中国经济评论最新文献

{"title":"High-level opening-up and enterprise innovation resilience: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment of China's belt and road initiative","authors":"Leilei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yichen Yao ,&nbsp;Peipei Sun ,&nbsp;Ziping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the complex scenario of the reversing globalization trend and the intensifying technological hegemony, enterprise innovation resilience has transcended the realm of micro-enterprise development to the institutional design level that ensures the security and dominance of China's high-level opening-up strategy. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), as the most representative policy of high-level opening-up, has achieved notable milestones. Based on data from A-share listed companies in China from 2009 to 2023, we use a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach to analyze the impact, mechanisms, and spillover effects of the BRI. The results show that the BRI significantly enhances enterprise innovation resilience by stimulating innovation motivation, providing innovation opportunities, and improving innovation capabilities, as identified through the Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) model. Additionally, the BRI facilitates Chinese firms' integration into global value chains and enhances their flexibility within domestic supply chains. The impact is particularly pronounced for State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), firms in eastern regions, and those in national innovation pilot cities. Our research provides crucial insights for policy-making concerning high-level opening-up and the cultivation of the innovative resilience of Chinese enterprises under the corresponding policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102485"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did early diagnostic confirmation save lives during the COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence from China","authors":"Simiao Chen ,&nbsp;Zhangfeng Jin ,&nbsp;Till Bärnighausen ,&nbsp;David E. Bloom","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the impact of early diagnostic confirmation on the COVID-19 pandemic in a developing country. Using a dataset of the first laboratory-confirmed cases across Chinese cities and an instrumental variable strategy to address endogeneity, we show that reducing the time to publicly confirm the first case in a city by one day led to reductions of 9.4 % in COVID-19 prevalence and 12.7 % in mortality over the subsequent six months. The impact was more pronounced in cities farther from the COVID-19 epicenter, with lower migration exposure, more responsive public health systems, and lower health system capacity utilization. Enhanced social distancing and a less overstressed health system likely drove these effects. Our findings underscore the importance of allocating resources to improve diagnostic technologies; strengthening public health emergency response systems to test for, diagnose, and announce cases of infection; and acting swiftly when facing a potential outbreak.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102487"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does capital market liberalization shape corporate shadow banking? Evidence from China","authors":"Deng-Kui Si ,&nbsp;Guanchun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how capital market liberalization shapes corporate shadow banking, utilizing panel data for China's non-financial listed firms. We find the liberalization reform of capital market significantly inhibits corporate shadow banking through the channels of alleviating financing constraints, improving capital allocation efficiency, and enhancing credit allocation quality. The inhibitory effect is more evident for firms experiencing severe financing constraints, larger financing gaps, higher external financing dependence, and fewer investment opportunities. This paper explores the micro-level mechanisms through which macro institutional reforms affect firms' behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102484"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free teacher education in rural China: Incentives and challenges1","authors":"Xiaoyang Ye ,&nbsp;Muxin Zhai ,&nbsp;Li Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2007, China launched a nationwide Free Teacher Education (FTE) program, offering conditional tuition waivers and stipends to teaching-track students at six elite teachers' colleges. This study examines the impacts of three phases of the FTE program on college admission outcomes in Ningxia, a rural and racially diverse province. Using administrative data on College Entrance Exams (CEEs) and admission records between 2003 and 2018, we find that the program's initial phase motivated applications from disadvantaged students but did not significantly improve the academic qualification of admitted students. In contrast, later phases attracted high-performing applicants, especially in STEM disciplines, raising the admission standards by up to 7 percentiles. However, the increased competition unintentionally deterred financially constrained students, reducing their representation among the program's admitted cohorts. We supplement our analysis with a randomized survey experiment at a large high school in Ningxia to uncover the behavioral mechanisms underlying our findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102486"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic well-being and farming sustainability when trade shocks occur: Insights from agricultural households","authors":"Dongmin Hu ,&nbsp;Hongyu Nian ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how industrial trade shocks affect agricultural sustainability and economic well-being of rural households. Drawing upon Chinese National Fixed Point Survey data of agricultural households, we find that a positive industrial trade shock significantly contributes to environmental degradation in rural areas, primarily due to the increased use of pesticides and fertilizers. However, it also generates diverse income sources for rural households, creating job opportunities beyond agriculture and enhancing their overall economic well-being. Our analysis offers a comprehensive investigation of the adaptation behaviors of rural households concerning labor allocation, crop planting, and land utilization. The underlying mechanisms indicate that a positive trade shock prompts a reallocation of household labor from agricultural activities to non-agricultural employment, as well as a transition in land utilization from cereal crops to cash crops. These transformations contribute to increased income for agricultural households; however, they also necessitate greater land area for cash crop production and an intensified reliance on pesticides and fertilizers. Overall, this study clarifies the channels through which industrial trade shocks can impact the economic well-being, resource reallocation, and sustainability of rural communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102476"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Place-based policies, creation and reallocation effects on city exports: Insights from China's cross-border E-commerce comprehensive pilot zones","authors":"Shiyu Cheng ,&nbsp;Yaxiang Song ,&nbsp;Yao Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the impact of a significant export-oriented place-based policy, China's Cross-Border <em>E</em>-commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zones (CPZs), on city exports. Employing a generalized difference-in-differences approach, we find that the CPZ program substantially enhances exports in both the host cities and their neighboring non-CPZ cities within the same provinces. The policy's positive effects are more pronounced for exporters than for producers. Further analysis reveals that initiatives promoting offline agglomeration positively affect both exporters and producers. We also observe notable heterogeneity in CPZ effectiveness based on local political capacity, geographic location, and administrative status. This paper provides new insights into how place-based policies reshape the spatial layout of the export industry, highlighting the heterogeneous effects of specific policy measures on different participants along the value chain and the spillover effects across regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Import diversification, market risk co-movement and Agri-food supply chain resilience","authors":"Xixi Li ,&nbsp;Hongman Liu ,&nbsp;Zhuang Wang,&nbsp;Hongsong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As China becomes more deeply integrated into the global value chains and global trade volatility intensifies, mitigating risks in the Agri-food supply chain and safeguarding food security have emerged as critical strategic priorities for national economic stability and public welfare. This study investigates the impact of import diversification on Agri-food supply chain resilience, explores how market risk co-movement dynamically influences the effectiveness of diversification strategy, and validates the findings using survival analysis. The results suggest that import diversification significantly mitigates the risk of supply chain disruptions faced by Agri-food enterprises. However, market risk co-movement undermines the effectiveness of the import diversification strategy, thereby diminishing its positive impact on supply chain resilience. This conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness and endogeneity checks, including alternative diversification measures, adjustments for data quality, and the exclusion of potential policy-related distortions. The heterogeneity analysis reveals that the resilience-enhancing effect of diversification is more pronounced when Agri-food enterprises act as lead firms, operate at a mature stage, are state-owned, and source imports from markets with established trade agreements with China. Further analysis indicates that, due to the “ripple effect” within the supply chain, import uncertainty in the upstream segments—Induced by market risk co-movement—Is transmitted along the supply chain, thereby increasing the risk of decoupling. In addition, the relationship between import diversification and supply chain resilience is found to be nonlinear. The improvement of Agri-food supply chain resilience is not an automatic outcome of increased import diversification, but rather a phased effect moderated by market risk co-movement. Grounded in the concept of risk co-movement, this study offers a novel perspective on diversification strategies and provides practical insights for Chinese Agri-food enterprises to enhance supply chain risk management and promote supply chain stability</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science and city: Exploring science's contribution to China's urban technological innovation","authors":"Xin Dai ,&nbsp;Jie Tang ,&nbsp;Deyun Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although science plays an ever more vital role in the modern knowledge economy, its influence over regional innovation remains highly uneven across space. Using panel data of 269 Chinese cities from 2000 to 2017, this paper investigates the spatial dynamics between local scientific knowledge and regional technological innovation. Our results reveal that: (1) local scientific knowledge, including applied science and basic science, significantly enhances regional innovation output, with persistent effects diminishing over time. (2) The efficiency of scientific knowledge's transformation varies across city scales: medium and mega cities convert science into innovation more efficiently, while only super cities can turn basic science into highly original breakthrough inventions. (3) Within metropolitan regions, science-intensive cities foster outward knowledge spillover beyond their administrative boundaries thus provide knowledge sources for innovation in much wider areas, whereas industry-specialized cities’ innovation benefits from both local and external scientific inputs. (4) Mechanism analysis highlights that regional absorptive capacity and university-industry collaboration are key channels, while interactions with local innovation ecosystems and supporting environments further facilitate such transformation process. This paper offers rich policy implications for fostering science-led regional development through tailored place-based urban innovation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102461"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misallocation in China: Evidence from China's business registration reform","authors":"Xiaoying Yang ,&nbsp;Bo Jiang ,&nbsp;Ye Bai ,&nbsp;Liang Fu ,&nbsp;Bozhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of entry deregulation on resource misallocation by exploring a pilot of China's business registration reform in Guangdong province. We use a staggered difference-in-differences approach and show that the reform increased capital and labor inputs by 82.2 % and 38.3 %, respectively, in high-productivity compared to low-productivity industries. These increases led to a convergence in productivity, as high-productivity industries experienced declines of 49.6 % and 37.4 %, respectively in capital and labor productivity. For firms in the same industry, the deregulation resulted in 28.6 % and 27.9 % increases in capital and labor inputs and 32.5 % and 32.2 % reductions in capital and labor productivity for high-productivity relative to low-productivity firms. Our findings suggest that the reform facilitated resource reallocation across industries and improved efficiency by channeling capital toward more productive firms within the same sector, reducing misallocation at the inter- and intra-industry levels. The results of this paper offer insights regarding the reform of new business registration through the amendment of China's company law.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102452"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivating equality: The effect of traditional farming practices on gender disparity in China","authors":"Jun Wang ,&nbsp;James B. Ang","doi":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chieco.2025.102455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the impact of labor demand in traditional farming on contemporary gender equality in China. We hypothesize that regions characterized by agro-climatic conditions favorable to labor-intensive crop cultivation historically fostered greater involvement of female family members in agricultural work. Such participation not only contributed to household income but also elevated women’s social status. To examine this hypothesis, we analyze county-level data on labor input requirements for major crops in China. The results indicate that regions with higher agricultural labor demand exhibit more balanced sex ratios at birth. Tests on potential mechanisms suggest that the historical need for female farm labor prompted shifts in gender perceptions, reshaping social attitudes and norms toward greater equity that persist to the present. These findings support the notion that the roots of contemporary gender equality can be traced to women’s historical participation in farming and highlight the importance of improving women’s access to land and labor market opportunities to address persistent gender disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48285,"journal":{"name":"中国经济评论","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}