e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasonic evaluation of hydrogen concentration and hydride properties in zirconium alloys","authors":"A. Karpelson","doi":"10.58286/28898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28898","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Various ultrasonic techniques and transducers, used for CANDU reactor pressure tube inspection to detect areas\u0000\u0000with increased hydrogen concentration, estimate its level, and determine the hydride platelet features (dimensions,\u0000\u0000orientation, and spacing), are described and analyzed. Obtained results (theoretical and experimental) have\u0000\u0000demonstrated that using ultrasound, it is quite possible to perform the inspection to detect the tube areas with\u0000\u0000increased hydrogen concentration and estimate the hydride properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of Non-Destructive Evaluation and Probabilistic Damage Tolerance Cosimulation for Fracture Risk Reduction","authors":"Fabrice Foucher, Sébastien Lonné, Philippe Dubois, Stéphane Leberre, Pierre Calmon, Michael Enright, Yasin Zaman","doi":"10.58286/28830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28830","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the damage tolerance approach used to drive aircraft maintenance operations, it is essential to demonstrate the reliability of NDE inspections in detecting structural damage especially for additively manufactured components since this process produces components that may introduce material anomalies at any location within a component. The Probability Of Detection curve (POD) that links the probability to detect a detrimental flaw to its size is generally used as a key indicator for that purpose by giving the maximum flaw size that a NDE process can miss with a given level of probability and confidence. This information can then be used along with other inputs such as component geometries, mechanical properties, constraints, service and residual stresses and damage evolution speed to assess fracture risk and then adapt maintenance scenarios to optimize safety and component service life. NDE reliability and risk assessment are based on statistical indicators that need a large amount of data to provide reliable metrics. It is difficult to obtain such indicators using a purely empirical approach that is based on physical trials and measurements as it may involve many mock-ups and costly processes. Simulation tools can achieve this goal via their ability to include and precisely monitor many parameters as well as high computing capacities that are now available. The work presented in this paper involved cosimulations performed between the DARWIN® probabilistic damage tolerance software and the CIVA NDE simulation software. DARWIN computes fracture risk levels throughout a component, while CIVA can efficiently provide Probability Of Detection curves at different locations in a component and for various NDE methods. The presented application deals with a titanium gas turbine engine impeller disk and involves an Ultrasonic NDE inspection technique. It appears to be a very interesting approach to connect together NDE and Fracture mechanics simulations, two disciplines that generally work on their own. Indeed, DARWIN helps the user to determine detrimental flaw types, locations and sizes which are key inputs to develop an effective NDE inspection method. CIVA can provide location-specific POD curves that enable DARWIN to quantity the effect of dedicated NDE on potential risk reduction. This highlights the importance of NDE simulation for safety and helps to identify potential changes in the physical NDE process and the maintenance cycle that provide the best compromise between detection performance and cost.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"45 5-6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135161034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CIVA Modelling Module for Zonal Discrimination Method Part 1-Calibration Block","authors":"Edward Ginzel","doi":"10.58286/28829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28829","url":null,"abstract":"The 2023 edition of CIVA simulation software has incorporated a module specifically designed for pipeline production weld inspections (Automated Ultrasonic Testing or AUT). Both Zonal Discrimination Method (ZDM) and Total Focussing Method (TFM) options have been included. Unlike the standard ultrasonic module, the “AUT” module has provision to run and display the outputs from multiple channels. This allows for the echo-dynamic display to be seen in a view similar to the strip-chart display commonly used with the zonal discrimination method. Having configured the delay laws to generate an acceptable calibration, CIVA tools such as the meta-model and POD modules can then be used to assess the reliability of the setup (including the efficacy of the calibration block design) for a qualification process. This paper illustrates how the calibration block design is executed for the zonal discrimination method. Results are compared to data collected for a field qualification. A subsequent paper is planned to compare the statistical analysis carried out in the field to assess the inspection reliability.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"119 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135217617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Iot and NDT for real Time Monitoring System","authors":"Kuldeep Sharma","doi":"10.58286/28828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28828","url":null,"abstract":"For the findings of non-destructive testing on buildings have only been provided in specific cases. To facilitate all-encompassing quality control throughout the construction's entire lifespan, it might be ideal to integrate the different findings, track their evolution across duration, and apply them when performing on-the-spot maintenance duties. Under the context of building information modelling (BIM), opportunities are established throughout this achievement, enabling the integration of non-destructive testing findings through digital building models. An inventive augmented reality (AR) visualization technique is shown as an illustration of the combined use of planned and measured results. An augmented reality application is being put into place that overlays the camera picture of a tablet looking at a piece of concrete using images captured by radar and ultrasonic sensors of the sample's interior (actual data) and the three-dimensional design layout of the integrated pieces (target data). The geometric relationship between the inner images and the camera image remains intact whenever the device turns or shifts. Therefore, the device's display provides a view inside the concrete structure's interior. The procedures required to prepare and evaluate the findings of non-destructive testing have been collected, and potential markers for linking the physical and digital realms have been explored. The objective is to assess the state, enable model-based examination, and upkeep operations instantly within the framework by enhancing the preparation of data as well as evaluation outcomes with extra data and displaying the findings in their actual situations.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"65 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135221717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpolated Plane Wave Imaging: IPWI","authors":"Roberto Henry Herrera, Jorge Nustes, Duc Nguyen, Adrianus Elvers","doi":"10.58286/28715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28715","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers a solution to the problems caused by sub-Nyquist spatial sampling in ultrasound image generation, which can result in aliasing and grating lobes in Full Matrix Capture (FMC) and Plane Wave Imaging (PWI). Neglecting the spatial sampling requirements can lead to artifacts that compromise the accuracy of ultrasound image interpretation. Although limiting the transducer element pitch to half the wavelength can alleviate grating lobes, it can also cause reduced energy transmission and limit the method's applicability in thick-walled structures. Similarly, using sparse techniques to increase acquisition speed by subsampling the firing elements is also constrained by the sampling criterion. To address these challenges, we introduce an interpolation step to PWI, which overcomes ambiguities imposed by the sampling theorem and improves image quality and acquisition speed.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135457020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asset Assessment of Concrete Structure","authors":"Wai Lai Ying, Afshin Sadri","doi":"10.58286/28710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28710","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructures which were constructed in the last century are approaching or have exceeded their design life. It is essential to maintain, repair and rehabilitate existing structures to ensure safety and develop a sensible rehabilitation plan. This paper suggests an inspection program for the condition evaluation of existing structures, particularly for structures that are approaching or exceeding their design/campaign lives. Cracking on concrete bridges is often induced by static and cyclic temperature loading. Throughout the service life of the structure, cracks will initiate, propagate, coalesce and form a greater damaged zone. Depending on the location and severity of the crack network; corrosion of reinforcement, debonding between concrete and reinforcement, and spalling of concrete may occur. The implementation of regular inspection or monitoring of structural condition is an essential component of asset management. Early detection of damaged zones can ease scheduling and reduce the cost of repair, which in turn also allows extension of structural lifespan without compromising safety. Similarly, for industrial properties, asset management and rehabilitation programs are paramount as they can significantly reduce capital expenditures in asset maintenance, if implemented prior to or at the early onset of structural degradation. This paper illustrates the use of NDT techniques for the condition assessment of a prestressed concrete bridge, as well as concrete storage silos. Both of which were either approaching or have exceeded their design campaign life and were needing a proper rehabilitation plan. The assessment included crack movement monitoring, crack depth determination, concrete strength estimation, and the detection of debonding between rebar and concrete.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135456868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMAT Generated Guided Waves in Pipes","authors":"Azhar Memon, Luai M. Alhems","doi":"10.58286/28711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28711","url":null,"abstract":"Pipeline integrity is a must to maintain for the oil and gas industry to avoid downtimes in case of disastrous events. Following this line, pipelines are periodically inspected to know their condition and make timely decisions for replacement or repair. Nondestructive testing thus comes into play, which employs methods that generally do not require decommissioning or dismantling of pipelines, and mature technologies exist for carrying out such tests. These inspection methods use a variety of sensor technologies based on different physical principles such as acoustic emission, ultrasonic testing using a piezoelectric or electromagnetic transducer, eddy-current, magnetic flux, to name a few. This paper gives a detailed review of the applications of electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for guided waves (GW) ultrasonic inspection of pipelines. In addition, it discusses related applications such as ultrasonic communication over pipelines and flow-rate measurement using GWs. As observed from the literature, the subject has gained equal attention from academia and industry within the last decade, and it is, therefore, important and would be helpful to compile all the results and present open areas of research along with the current trends.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135456869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TFM imaging simulations of defects near or in the weld bevel: modelling approach and customized finite element tools","authors":"Nicolas Leymarie, Alexandre Imperiale, Jordan Barras, Pierre-Emile Lhuillier, Pierre-Emile Lhuillier, Andreas Schumm, Yann Gélébart, Edouard Demaldent","doi":"10.58286/28707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28707","url":null,"abstract":"In safety-critical industries, including the nuclear sector, ultrasonic testing (UT) of welded components is an area of continuous improvement. We have collaborated on developing advanced UT simulation tools to address challenges in monitoring and imaging defects near or within a weld bevel. These tools, integrated into the CIVA software platform, use hybrid approaches combining ray models and finite elements (FE) to accurately simulate wave propagation and diffraction phenomena in both 2D and 3D inspection configurations. While computation time is longer compared to ray-based approaches, the results serve as a reference for improving reliability and validating simulation tools. A comprehensive parameterization of the weld is proposed, utilizing knowledge on anisotropy, attenuation properties, and variations within the bevel, to achieve reliable UT results. This paper reviews the new features developed, including the integration of the MINA model for the weld description and improvements in bevel geometry. The automated coupling methodology and meshing procedures, which do not require any specific numerical expertise to be used, are discussed. As an application, we present TFM imaging simulations, comparing results from the standard paraxial ray-based approach with the new module utilizing the FE computational core.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Applications of AI, Machine Learning, and Smart Technologies in Non destructive Testing (NDT)","authors":"Kuldeep Sharma","doi":"10.58286/28706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28706","url":null,"abstract":"Several industries use non-destructive testing (NDT) methods to check the properties of parts and structures for flaws and oddities without affecting the part's stability or causing damage to the part being checked. It involves surveillance. Situation of the materials (Material State Awareness (MSA)) and the structural health monitoring (SHM). Using NDT procedures can help eliminate potential losses and risks associated with component failures while reducing both money and time by not sacrificing its reliability and upcoming utilization. On the other hand, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are practical instruments that can aid in automated data collection and analysis, offering fresh insights and perhaps enhancing detection efficiency at a high cost quickly and easily. The present research provides an overview of modern AI-ML NDT algorithms and their applications of associated with smart technologies, such as digital twins and machine vision (MV).","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the impedance spectroscopy method (MSID2/3) for NDT and SHM research in the power industry","authors":"Zbigniew Hilary Żurek, B. Chmiela, T. Jasiński, Barbara Solecka","doi":"10.58286/28697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58286/28697","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a method for diagnosing steel blades of a high pressure steam turbine by analyzing the frequency of the electrical and magnetic parameters of the material during its operation. The methodology is historically derived from the analysis of normalized impedance components for defect detection and material selection. It was developed by and his research team. The extended possibilities of diagnostic tests of Multipoint Impedance Spectroscopy (SID2/3) are described, including material degradation processes and not only con tinuity defects. The test results were compared with structural studies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X ray spectrometry (EDS) and wavelength dispersive (WDS). Impedance spectroscopy takes a significant place in diagnostic tests (NDT and SHM) in domestic literature and, thanks to the author, also in foreign literature. The topic was also presented at the World NDT Congress in Munich in 2018 [23]. Articles on this topic can be found on the NDT.net website [24]. Impedance spectroscopy is the subjec t of two doctoral theses and the promotion of Doctors of Technical Sciences [27, 28]. The thematic area covered by this article is mainly aimed at comparing the results with several selected methods.","PeriodicalId":482749,"journal":{"name":"e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135324336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}