two-Stage Sympson–Hetter Procedure 计算机化自适应测验中控制最小项目曝光率:两阶段症状改善程序
4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231209756
Hsiu-Yi Chao, Jyun-Hong Chen
{"title":"Controlling the Minimum Item Exposure Rate in Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Two-Stage Sympson–Hetter Procedure","authors":"Hsiu-Yi Chao, Jyun-Hong Chen","doi":"10.1177/01466216231209756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216231209756","url":null,"abstract":"Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) can improve test efficiency, but it also causes the problem of unbalanced item usage within a pool. The effect of uneven item exposure rates can not only induce a test security problem due to overexposed items but also raise economic concerns about item pool development due to underexposed items. Therefore, this study proposes a two-stage Sympson–Hetter (TSH) method to enhance balanced item pool utilization by simultaneously controlling the minimum and maximum item exposure rates. The TSH method divides CAT into two stages. While the item exposure rates are controlled above a prespecified level (e.g., r min ) in the first stage to increase the exposure rates of the underexposed items, they are controlled below another prespecified level (e.g., r max ) in the second stage to prevent items from overexposure. To reduce the effect on trait estimation, TSH only administers a minimum sufficient number of underexposed items that are generally less discriminating in the first stage of CAT. The simulation study results indicate that the TSH method can effectively improve item pool usage without clearly compromising trait estimation precision in most conditions while maintaining the required level of test security.","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two Statistics for Measuring the Score Comparability of Computerized Adaptive Tests 计算机化自适应测验分数可比性的两种统计方法
4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231209749
Adam E. Wyse
{"title":"Two Statistics for Measuring the Score Comparability of Computerized Adaptive Tests","authors":"Adam E. Wyse","doi":"10.1177/01466216231209749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216231209749","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces two new statistics for measuring the score comparability of computerized adaptive tests (CATs) based on comparing conditional standard errors of measurement (CSEMs) for examinees that achieved the same scale scores. One statistic is designed to evaluate score comparability of alternate CAT forms for individual scale scores, while the other statistic is designed to evaluate the overall score comparability of alternate CAT forms. The effectiveness of the new statistics is illustrated using data from grade 3 through 8 reading and math CATs. Results suggest that both CATs demonstrated reasonably high levels of score comparability, that score comparability was less at very high or low scores where few students score, and that using random samples with fewer students per grade did not have a big impact on score comparability. Results also suggested that score comparability was sometimes higher when the bottom 20% of scorers were used to calculate overall score comparability compared to all students. Additional discussion related to applying the statistics in different contexts is provided.","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficiency Analysis of Item Response Theory Kernel Equating for Mixed-Format Tests 项目反应理论核等价在混合格式测试中的有效性分析
4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231209757
Joakim Wallmark, Maria Josefsson, Marie Wiberg
{"title":"Efficiency Analysis of Item Response Theory Kernel Equating for Mixed-Format Tests","authors":"Joakim Wallmark, Maria Josefsson, Marie Wiberg","doi":"10.1177/01466216231209757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216231209757","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate the performance of Item Response Theory (IRT) kernel equating in the context of mixed-format tests by comparing it to IRT observed score equating and kernel equating with log-linear presmoothing. Comparisons were made through both simulations and real data applications, under both equivalent groups (EG) and non-equivalent groups with anchor test (NEAT) sampling designs. To prevent bias towards IRT methods, data were simulated with and without the use of IRT models. The results suggest that the difference between IRT kernel equating and IRT observed score equating is minimal, both in terms of the equated scores and their standard errors. The application of IRT models for presmoothing yielded smaller standard error of equating than the log-linear presmoothing approach. When test data were generated using IRT models, IRT-based methods proved less biased than log-linear kernel equating. However, when data were simulated without IRT models, log-linear kernel equating showed less bias. Overall, IRT kernel equating shows great promise when equating mixed-format tests.","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparing Person-Fit and Traditional Indices Across Careless Response Patterns in Surveys. 比较调查中随意反应模式下的个人适合度和传统指数。
IF 1 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-03 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231194358
Eli A Jones, Stefanie A Wind, Chia-Lin Tsai, Yuan Ge
{"title":"Comparing Person-Fit and Traditional Indices Across Careless Response Patterns in Surveys.","authors":"Eli A Jones, Stefanie A Wind, Chia-Lin Tsai, Yuan Ge","doi":"10.1177/01466216231194358","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231194358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methods to identify carelessness in survey research can be valuable tools in reducing bias during survey development, validation, and use. Because carelessness may take multiple forms, researchers typically use multiple indices when identifying carelessness. In the current study, we extend the literature on careless response identification by examining the usefulness of three item-response theory-based person-fit indices for both random and overconsistent careless response identification: infit <i>MSE</i> outfit <i>MSE</i>, and the polytomous <i>l</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> statistic. We compared these statistics with traditional careless response indices using both empirical data and simulated data. The empirical data included 2,049 high school student surveys of teaching effectiveness from the Network for Educator Effectiveness. In the simulated data, we manipulated type of carelessness (random response or overconsistency) and percent of carelessness present (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%). Results suggest that infit and outfit <i>MSE</i> and the <i>l</i><sub><i>z</i></sub> statistic may provide complementary information to traditional indices such as LongString, Mahalanobis Distance, Validity Items, and Completion Time. Receiver operating characteristic curves suggested that the person-fit indices showed good sensitivity and specificity for classifying both over-consistent and under-consistent careless patterns, thus functioning in a bidirectional manner. Carelessness classifications based on low fit values correlated with carelessness classifications from LongString and completion time, and classifications based on high fit values correlated with classifications from Mahalanobis Distance. We consider implications for research and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41155112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does Sparseness Matter? Examining the Use of Generalizability Theory and Many-Facet Rasch Measurement in Sparse Rating Designs. 稀疏很重要吗?考察概化理论和多面粗糙度测量在稀疏评级设计中的应用。
IF 1 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231182148
Stefanie A Wind, Eli Jones, Sara Grajeda
{"title":"Does Sparseness Matter? Examining the Use of Generalizability Theory and Many-Facet Rasch Measurement in Sparse Rating Designs.","authors":"Stefanie A Wind, Eli Jones, Sara Grajeda","doi":"10.1177/01466216231182148","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231182148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sparse rating designs, where each examinee's performance is scored by a small proportion of raters, are prevalent in practical performance assessments. However, relatively little research has focused on the degree to which different analytic techniques alert researchers to rater effects in such designs. We used a simulation study to compare the information provided by two popular approaches: Generalizability theory (G theory) and Many-Facet Rasch (MFR) measurement. In previous comparisons, researchers used complete data that were not simulated-thus limiting their ability to manipulate characteristics such as rater effects, and to understand the impact of incomplete data on the results. Both approaches provided information about rating quality in sparse designs, but the MFR approach highlighted rater effects related to centrality and bias more readily than G theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effects of Aberrant Responding on Model-Fit Assuming Different Underlying Response Processes. 假设不同的基本响应过程,偏离响应对模型拟合的影响。
IF 1 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231201987
Jennifer Reimers, Ronna C Turner, Jorge N Tendeiro, Wen-Juo Lo, Elizabeth Keiffer
{"title":"The Effects of Aberrant Responding on Model-Fit Assuming Different Underlying Response Processes.","authors":"Jennifer Reimers, Ronna C Turner, Jorge N Tendeiro, Wen-Juo Lo, Elizabeth Keiffer","doi":"10.1177/01466216231201987","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231201987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aberrant responding on tests and surveys has been shown to affect the psychometric properties of scales and the statistical analyses from the use of those scales in cumulative model contexts. This study extends prior research by comparing the effects of four types of aberrant responding on model fit in both cumulative and ideal point model contexts using graded partial credit (GPCM) and generalized graded unfolding (GGUM) models. When fitting models to data, model misfit can be both a function of misspecification and aberrant responding. Results demonstrate how varying levels of aberrant data can severely impact model fit for both cumulative and ideal point data. Specifically, longstring responses have a stronger impact on dimensionality for both ideal point and cumulative data, while random responding tends to have the most negative impact on data model fit according to information criteria (AIC, BIC). The results also indicate that ideal point data models such as GGUM may be able to fit cumulative data as well as the cumulative model itself (GPCM), whereas cumulative data models may not provide sufficient model fit for data simulated using an ideal point model.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Item Scores and Distractors to Detect Test Speededness. 使用项目得分和分心因素来检测测试速度。
IF 1 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231182149
Kylie Gorney, James A Wollack, Daniel M Bolt
{"title":"Using Item Scores and Distractors to Detect Test Speededness.","authors":"Kylie Gorney, James A Wollack, Daniel M Bolt","doi":"10.1177/01466216231182149","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231182149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Test speededness refers to a situation in which examinee performance is inadvertently affected by the time limit of the test. Because speededness has the potential to severely bias both person and item parameter estimates, it is crucial that speeded examinees are detected. In this article, we develop a change-point analysis (CPA) procedure for detecting test speededness. Our procedure distinguishes itself from existing CPA procedures by using information from both item scores and distractors. Using detailed simulations, we show that under most conditions, the new CPA procedure improves the detection of speeded examinees and produces more accurate change-point estimates. It therefore seems there is a considerable amount of information to be gained from the item distractors, which, quite notably are available in all multiple-choice data. A real data example is also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sequential Bayesian Ability Estimation Applied to Mixed-Format Item Tests. 序列贝叶斯能力估计在混合格式项目测试中的应用。
IF 1 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231201986
Jiawei Xiong, Allan S Cohen, Xinhui Maggie Xiong
{"title":"Sequential Bayesian Ability Estimation Applied to Mixed-Format Item Tests.","authors":"Jiawei Xiong, Allan S Cohen, Xinhui Maggie Xiong","doi":"10.1177/01466216231201986","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231201986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large-scale tests often contain mixed-format items, such as when multiple-choice (MC) items and constructed-response (CR) items are both contained in the same test. Although previous research has analyzed both types of items simultaneously, this may not always provide the best estimate of ability. In this paper, a two-step sequential Bayesian (SB) analytic method under the concept of empirical Bayes is explored for mixed item response models. This method integrates ability estimates from different item formats. Unlike the empirical Bayes method, the SB method estimates examinees' posterior ability parameters with individual-level sample-dependent prior distributions estimated from the MC items. Simulations were used to evaluate the accuracy of recovery of ability and item parameters over four factors: the type of the ability distribution, sample size, test length (number of items for each item type), and person/item parameter estimation method. The SB method was compared with a traditional concurrent Bayesian (CB) calibration method, EAPsum, that uses scaled scores for summed scores to estimate parameters from the MC and CR items simultaneously in one estimation step. From the simulation results, the SB method showed more accurate and reliable ability estimation than the CB method, especially when the sample size was small (150 and 500). Both methods presented similar recovery results for MC item parameters, but the CB method yielded a bit better recovery of the CR item parameters. The empirical example suggested that posterior ability estimated by the proposed SB method had higher reliability than the CB method.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling Rating Order Effects Under Item Response Theory Models for Rater-Mediated Assessments. 评价中介评价项目反应理论模型下评价顺序效应的建模。
IF 1.2 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231174566
Hung-Yu Huang
{"title":"Modeling Rating Order Effects Under Item Response Theory Models for Rater-Mediated Assessments.","authors":"Hung-Yu Huang","doi":"10.1177/01466216231174566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216231174566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rater effects are commonly observed in rater-mediated assessments. By using item response theory (IRT) modeling, raters can be treated as independent factors that function as instruments for measuring ratees. Most rater effects are static and can be addressed appropriately within an IRT framework, and a few models have been developed for dynamic rater effects. Operational rating projects often require human raters to continuously and repeatedly score ratees over a certain period, imposing a burden on the cognitive processing abilities and attention spans of raters that stems from judgment fatigue and thus affects the rating quality observed during the rating period. As a result, ratees' scores may be influenced by the order in which they are graded by raters in a rating sequence, and the rating order effect should be considered in new IRT models. In this study, two types of many-faceted (MF)-IRT models are developed to account for such dynamic rater effects, which assume that rater severity can drift systematically or stochastically. The results obtained from two simulation studies indicate that the parameters of the newly developed models can be estimated satisfactorily using Bayesian estimation and that disregarding the rating order effect produces biased model structure and ratee proficiency parameter estimations. A creativity assessment is outlined to demonstrate the application of the new models and to investigate the consequences of failing to detect the possible rating order effect in a real rater-mediated evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7c/68/10.1177_01466216231174566.PMC10240569.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10300637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Mixed Sequential IRT Model for Mixed-Format Items. 混合格式项目的混合序列 IRT 模型。
IF 1.2 4区 心理学
Applied Psychological Measurement Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/01466216231165302
Junhuan Wei, Yan Cai, Dongbo Tu
{"title":"A Mixed Sequential IRT Model for Mixed-Format Items.","authors":"Junhuan Wei, Yan Cai, Dongbo Tu","doi":"10.1177/01466216231165302","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01466216231165302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To provide more insight into an individual's response process and cognitive process, this study proposed three mixed sequential item response models (MS-IRMs) for mixed-format items consisting of a mixture of a multiple-choice item and an open-ended item that emphasize a sequential response process and are scored sequentially. Relative to existing polytomous models such as the graded response model (GRM), generalized partial credit model (GPCM), or traditional sequential Rasch model (SRM), the proposed models employ an appropriate processing function for each task to improve conventional polytomous models. Simulation studies were carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed models, and the results indicated that all proposed models outperformed the SRM, GRM, and GPCM in terms of parameter recovery and model fit. An application illustration of the MS-IRMs in comparison with traditional models was demonstrated by using real data from TIMSS 2007.</p>","PeriodicalId":48300,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychological Measurement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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