Government Information Quarterly最新文献

A more secure framework for open government data sharing based on federated learning 基于联合学习的更安全的开放式政府数据共享框架

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101981

Xingsen Zhang

{"title":"A more secure framework for open government data sharing based on federated learning","authors":"Xingsen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Open government data, abbreviated as OGD, attracts significant public interest with substantial social value recently, which enables the government to make more accurate and efficient decisions based on real and comprehensive data. It also helps break down information silos, improve service quality and management efficiency, and enhance public trust in government activities. This is crucial for advancing public management modernization, fostering technological innovation, and strengthening governance capabilities. The focus of this study is how to solve the problem of more secure sharing of OGD. And we developed a more secure framework for open government data sharing based on federated learning. Inspired by the government data authorization operation model, this framework includes four categories of participants: OGD providers, OGD collectors, OGD operators, and OGD users. We further analyzed modeling techniques for horizontal federated learning, vertical federated learning, and federated transfer learning. By applying this framework to typical scenarios in China, its actual effectiveness has been illustrated in preventing information leakage, protecting data privacy, and improving model security, providing more reliable and efficient solutions for government governance and public services. Future research can continuously explore the application of privacy-computing-related technologies in secure sharing of OG to further enhance data security and the potential of OGD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101981"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does trust in government moderate the perception towards deepfakes? Comparative perspectives from Asia on the risks of AI and misinformation for democracy 对政府的信任会缓和对深度假新闻的看法吗？从亚洲的比较视角看人工智能和错误信息对民主的风险

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101980

Taberez Ahmed Neyazi , Arif Hussain Nadaf , Khai Ee Tan , Ralph Schroeder

{"title":"Does trust in government moderate the perception towards deepfakes? Comparative perspectives from Asia on the risks of AI and misinformation for democracy","authors":"Taberez Ahmed Neyazi , Arif Hussain Nadaf , Khai Ee Tan , Ralph Schroeder","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have recently been growing global concerns about misinformation, and more specifically about how deepfake technologies have been used to run disinformation campaigns. These concerns, in turn, have influenced people's perceptions of deepfakes, often associating them with threats to democracy and fostering less positive views. But does high trust in government mitigate these influences, thereby strengthening positive perceptions of deepfakes? In a cross-national survey conducted in Malaysia, Singapore, and India, we found no evidence of a negative association either between concern about the spread of misinformation online or perceived risks of AI to democracy, with positive attitudes towards deepfakes. However, when accounting for the moderating factor of trust in government, respondents in Singapore who have high trust levels exhibited more positive attitudes towards deepfakes, despite their concerns about misinformation. Similarly, higher trust in government correlated with more favorable perceptions of deepfakes even among those who view AI as a risk to democracy; this effect is evident across all three countries. In the conclusion, we spell out the implications of these findings for politics in Asia and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101980"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Open government data and self-efficacy: The empirical evidence of micro foundation via survey experiments 开放政府数据与自我效能：通过调查实验的微观基础实证

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101975

Kuang-Ting Tai , Pallavi Awasthi , Ivan P. Lee

{"title":"Open government data and self-efficacy: The empirical evidence of micro foundation via survey experiments","authors":"Kuang-Ting Tai , Pallavi Awasthi , Ivan P. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on the potential impacts of government openness and open government data is not new. However, empirical evidence regarding the micro-level impact, which can validate macro-level theories, has been particularly limited. Grounded in social cognitive theory, this study contributes to the literature by empirically examining how the dissemination of government information in an open data format can influence individuals' perceptions of self-efficacy, a key predictor of public participation. Based on two rounds of online survey experiments conducted in the U.S., the findings reveal that exposure to open government data is associated with decreased perceived self-efficacy, resulting in lower confidence in participating in public affairs. This result, while contrary to optimistic assumptions, aligns with some other empirical studies and highlights the need to reconsider the format for disseminating government information. The policy implications suggest further calibration of open data applications to target professional and skilled individuals. This study underscores the importance of experiment replication and theory development as key components of future research agendas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101975"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transforming towards inclusion-by-design: Information system design principles shaping data-driven financial inclusiveness 通过设计实现包容性转型：信息系统设计原则塑造数据驱动的金融包容性

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101979

Reni Sulastri, Marijn Janssen, Ibo van de Poel, Aaron Ding

{"title":"Transforming towards inclusion-by-design: Information system design principles shaping data-driven financial inclusiveness","authors":"Reni Sulastri, Marijn Janssen, Ibo van de Poel, Aaron Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digitalization and datafication of financial systems result in more efficiency, but might also result in the exclusions of certain groups. Governments are looking for ways to increase inclusions and leave no one behind. For this, they must govern an organizational ecosystem of public and private parties. We derive value-based requirements through a systematic research methodology and iteratively refine design principles for achieving inclusivity goals. This refinement process is enriched by interviews with field experts, leading to the formulation of key Design principles: the essential role of inclusive metrics, leveraging alternative data sources, ensuring transparency in loan processes and the ability for decision contestation, providing tailored credit solutions, and maintaining long-term system sustainability. The government's role is to ensure a level playing field where all parties have equal access to the data. Following the principles ensures that exclusion and discrimination become visible and can be avoided. This study underscores the necessity for system-level transformations, inclusion-by-design, and advocacy for a new system design complemented by regulatory updates, new data integration, inclusive AI, and organizational collaborative shifts. These principles can also be used in different data-driven governance situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101979"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging the gap: Towards an expanded toolkit for AI-driven decision-making in the public sector 缩小差距：为公共部门的人工智能驱动决策开发扩展工具包

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101976

Unai Fischer-Abaigar , Christoph Kern , Noam Barda , Frauke Kreuter

{"title":"Bridging the gap: Towards an expanded toolkit for AI-driven decision-making in the public sector","authors":"Unai Fischer-Abaigar , Christoph Kern , Noam Barda , Frauke Kreuter","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AI-driven decision-making systems are becoming instrumental in the public sector, with applications spanning areas like criminal justice, social welfare, financial fraud detection, and public health. While these systems offer great potential benefits to institutional decision-making processes, such as improved efficiency and reliability, these systems face the challenge of aligning machine learning (ML) models with the complex realities of public sector decision-making. In this paper, we examine five key challenges where misalignment can occur, including distribution shifts, label bias, the influence of past decision-making on the data side, as well as competing objectives and human-in-the-loop on the model output side. Our findings suggest that standard ML methods often rely on assumptions that do not fully account for these complexities, potentially leading to unreliable and harmful predictions. To address this, we propose a shift in modeling efforts from focusing solely on predictive accuracy to improving decision-making outcomes. We offer guidance for selecting appropriate modeling frameworks, including counterfactual prediction and policy learning, by considering how the model estimand connects to the decision-maker's utility. Additionally, we outline technical methods that address specific challenges within each modeling approach. Finally, we argue for the importance of external input from domain experts and stakeholders to ensure that model assumptions and design choices align with real-world policy objectives, taking a step towards harmonizing AI and public sector objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101976"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coping with digital transformation in frontline public services: A study of user adaptation in policing 应对一线公共服务的数字化转型：警务用户适应性研究

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101977

Muhammad Afzal , Panos Panagiotopoulos

引用次数: 0

Ironies of automation and their implications for public service automation 自动化的讽刺及其对公共服务自动化的影响

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101974

Ida Lindgren

{"title":"Ironies of automation and their implications for public service automation","authors":"Ida Lindgren","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automation of public service provision has gained renewed attention as emerging technologies are said to enable automation of tasks that were previously seen as requiring human involvement. However, the merits of these automation technologies are often exaggerated. More knowledge is needed on public service automation, and much can be learned from adjacent research fields studying human-automation interaction. To lead by example, this work applies <span><span>Bainbridge's (1983)</span></span> concept of <em>ironies of automation</em>. The purpose is to (1) present ironies of automation, (2) explicate how these ironies can come into play when implementing automated systems in the public service context, and (3) outline implications that follow for public service automation. This is achieved by relating ironies of automation to contemporary studies on Robotic Process Automation (RPA) developments in Swedish local government. The analysis results in five ironies and a set of implications for public service automation. The ironies and implications for public service automation direct attention to key challenges that must be acknowledged in future automation implementations and show that further investigations and theoretical developments are needed on e.g., problems introduced by automation; tasks, roles, and responsibilities that follow on automation; how to design the interface between humans and automated systems in a way that facilitates monitoring, take-over, and maintenance; and, tools and methods for assessing the impact and quality of automated systems. This paper thus provides a foundation for future empirical investigations and further theoretical development on public service automation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101974"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142318994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explainable AI for government: Does the type of explanation matter to the accuracy, fairness, and trustworthiness of an algorithmic decision as perceived by those who are affected? 为政府提供可解释的人工智能：在受影响者看来，解释的类型对算法决策的准确性、公平性和可信度有影响吗？

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101965

Naomi Aoki , Tomohiko Tatsumi , Go Naruse , Kentaro Maeda

{"title":"Explainable AI for government: Does the type of explanation matter to the accuracy, fairness, and trustworthiness of an algorithmic decision as perceived by those who are affected?","authors":"Naomi Aoki , Tomohiko Tatsumi , Go Naruse , Kentaro Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amidst concerns over biased and misguided government decisions arrived at through algorithmic treatment, it is important for members of society to be able to perceive that public authorities are making fair, accurate, and trustworthy decisions. Inspired in part by equity and procedural justice theories and by theories of attitudes towards technologies, we posited that the perception of these attributes of decisions is influenced by the type of explanation offered, which can be input-based, group-based, case-based, or counterfactual. We tested our hypotheses with two studies, each of which involved a pre-registered online survey experiment conducted in December 2022. In both studies, the subjects (<em>N</em> = 1200) were officers in high positions at stock companies registered in Japan, who were presented with a scenario consisting of an algorithmic decision made by a public authority: a ministry's decision to reject a grant application from their company (Study 1) and a tax authority's decision to select their company for an on-site tax inspection (Study 2). The studies revealed that offering the subjects some type of explanation had a positive effect on their attitude towards a decision, to various extents, although the detailed results of the two studies are not robust. These findings call for a nuanced inquiry, both in research and practice, into how to best design explanations of algorithmic decisions from societal and human-centric perspectives in different decision-making contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 4","pages":"Article 101965"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0740624X24000571/pdfft?md5=79e232415d01bd4e88037e2540f7bb9f&pid=1-s2.0-S0740624X24000571-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integral system safety for machine learning in the public sector: An empirical account 公共部门机器学习的整体系统安全：经验之谈

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101963

J. Delfos (Jeroen), A.M.G. Zuiderwijk (Anneke), S. van Cranenburgh (Sander), C.G. Chorus (Caspar), R.I.J. Dobbe (Roel)

{"title":"Integral system safety for machine learning in the public sector: An empirical account","authors":"J. Delfos (Jeroen), A.M.G. Zuiderwijk (Anneke), S. van Cranenburgh (Sander), C.G. Chorus (Caspar), R.I.J. Dobbe (Roel)","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces systems theory and system safety concepts to ongoing academic debates about the safety of Machine Learning (ML) systems in the public sector. In particular, we analyze the risk factors of ML systems and their respective institutional context, which impact the ability to control such systems. We use interview data to abductively show what risk factors of such systems are present in public professionals' perceptions and what factors are expected based on systems theory but are missing. Based on the hypothesis that ML systems are best addressed with a systems theory lens, we argue that the missing factors deserve greater attention in ongoing efforts to address ML systems safety. These factors include the explication of safety goals and constraints, the inclusion of systemic factors in system design, the development of safety control structures, and the tendency of ML systems to migrate towards higher risk. Our observations support the hypothesis that ML systems can be best regarded through a systems theory lens. Therefore, we conclude that system safety concepts can be useful aids for policymakers who aim to improve ML system safety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 3","pages":"Article 101963"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0740624X24000558/pdfft?md5=535820313d99de364eb4196e987f032a&pid=1-s2.0-S0740624X24000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Untangling the web between digital citizen empowerment, accountability and quality of participation experience for e-government: Lessons from India 解开数字公民赋权、问责制和电子政务参与体验质量之间的联系：印度的经验教训

IF 7.8 1区管理学

Government Information Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.giq.2024.101964

Swapnil Sharma , Arpan K. Kar , M.P. Gupta

{"title":"Untangling the web between digital citizen empowerment, accountability and quality of participation experience for e-government: Lessons from India","authors":"Swapnil Sharma , Arpan K. Kar , M.P. Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.giq.2024.101964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the digital era, governance is undergoing a transformation, moving state–citizen engagement into online realms, where citizens serve as users and collaborators in shaping services and policies. Empowering citizens to act as social innovators on issues affecting their lives and local communities is the key to facilitate this transition. As interactions between the state and citizens become more convenient, governments are increasingly focusing on digital citizen empowerment (DCE) to improve the life of their populace. Our study aims to understand the different dimensions of DCE and how it leads to better participation. It also aims to study the role of people's perception towards accountability mechanisms in place and how they can pave the way to enhanced participation behaviour. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study utilises structural equation modelling to examine the relation among e-participation, DCE, and public and social accountability. The results conceptualise DCE, identifying its four dimensions: emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioural. Furthermore, it underscores the significance of citizens' perceptions of governmental and social accountability in fostering e-participation. These findings are subsequently validated through a focus group discussion involving specialists from relevant fields. The results indicate that behavioural empowerment stands out as the most crucial aspect of DCE and that DCE enhances the quality of participation, with accountability mechanisms playing a pivotal role in achieving this outcome. Additionally, the findings reveal public disenchantment with e-government initiatives due to perceived administrative unresponsiveness. By pinpointing specific dimensions of individual empowerment, this study provides insights for policymakers to deliver accountable e-government services that promote enhanced e-participation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48258,"journal":{"name":"Government Information Quarterly","volume":"41 3","pages":"Article 101964"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0