Journal of PsychologyPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2023.2221014
Jannatul Shimul Ferdousi, Graham L Bradley, Joan Carlini
{"title":"Through Thick and Thin: Exposure to Instagram Advertisements and Willingness to Engage in Appearance-Altering Practices.","authors":"Jannatul Shimul Ferdousi, Graham L Bradley, Joan Carlini","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2221014","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2221014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Instagram is increasingly used in advertising, yet little is known about the unintended consequences of Instagram advertising on women's and girls' body image. Also largely unexplored is if and how curvy models (large breasts and buttocks, wide hips, and small waist) used in this advertising affect women's and girls' body image. We drew on social comparison and cultivation theories to explore if exposure to thin and curvy models through Instagram advertising is associated with late-adolescent girls' willingness to take action to be thinner or curvier, respectively. Two mediation models examined the mechanisms through which any such effects occur. A sample of 284 17-19 year old girls completed self-administered online questionnaires. Results revealed that exposure to thin and curvy models was positively associated with willingness to take action to be thinner and curvier, respectively. These associations were mediated by thin/curvy body preference (model 1), and by thin/curvy body preference, upward physical appearance comparisons, and body dissatisfaction (model 2). Results suggest that although exposure to different body types may be associated with different types of unhealthy (body-altering) actions, the processes underlying these effects are similar. This research highlights possible cultural shifts toward more diverse body ideals and informs tailored body concern interventions and media literacy programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 6","pages":"367-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of PsychologyPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2023.2250057
Dora Bianchi, Antonia Lonigro, Sara Pompili, Daniele Di Tata, Fiorenzo Laghi
{"title":"Individualism-Collectivism and COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors in Young Adults: The Indirect Effects of Psychological Distress and Pandemic Fears.","authors":"Dora Bianchi, Antonia Lonigro, Sara Pompili, Daniele Di Tata, Fiorenzo Laghi","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2250057","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2250057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stemming on the theoretical framework of individualism-collectivism, this study aims to interpret COVID-19 prevention behaviors in young adults in the light of cultural orientations, hypothesizing the mediating role of two pandemic affects (i.e., fear for COVID-19 consequences and psychological distress during pandemic). Participants were 296 young adults living in Italy (<i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 23.96, <i>SD<sub>age</sub></i> = 3.04; 79.7% women), who completed an online anonymous survey. Data were gathered from December 2020 to May 2021. A path analysis model explored direct and indirect relationships among study variables. Psychological distress significantly reduced the compliance with prevention measures, whereas pandemic fears increased it. The collectivistic orientations (Vertical Collectivism and Horizontal Collectivism) positively predicted prevention behaviors <i>via</i> increasing pandemic fears. The egalitarian dimensions (Horizontal Individualism and Horizontal Collectivism) were positive predictors of compliance <i>via</i> reducing psychological distress during pandemic. Finally, Vertical Individualism was a risk factor that negatively predicted prevention behaviors both directly and indirectly, <i>via</i> increasing psychological distress. The results provide new insights into the emotional mechanisms that link individualism and collectivism orientations to COVID-19 prevention behaviors, with interesting implications for public health policies, prevention, and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"496-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10552022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahdi Amini, Mohammad A Abdolahpur, Bo Bach, Mohammad Darharaj, Iman Hamraz, Arash Javaheri, Mozhgan Lotfi
{"title":"The Relationship between Traumatic Life Events and Polysubstance Use: Examining the Mediating Role of DSM-5 Level of Personality Functioning and Maladaptive Personality Traits.","authors":"Mahdi Amini, Mohammad A Abdolahpur, Bo Bach, Mohammad Darharaj, Iman Hamraz, Arash Javaheri, Mozhgan Lotfi","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2182265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2182265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The experience of traumatic events in childhood is an important risk factor for the initiation and continuation of polysubstance use. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of DSM-5 level of personality functioning and maladaptive personality traits in the relationship between traumatic life events and polysubstance use. We used a mixed sample (<i>N</i><b> </b>=<b> </b>290; <i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 40; <i>SD<sub>age</sub></i> = 12.26; 75.2% males) of patients with substance use disorder (SUD; including 90 mono-drug users and 113 polysubstance users) and non-users (including 87 university students) recruited using convenience sampling method from harm reduction-oriented drug treatment centers and universities respectively in Tehran, Iran. Participants completed the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Brief Form, the Personality Inventory for DSM 5-Brief Form, and the Life Events Checklist-Revised. The results of structural equation modeling showed that DSM-5 level of personality functioning and maladaptive personality traits partially mediated the relationship between traumatic life events and polysubstance use. Experiencing traumatic events may contribute to the risk of polysubstance use through the effect of global personality dysfunction and specific personality traits. This proposed mediational model must be replicated using a longitudinal design across different populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 4","pages":"227-241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9393130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xing Wei, Xi Li, Xiaoqin Teng, Jingyao Bai, Feifei Ren
{"title":"Intergenerational Transmission of Depression during Adolescence: The Mediating Roles of Hostile Attribution Bias, Empathic Concern, and Social Self-Concept.","authors":"Xing Wei, Xi Li, Xiaoqin Teng, Jingyao Bai, Feifei Ren","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2022.2134276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2022.2134276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few studies have empirically examined the role of peer microsystem in the intergenerational transmission of depression, and more importantly, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this potential pathway of intergenerational transmission. The purpose of the current study was to examine the sequential mediation effects of adolescent hostile attribution bias, empathic concern, and social self-concept on the association between maternal depression and adolescent depression. An urban Chinese sample of 761 mother-child dyads was investigated when the adolescents were in secondary school (<i>M</i> = 14.36 years, range =12.33-16.92 years, 52.3% female). The results provided evidence of cross-generational continuity in depression during adolescence, and the hypothesized sequential mediation model was supported. The findings highlight the importance of peer-related factors during the intergenerational transmission of depression and have important implications for interpersonal interventions that aim to prevent depression during adolescence. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are briefly discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 1","pages":"13-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10342759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Upward Social Comparison on SNS Inspire Adolescent Materialism? Focusing on the Role of Self-Esteem and Mindfulness.","authors":"Yu-Ting Hu, Qing-Qi Liu, Zhen-Feng Ma","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2022.2134277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2022.2134277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study tested the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of mindfulness in the association between upward social comparison on social network sites (SNSs) and adolescent materialism. A sample of 880 Chinese adolescents completed measures of upward social comparison on SNSs, materialism, self-esteem, mindfulness, and demographic information. Results showed that self-esteem mediated the link between upward social comparison on SNSs and adolescent materialism. That is, upward social comparison on SNSs was positively associated with adolescent materialism through the decreased self-esteem. Moreover, mindfulness acted as an important moderator in the mediation model. Both the direct association between upward social comparison on SNSs and materialism and the indirect association <i>via</i> self-esteem were moderated by mindfulness. These two associations were both weaker for adolescents with higher mindfulness than for those with lower mindfulness. These findings would advance our understanding of how and when upward social comparison on SNSs is associated with adolescent materialism. Limitations and implications of the present study are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 1","pages":"32-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10709570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Suárez-Castro, María Barroso-Hurtado, Carmela Martínez-Vispo, Elisardo Becoña, Ana López-Durán
{"title":"Boredom Susceptibility and Quit Smoking: The Role of Anxiety Symptoms.","authors":"Daniel Suárez-Castro, María Barroso-Hurtado, Carmela Martínez-Vispo, Elisardo Becoña, Ana López-Durán","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2183933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2183933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Boredom is one of the main reported motives for smoking. However, scarce research has examined the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence achievement in treatment-seeking smokers. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effect of anxiety symptoms in the relationship between boredom susceptibility and abstinence at the end of a smoking cessation treatment. The sample was composed of 481 Spanish smokers who received a cognitive-behavioral treatment to quit (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub>= 45.51, SD = 11.16; 60.6% female). The Boredom Susceptibility subscale of the Sensation Seeking Scale Form-V and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. Pearson correlations and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the study variables. Boredom susceptibility was significantly and positively correlated to anxiety symptoms, but not to abstinence. Anxiety symptoms were significantly and negatively correlated to abstinence. A significant indirect effect of boredom susceptibility on abstinence at the end of treatment through anxiety symptoms was found. There was no direct relation between boredom susceptibility and abstinence. These findings extend previous literature by showing that higher boredom susceptibility is associated with less likelihood to be abstinent at the end of the treatment through higher anxiety symptoms. These results highlight the relevance of considering the inclusion of boredom and anxiety management techniques in smoking cessation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 4","pages":"242-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9393134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyu Geng, Hongxia Wang, Ling Bao, Jing Wang, Xinyi Wei, Biao Li, Li Lei
{"title":"Relationship between Materialism and Social Networking Site Addiction among Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model.","authors":"Jingyu Geng, Hongxia Wang, Ling Bao, Jing Wang, Xinyi Wei, Biao Li, Li Lei","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2198685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2198685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Materialism has been consistently linked to Internet-related addictions, including compulsive online shopping, problematic online gaming, and excessive smartphone use; however, the relationship between materialism and social networking site (SNS) addiction has remained unclear. Thus, this study aims to examine the association between materialism and SNS addiction and investigate the mediating effect of fatalism and moderating effect of self-concept clarity in this relationship among 703 Chinese adolescents. Materialism was significantly positively associated with SNS addiction in adolescents, and fatalism partially mediated this association. Moreover, self-concept clarity moderated the direct and indirect relationships between materialism and SNS addiction. Specifically, for adolescents with low (versus high) self-concept clarity, those who also had high levels of materialism were more likely to develop fatalistic beliefs and showed further symptoms of SNS addiction. This study's findings imply that decreasing materialism and fatalism and developing self-concept clarity might be effective interventions for reducing SNS addiction among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 4","pages":"252-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9400750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactions from the Dark Side: How Does the Dark Tetrad Affect Responses to Daily Abusive Supervision Today and Tomorrow?","authors":"Rushika De Bruin, Lisa M Finkelstein","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2169229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2169229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abusive supervision is a widely-studied phenomenon experienced by a multitude of workers across organizations and occupations. It has typically been conceptualized as a chronic phenomenon with negative outcomes. However, preliminary evidence indicates that conceptualizing abusive supervision as constant may not be accurate, and that its outcomes may vary temporally. This study uses a within-person approach to capture the dynamic nature of abusive supervision and subordinate responses more fully. We surveyed 102 full-time employees from the U.S. who responded to 932 daily surveys assessing personality, workplace behaviors, and justice perceptions. Daily abuse led to lower perceptions of justice and increased retaliation on the same day, but not the following days. Rather, employees who engaged in workplace deviance more often reported more abusive supervision, potentially as a justification for their behavior. Further, justice perceptions predicted increased reports of abuse, indicating that this may be a circular relationship instead of a unidirectional one. Finally, narcissism exacerbated the relationships explored. These results can be used to implement interventions directed at both supervisor behavior and subordinate perceptions and behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 3","pages":"160-191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9108567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Personality and Risk-Perception Profiles with Regard to Subjective Wellbeing and Company Management: Corporate Managers during the Covid-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Marcin Rzeszutek, Adam Szyszka, Szymon Okoń","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2198687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2198687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the role of the Big Five personality traits and risk perception profiles among a sample of corporate managers concerning their subjective wellbeing (SWB) and corporate management practices during the Covid-19 pandemic. Two hundred and fifty-five chief executive officers (CEOs) and chief financial officers (CFOs) of companies listed on the main market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) in Poland participated in the study by completing the Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Ten-Item Personality Inventory, Stimulation-Instrumental Risk Inventory, and a business survey on the Covid-19 pandemic's impact on company management. Latent profile analysis revealed the existence of diverse profiles among the participants regarding personality traits and risk perception, which were variously related to their SWB and managerial practices during the pandemic. It seems that individual differences in personality traits and risk perception not only matter for the individual life satisfaction of managers but may also translate into effective company management in times of crisis. The results of our study may be an adjunct to understanding underlying sources of managerial biases in corporate management as well as to developing more effective methods of psychological counseling of corporate managers, a topic that remains still a highly understudied research area.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 5","pages":"297-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9629140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julian A Nasello, Benoit Dardenne, Michel Hansenne, Adélaïde Blavier, Jean-Marc Triffaux
{"title":"Moral Decision-Making in Trolley Problems and Variants: How Do Participants' Perspectives, Borderline Personality Traits, and Empathy Predict Choices?","authors":"Julian A Nasello, Benoit Dardenne, Michel Hansenne, Adélaïde Blavier, Jean-Marc Triffaux","doi":"10.1080/00223980.2023.2206604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2206604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to demonstrate and extend the causal effect of participants' perspectives on moral decision-making using trolley problems and variants. Additionally, we investigated whether empathy and borderline (BDL) personality traits predicted participants' choices in these scenarios. We used both a classical trolley problem (a causing harm scenario) and an everyday trolley-like problem (a causing inconvenience scenario). Participants (<i>N</i> = 427, women: 54%) completed BDL traits and empathy questionnaires and, randomly, the two types of trolley problems, presenting both three different perspectives. Our study provided strong evidence that the perspective from which participants were enrolled in the trolley problem caused significant changes in their moral decision-making. Furthermore, we found that affective empathy and BDL traits significantly predicted participants' decisions in the causing inconvenience scenario, while only BDL traits predicted choices in the causing harm scenario. This study was original in providing new experimental materials, causal results, and highlighting the significant influence of BDL traits and affective empathy on moral decision-making. These findings raised fundamental questions, which are further developed in the discussion section.</p>","PeriodicalId":48218,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology","volume":"157 5","pages":"318-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9696053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}