European Sociological Review最新文献_第6页

Leaving the bike unlocked: trust discrimination in inter-ethnic encounters 解锁自行车：种族间遭遇信任歧视

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad045

Georg Kanitsar

引用次数: 0

Transformed ‘postmodern’ life courses? Continuity and change in young adults’ labour market trajectories in Norway 转变了“后现代”的人生历程？挪威年轻人劳动力市场轨迹的连续性和变化

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad043

Mari Amdahl Heglum

{"title":"Transformed ‘postmodern’ life courses? Continuity and change in young adults’ labour market trajectories in Norway","authors":"Mari Amdahl Heglum","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accounts of contemporary youth often take increased variability in the young adult life course for granted. However, we lack studies examining variability in the labour market domain during the rapid globalization of the three most recent decades. Employing the theoretical concepts of differentiation and de-standardization, cross-cohort change is evaluated for young adults in Norway, separately by gender and social origin. Using high-quality registry data (N = 1,081,702), 20 complete birth cohorts are followed from age 22 to 31, spanning the years 1993–2017. Adding to the theoretical discussion of life-course change, variability is evaluated alongside changes in the specific valued content of trajectories—denoted as the quality of labour market attachment. Results show modestly declining trajectory variability. Simultaneously, the quality of male and female labour market attachment changes in opposing normative directions. Female trajectories remain more complex and insecure than men’s but show improvements across the 1990s. Among men, especially those of low social origin, labour market trajectories become more precarious. Results challenge the common notion that young adults generally go through increasingly insecure school-to-work trajectories. Instead, findings indicate that social origin interacts with historical time in differing ways among men and women, producing intersectional patterns of continuity and change.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48183712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A distaste for insecurity: job preferences of young people in the transition to adulthood 对不安全感的厌恶：向成年过渡的年轻人的工作偏好

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad041

Lin Rouvroye, H. van Dalen, K. Henkens, J. Schippers

{"title":"A distaste for insecurity: job preferences of young people in the transition to adulthood","authors":"Lin Rouvroye, H. van Dalen, K. Henkens, J. Schippers","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Given the trend towards labour market flexibility in various European countries, this article examines whether the offered type of employment contract has an impact on young people’s ratings of the attractiveness of a job. It empirically assesses the notion that young people’s preference for secure employment increases as they transition into adulthood. We conducted a factorial survey among a representative sample of 1,025 people aged 18–35 years old in the Netherlands. Participants were asked to evaluate hypothetical job offers. Results show that, compared with a permanent contract, the offer of a temporary contract for 3 years has a small negative effect on young adults’ job ratings, whereas offers of an agency contract or an on-call contract have a large negative effect. In line with our predictions, this preference for job security is stronger for men and women who have left the parental home or who have entered parenthood. For men, we also find that their preference for job security is even stronger if they have entered a romantic relationship. These findings suggest that young adults regard insecure employment undesirable, but that, based on their overrepresentation in non-standard employment, their preferences are often not met.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47120532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Parental unemployment and adolescents’ subjective wellbeing—the moderating role of educational policies 父母失业与青少年主观幸福感——教育政策的调节作用

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad038

A. Baranowska-Rataj, Björn Högberg, L. Bernardi

引用次数: 0

Do grandparents really matter? The effect of regular grandparental childcare on the second-birth transition 祖父母真的重要吗?祖父母定期照顾对二胎过渡的影响

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad040

Roberta Rutigliano

{"title":"Do grandparents really matter? The effect of regular grandparental childcare on the second-birth transition","authors":"Roberta Rutigliano","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the last five decades, almost all European countries have experienced a decline in actual fertility, but not in desired fertility. The incompatibility of motherhood and paid work has been identified as one of the main drivers of women’s unrealized fertility desires. Regular grandparental childcare might reduce mothers’ work–family conflicts, increasing their chances of having a second birth. An extensive literature has estimated the role of grandparenting in adult children’s fertility. However, less attention has been devoted to the direct role of regular grandparental childcare, which is among the main resources in women’s reconciliation strategies. This article contributes to this debate by estimating the causal effect of regular grandparental childcare on women’s chances of having a second child. Using data from the first five waves of the Millennium Cohort Study, I implement an instrumental variable approach. I observe a strong and positive effect of regular grandparental childcare on women’s likelihood of having a second birth. This effect remains strong and positive net of women’s partnership status and income and educational levels. These results highlight the importance of the affordability and the availability of childcare for the decision to have a second child and the need for more supportive childcare policies.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43045365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Social capital is associated with cooperation and indirect norm enforcement in the field: behavioural evidence from Switzerland 社会资本与该领域的合作和间接规范执行有关：来自瑞士的行为证据

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad039

J. Berger

{"title":"Social capital is associated with cooperation and indirect norm enforcement in the field: behavioural evidence from Switzerland","authors":"J. Berger","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Social capital, comprising networks, generalized trust, and cooperation norms, is often considered a key factor in promoting prosperity and cooperation. Informal norm enforcement also drives cooperation. While early theories of social capital and norm enforcement propose that networks encourage sanctions, strong reciprocity theory argues that sanctioning non-cooperation is a universal preference. In the lab, people uphold cooperation through sanctions without networks, but this occurs only in regions characterized by high trust levels and strong cooperation norms outside the laboratory. Are trust, cooperation, and enforcement linked in the field, and if so, what are the generative mechanisms? In two neighbourhoods of Bern, one high in social capital and one low, we linked indicators of social capital and expected norm compliance from resident surveys (N = 466) with cooperation, measured with the lost-letter technique (N = 240), and norm enforcement, measured with reactions to transgressions of the antilittering norm (N = 123). Cooperation and indirect enforcement were more prevalent in the high social capital neighbourhood. Direct enforcement was rare in both neighbourhoods. The less optimistic expectations of cooperation and norm compliance prevalent in the low social capital neighbourhood can potentially explain the lower levels of cooperation and norm enforcement.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42084712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timing of citizenship acquisition and immigrants’ children educational outcomes: a family fixed-effects approach 获得公民身份的时机与移民子女的教育成果：一种家庭固定效应方法

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad027

Marie Labussière

引用次数: 0

How women’s employment instability affects birth transitions: the moderating role of family policies in 27 European countries 妇女就业不稳定如何影响生育过渡：27个欧洲国家家庭政策的调节作用

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad037

Chen-Hao Hsu

{"title":"How women’s employment instability affects birth transitions: the moderating role of family policies in 27 European countries","authors":"Chen-Hao Hsu","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad037","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Why women in some countries are more likely than others to postpone childbirth when facing employment instability? This study uses 2010–2019 EU-SILC panel data to explore whether the impacts of women’s employment instability, including being unemployed or temporarily employed by fixed-term contracts, on the first- and second-birth transitions differ across 27 European countries and how governments’ provisions of different family policies moderate such relationships. Results showed that while unemployment and temporary employment could generally delay women’s first- and second-birth transition, such effects varied across European countries and depended on the levels of family policy provisions. Countries with more generous family cash benefits were associated with less negative and even positive effects of women’s employment instability on birth transitions. On the other hand, the birth effects of women’s employment instability did not vary significantly across countries according to the length of paid maternity/parental leaves. Most strikingly, countries with higher childcare coverage rates were associated with more negative effects of women’s employment instability on birth transitions. These findings highlight the importance of family policy contexts in shaping women’s childbirth responses to unstable employment circumstances.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44503168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Differences in access to social capital across societies 不同社会获得社会资本的机会差异

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad035

G. Otero, Beate Völker, J. Rözer, G. Mollenhorst

{"title":"Differences in access to social capital across societies","authors":"G. Otero, Beate Völker, J. Rözer, G. Mollenhorst","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper explores country-level macro-structural conditions that are associated with social capital, measured as individuals’ access to social resources. To explain differences in social capital across societies, we formulate hypotheses based on welfare state generosity, cultural orientations (collectivism vs. individualism), and income inequality. We test our hypotheses using data from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) 2017, which comprises a total sample size of 50,010 individuals living in 33 countries. We use the position generator survey instrument to build two composite measures of social capital: the diversity and the socio-economic status of social contacts. Multilevel regression models reveal that diversity of social contacts is generally greater among individuals in countries with generous welfare states, while access to contacts of a higher socio-economic status is generally better among individuals in countries with higher levels of individualism. A country’s income inequality is not associated with the social capital of its citizens. However, the association between a person’s socioeconomic status and the diversity of their social capital is moderated by income inequality. As such, our study serves to demonstrate that macro-social conditions at the country level do influence individual social capital and have different implications depending on the dimension considered.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48440155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When mothers do it all: gender-role norms, women’s employment, and fertility intentions in post-industrial societies 当母亲包揽一切:后工业社会中的性别角色规范、女性就业和生育意图

IF 3.2 1区社会学

European Sociological Review Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.1093/esr/jcad036

Sinn Won Han, Ohjae Gowen, M. Brinton

{"title":"When mothers do it all: gender-role norms, women’s employment, and fertility intentions in post-industrial societies","authors":"Sinn Won Han, Ohjae Gowen, M. Brinton","doi":"10.1093/esr/jcad036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcad036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Post-industrial countries with high rates of female labour force participation have generally had low fertility rates, but recent studies demonstrate that this is no longer the case. This has generated increased attention to how greater gender equality in the private sphere of the household may contribute to a positive relationship between women’s employment rates and fertility. Building on recent scholarship demonstrating the multidimensionality of gender-role attitudes, we argue that conversely, the prevalence of a gender-role ideology that supports women’s employment but places greater priority on their role as caregivers may depress the higher-order fertility intentions of working mothers. Using data from 25 European countries, we find that this type of gender-role ideology (egalitarian familism) moderates the relationship between mothers’ full-time employment and their intention to have a second child. This holds even after accounting for key features of the policy environment that are likely to mitigate work–family conflict. The analysis suggests that conflicting normative expectations for women’s work and family roles tend to dampen working mothers’ second-order fertility intentions, independent of work–family reconciliation policies.","PeriodicalId":48237,"journal":{"name":"European Sociological Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47044273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1