Journal of the American Planning Association最新文献

{"title":"The Accidental Ecosystem: People and Wildlife in American Cities","authors":"Margot Garcia","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174750","url":null,"abstract":"mate change adaptation, particularly in relation to land use in coastal or flood-prone areas. Elliott avoids the common argument for more individuals to purchase flood insurance, which would enlarge the pool and thus stabilize rates. Instead, she asks us to think beyond individual insurance as the only solution and toward how we can share our collective risks equitably in an increasingly hazardous landscape. The book moves the climate adaptation discussion from one focused solely on what areas are inhabitable and by whom to how we define what risk is and who is responsible for loss and deserving of support.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"259 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42538229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Dreams, American Nightmares: Culture & Crisis in Residential Real Estate From the Great Recession to the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ivis García","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174369","url":null,"abstract":"REFERENCES Been, V., Ellen, I. G., & O’Regan, K. (2019). Supply skepticism: Housing supply and affordability. Housing Policy Debate, 29(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2018.1476899 Naess, P., Saglie, I., & Richardson, T. (2020). Urban sustainability: Is densification sufficient? European Planning Studies, 28(1), 146–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313. 2019.1604633 Zuk, M., & Chapple, K. (2016). Housing production, filtering and displacement: Untangling the relationship. University of California (IGS Research Brief)","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"405 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42007792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Images of Development: City Design in the Global South","authors":"Neema Kudva","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174345","url":null,"abstract":"the “guardian of the public interest” and the only power capable of both protecting people from unscrupulous landlords and maintaining the peaceful coexistence of a diverse populace. These two fundamental colonial commitments collide at each turn in Building Colonial Hong Kong, whether in the provision of sanitation infrastructure, the regulation of working-class housing, the construction of suburban garden cities, or the imposition of rent restrictions. One of Chu’s more arresting examples of this tension is the “Chinese house,” or tong lau, a tenement typology peculiar to Hong Kong. Early urban reformers in the colony routinely pathologized these buildings, blaming them and their inhabitants for the spread of disease. But tong lau were also highly lucrative real estate investments, and the colonial government simultaneously feared that excessive regulation would lower tax revenue. This resulted in a series of half-hearted attempts at reform, often with unintended or perverse consequences. For instance, new regulations requiring backyards were quickly subverted by the construction of tall kitchens at the rear of each lot, effectively producing smoke-filled air shafts. Despite their limited immediate impact, Hong Kong’s early efforts at reforming the tong lau ultimately influenced later housing initiatives, including the colony’s famed public housing program. Chu’s commitment to unearthing such unsuccessful but consequential planning experiments is one of the strongest aspects of the book. Chu also dwells on the repeated effort to establish “European reservations,” such as the well-known Peak district, which reflected similar dynamics. Though these reservations were partly inspired by racial animus, Chu explains how they also reflected residents’ desires to be insulated from the full force of the speculative real estate market. This put racial segregation in direct conflict with the colonial government’s liberal commitment to universal property rights and its need to maximize tax revenue through a competitive housing market. Thus, although parts of Hong Kong were divided into racially exclusive residential zones, they were not nearly so prevalent (or effective) as they might otherwise have been. As Chu persuasively argues, Hong Kong’s early planning was not purely a reflection of top-down colonial power. Both Chinese and European residents opportunistically deployed the contradictions inherent in the colonial project to achieve their own urban development objectives. For instance, Chinese landlords routinely invoked the universalist principles of capitalism and property rights as protection against racially discriminatory policies, and they just as often appealed to racial essentialisms to push back against indiscriminate colonial regulation. The ideological commitment to speculation also served to bridge some of Hong Kong’s racial divides; for instance, by uniting Chinese and European landlords against government regulation. In addition to its f","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"256 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Greening of America’s Building Codes: Promises and Paradoxes","authors":"C. Andrews","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174751","url":null,"abstract":"studies by combining the Great Recession with the COVID-19 housing crisis and situating them within a larger historical framework. Although the book is U.S.-centric and does not provide much of an international comparison, overall, a strength is that the work provides an interdisciplinary investigation from cultural anthropology, history, sociology, economics, and political science. Daniel Horowitz’s unique perspective and insightful analysis of the market and its evolution over the years make it a great resource for planning students, faculty members, practitioners, policy analysts, and anyone looking to gain a better understanding of the state of the residential real estate industry. His clear and engaging writing style makes the book an accessible and enjoyable read, and his expertise and use of historical context make it an invaluable resource for anyone wishing to gain insights into the challenges and successes that come with the pursuit of the American Dream.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"406 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48077333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remaking the American Dream: The Informal and Formal Transformation of Single-Family Housing Cities","authors":"J. Wegmann","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"253 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48484986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Participatory Planning: Citizen Engagement, Democracy, and Design","authors":"Matthew Wargent","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174350","url":null,"abstract":"tation, concentrates on specific cases reflecting experimental urbanism: Masdar City, an eco-city in Abu Dhabi, and Hong Kong’s smart city agenda. The apocalypse, the third section, portrays the results of the experiment, particularly considering the role of artificial intelligence (AI), where cities become autonomous, taking on lives of their own. At the end of Shelley’s Frankenstein, the protagonist must confront what he has produced and the consequences of his actions. The outcome of the experiment is a living, independent, and flawed creature that transforms into something he could not have anticipated. In Cugurullo’s Frankenstein, he examines the challenges of sustainability posed by so-called eco-cities and smart cities, highlighting the elements of their flawed condition. He then examines the growth of urban experiments related to advances in AI that encourage autonomous systems as components of city operations. Cugurullo describes the development of autonomous cities: Spaces, spawned from years of ecoand smart city experiments, in which varied forms of AI from robots to digital platforms execute urban behaviors that have typically been performed by humans. Cugurullo concludes by pointing to the end of the city, not in the sense of a worldwide catastrophe destroying urban development, but rather as the end of these places primarily organized, governed, and sensed by human intelligence. Though dealing with the future, Frankenstein Urbanism does not attempt to foretell it. Rather, the analysis of past and contemporary urban experiments helps to comprehend and critique the current directions of urban development patterns. Victor Frankenstein’s story serves as a cautionary tale: The outcome of Frankenstein’s experiment spirals out of control and proves fatal. Similarly, showing how the transition from ecoand smart to autonomous city planning is leading to the creation of urban environments that humans can only partially comprehend, manage, and, in some cases, be compatible with, Cugurullo warns us that cities and plan-making should exercise caution as they head into the future. He also contends that eventually, we all will need to adapt to the consequences of these experiments. Viewing city development through the lens of Shelley’s early science fiction makes for good storytelling as well as thoughtful analysis of the case studies of Masdar City and Hong Kong. Like many portrayals of future cities, this is a dystopian tale and a fascinating journey for planning practitioners or academics interested in the past, present, or future structure of cities. Cugurullo’s Frankenstein holds open the chances for us to better understand our assumptions, improve upon the science, or choose not to experiment at all. I do not think planners (or Frankenstein) should opt for the latter. Finally, Shelley’s comparison of Victor to Prometheus has interesting connotations for urban planners given that in Greek mythology, Prometheus (derived from forethinker) empow","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"262 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43592547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Justice at Work: The Rise of Economic and Racial Justice Coalitions in Cities","authors":"Max Buchholz","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174753","url":null,"abstract":"while displacing the poor in the name of modernization. Saito demonstrates the pervasiveness and longevity of these practices as they directly provided the political and economic scaffolding for gentrification well into the 2000s. Local political officials directly underwrite the development of private projects that favor affluent communities, placing the “burden of redevelopment” on the poorest in the city and perpetuating long-standing histories of displacement (p. 41). Saito’s third contribution identifies a pivotal political opportunity in the 1990s under a changing political and demographic context in the city that helped give rise to a growth-with-equity coalition, a progressive force that unified labor unions, community organizations, faithbased groups, and residents in pursuit of equitable development. The coalition introduced a strategy that organized downtown communities threatened with displacement into the local political process of development. At the same time, the coalition mobilized to pressure developers receiving public subsidy to build with the needs of the communities they were displacing in mind, while scaling up their demands to pressure city officials to make equitable development a citywide standard. From these collective efforts grew the first community benefits agreements in the United States along with a broader policy framework and prolific community organizations, like Strategic Action for a Just Economy and the Los Angeles Community Action Network, that continue to shape progressive politics in Los Angeles today. This book speaks to multiple audiences, including scholars and practitioners working across disciplines and professions. It fills a gap in the history of downtown urban development, demonstrating how racial–spatial formation shapes the political landscape through which development plans are materialized and struggled over by various local actors. It complicates normative conceptualizations of the nature of redevelopment and the role of municipal policy in ongoing processes of racialization. For all audiences, this text calls us to critically interrogate development projects, especially those underwritten by public dollars, as well as corresponding narratives of modernization. It calls us to ask who such projects serve and who shoulders the costs of progress in gentrifying cities.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"401 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48125989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underwater: Loss, Flood Insurance, and the Moral Economy of Climate Change in the United States","authors":"M. Meyer","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"258 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49418636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parks for Profit: Selling Nature in the City","authors":"A. Rigolon","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"260 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42092028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Frankenstein Urbanism: Eco, Smart and Autonomous Cities, Artificial Intelligence and the End of the City</i>","authors":"Thomas W. Sanchez","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2174349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2174349","url":null,"abstract":"\"Frankenstein Urbanism: Eco, Smart and Autonomous Cities, Artificial Intelligence and the End of the City.\" Journal of the American Planning Association, 89(2), pp. 261–262 Additional informationNotes on contributorsThomas W. SanchezTHOMAS W. SANCHEZ is professor of urban affairs and planning at Virginia Tech. His interests include cities, justice, technology, and scholarly impact.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136335653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}