Journal of Learning Disabilities最新文献

Effects of Diagnostic Labels for Students With Learning Problems on Teachers’ Stereotypes and Performance Expectations 学习有问题学生的诊断标签对教师的成见和成绩预期的影响

IF 3 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251315187

Linda Kashikar, Timo Lüke, Michael Grosche

{"title":"Effects of Diagnostic Labels for Students With Learning Problems on Teachers’ Stereotypes and Performance Expectations","authors":"Linda Kashikar, Timo Lüke, Michael Grosche","doi":"10.1177/00222194251315187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194251315187","url":null,"abstract":"Labeling students with learning problems may change teachers’ evaluations of them. Our study examined whether the “Special Learning Needs” (SLN) and “Learning Disability” (LD) labels influenced teachers’ beliefs that the diagnosis was correct and activated a low-competence stereotype. We examined whether this stereotype lowered teachers’ performance expectations and teaching intentions. N = 413 general and special education teachers were randomly assigned to the control (no label) or one of the experimental groups (SLN/LD label). All teachers read the description of a fictitious student with learning problems. Only in the experimental groups was the student labeled with an LD or SLN. Results showed that both labels increased teachers’ acceptance of the diagnosis as accurate. However, the labels did not change teachers’ stereotypes of the fictitious student. The LD label lowered some of teachers’ long-term performance expectations, resulting in more track recommendations to a special school. Unexpectedly, the SLN label increased the intention to foster the student’s academic performance. Some performance expectations of special education teachers were lower than those of general education teachers, which did not manifest in different teaching intentions. The findings are discussed in the context of the Dilemma of Difference.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Educators' Perspectives of Working Conditions in Inclusive Elementary Schools.

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251325857

David DeMatthews, Elizabeth Bettini, Bonnie Billingsley, Emily M Burns

引用次数: 0

Considerations for Intensifying Word-Problem Interventions for Students With MD: A Qualitative Umbrella Review of Relevant Meta-Analyses. 加强对患有 MD 的学生进行单词问题干预的考虑因素：相关 Meta 分析的定性总回顾。

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/00222194241281293

Jonte A Myers, Tessa L Arsenault, Sarah R Powell, Bradley S Witzel, Emily Tanner, Terri D Pigott

引用次数: 0

Do Mathematics and Reading Skills Impact Student Science Outcomes? 数学和阅读能力会影响学生的科学成果吗？

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/00222194241263646

Christian T Doabler, Megan Rojo, Jenna A Gersib, Anna-Maria Fall, Maria A Longhi, Gail E Lovette, Greg Roberts, Jasmine Uy, Katharina Johnson, Shadi Ghafghazi, Jason B Phelps, Sarah R Powell, William J Therrien

{"title":"Do Mathematics and Reading Skills Impact Student Science Outcomes?","authors":"Christian T Doabler, Megan Rojo, Jenna A Gersib, Anna-Maria Fall, Maria A Longhi, Gail E Lovette, Greg Roberts, Jasmine Uy, Katharina Johnson, Shadi Ghafghazi, Jason B Phelps, Sarah R Powell, William J Therrien","doi":"10.1177/00222194241263646","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00222194241263646","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing validated science programs for students with or at risk for learning disabilities requires testing treatment effects and exploring differential response patterns. This study explored whether students' initial mathematics and reading skills influenced their treatment response to a whole-class, second-grade science program called Scientific Explorers (Sci2). The original Sci2 study employed a cluster randomized controlled design and included 294 U.S. students from 18 second-grade classrooms. Differential effects of the program by initial mathematics and reading skill levels were not observed for an interactive science assessment and a distal science outcome measure. However, based on initial reading skill levels, moderation results were found on a science vocabulary measure, suggesting the effects of Sci2 were greatest for students with higher initial reading skills. Similar results were found using initial mathematics skill levels as a predictor of differential response such that students with higher mathematics skills reaped stronger treatment effects on the vocabulary measure. Further, we found initial mathematics skills also influenced outcomes on the proximal science content assessment, where students with higher initial mathematics skills led to higher outcomes. Overall, findings suggest Sci2 produced robust effects for all students (g = 0.24-1.23), regardless of initial skill proficiencies. Implications for exploring differential response in science intervention research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":" ","pages":"128-143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Domain-General and Domain-Specific Antecedents of Pre-Algebraic Knowledge: Focusing on English-Language Learners With Word-Problem Difficulty.

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251315197

Xin Lin, Sarah R Powell

引用次数: 0

The Role of Morphology and Sentence Context in Word Processing for Adults With Low Literacy.

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251315198

Kathryn A Tremblay, Katja McBane, Katherine S Binder

{"title":"The Role of Morphology and Sentence Context in Word Processing for Adults With Low Literacy.","authors":"Kathryn A Tremblay, Katja McBane, Katherine S Binder","doi":"10.1177/00222194251315198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194251315198","url":null,"abstract":"Both vocabulary skill and morphological complexity, or whether words can be broken down into root words and affixes, have a significant impact on word processing for adults with low literacy. We investigated the influence of word-level variables of morphological complexity and root word frequency, and the sentence-level variable of context strength on word processing in adults with low literacy, who differed on levels of vocabulary depth skills, which was a participant-level variable. Our findings demonstrate that morphological complexity, root word frequency, and context strength are all related to how adult learners process words while reading, but their effects are dependent on participants' vocabulary depth. Participants with higher levels of vocabulary depth were able to more quickly process morphologically complex words and make better use of supportive sentence context as compared to individuals with lower levels of vocabulary depth. These findings suggest that both morphological complexity and vocabulary depth are important for word processing and reading comprehension in adults with low literacy.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":" ","pages":"222194251315198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reframing the Most Important Special Education Policy Debate in 50 Years: How Versus Where to Educate Students With Disabilities in America's Schools.

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251315196

Douglas Fuchs, Allison F Gilmour, Jeanne Wanzek

{"title":"Reframing the Most Important Special Education Policy Debate in 50 Years: How Versus Where to Educate Students With Disabilities in America's Schools.","authors":"Douglas Fuchs, Allison F Gilmour, Jeanne Wanzek","doi":"10.1177/00222194251315196","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00222194251315196","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, there have been competing visions of how and where to educate students with disabilities (SWDs) in America's K-12 schools. One conception is that general classrooms can accommodate the learning needs of virtually all children. A second approach calls for multiple placement options. Over the years, the context in which this disagreement has played out has changed as educators have shifted from a reliance on special classes to trust in general classes to enthusiasm for intensive instruction beyond the general class. Such variation in practice has influenced how researchers have explored relations between SWDs' placement and their academic performance. Some of this research has been weak, producing unreliable findings. Some has generated more trustworthy results. All stakeholders would benefit from distinguishing the weaker studies from the stronger ones. Yet, to date, there has been an absence of such effort. In this paper, we provide a concise history of placement-achievement research and then review evidence spanning 50 years, bearing on how and where to educate SWDs. We conclude that the research on where to teach has generally been weak and inconclusive; the research on how to teach, stronger and more certain. Implications for educating SWDs are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":" ","pages":"222194251315196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Specificity, Co-Occurrence, and Growth: Math and Reading Skill Development in Children With Learning Disabilities

IF 3 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/00222194241312189

Katherine Helene Connors, Emily L. Guertin, Melissa Nichol, Joan M. Bosson-Heenan, Jeffrey R. Gruen, Jan C. Frijters

{"title":"Specificity, Co-Occurrence, and Growth: Math and Reading Skill Development in Children With Learning Disabilities","authors":"Katherine Helene Connors, Emily L. Guertin, Melissa Nichol, Joan M. Bosson-Heenan, Jeffrey R. Gruen, Jan C. Frijters","doi":"10.1177/00222194241312189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194241312189","url":null,"abstract":"Learning disabilities are challenging to characterize because they evolve throughout development, frequently co-occur, and have varying domain specificity. Addressing these challenges, we analyzed longitudinal patterns of growth, co-occurrence, and specificity manifesting in the math and reading skills of children with and without learning disabilities. With a sample of 498 Grade 1 children followed for 5 years, we used linear mixed-effects models to explore group-level differences among children with math disability (MD), reading disability (RD), co-occurring disability, and no disability. Findings revealed: Math and reading trajectories of children with learning disabilities parallel those of children without disabilities. Skill growth slows over time, regardless of skill level, suggesting disability-related impairments will not resolve without intervention. Impairment levels and growth trajectories of children with co-occurring disabilities match the within-domain patterns of children with isolated disabilities, supporting a longitudinally maintained additive model of co-occurrence. MD and RD show varying specificity. MD impairments are domain-specific and become more pronounced over time. RD impairments impact both domains early, become more domain-specific over time, but maintain curriculum-contingent math deficits. Findings suggest early math intervention should balance linguistic and conceptual support, as the source of a child’s math difficulties may not be clear until well into elementary school.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143375306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Examination of Implementation Fidelity Within the Context of a Tier 2 Mathematics Intervention.

IF 2.4 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/00222194251315191

Cayla Lussier, Ben Clarke, Derek Kosty, Geovanna Rodriguez, Kathleen Scalise, Christian Doabler, Jessica Turtura

{"title":"An Examination of Implementation Fidelity Within the Context of a Tier 2 Mathematics Intervention.","authors":"Cayla Lussier, Ben Clarke, Derek Kosty, Geovanna Rodriguez, Kathleen Scalise, Christian Doabler, Jessica Turtura","doi":"10.1177/00222194251315191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194251315191","url":null,"abstract":"Evidenced-based mathematics interventions are critical for supporting students with mathematics difficulties. In research and practice, collecting implementation fidelity is important for ensuring that all the core components of the intervention are implemented as designed. Historically, implementation fidelity has been defined as multifaceted, including examinations of adherence, instructional quality, and student engagement, though mathematics intervention studies rarely report on fidelity components outside of adherence. The current study examined the relationships between these different components of fidelity and whether they are associated with student mathematics outcomes and intervention group size within the context of a first-grade mathematics intervention. Findings revealed relationships between components of fidelity with student's initial mathematics skill; however, no relationship was observed between fidelity components and student mathematics growth. Findings for group size were mixed. Limitations, implications for research and practice, and future directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":" ","pages":"222194251315191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Misalignments Between Student Teaching Placements and Initial Teaching Positions: Implications for the Early-Career Attrition of Special Education Teachers 学生教学实习与初始教学岗位的错位：对特殊教育教师早期职业磨耗的影响

IF 3 2区教育学

Journal of Learning Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/00222194241312193

Ben Backes, James Cowan, Dan Goldhaber, Zeyu Jin, Roddy Theobald

{"title":"Misalignments Between Student Teaching Placements and Initial Teaching Positions: Implications for the Early-Career Attrition of Special Education Teachers","authors":"Ben Backes, James Cowan, Dan Goldhaber, Zeyu Jin, Roddy Theobald","doi":"10.1177/00222194241312193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194241312193","url":null,"abstract":"Graduates of special education teacher education programs can teach in a range of special education settings, raising the potential that their training can occur in very different settings than where they find their first jobs. We follow 263 completers of Moderate Disabilities programs in Massachusetts from their field placements to their early-career teaching positions and study the characteristics of their field placements and the degree to which these are aligned with their early-career teaching positions. We also assess the degree to which alignment is associated with early-career teacher turnover. We found that many of these teachers student taught in an inclusive setting but were hired into a self-contained special education setting and vice versa, and teachers who experienced this misalignment were more likely to leave the workforce early in their careers. Teachers who student taught with a supervising practitioner without a special education license were also more likely to leave early. Findings suggest that teachers training to educate students with learning disabilities should student teach in a setting that is aligned with where they are likely to be hired and with a supervising practitioner who is trained in special education.","PeriodicalId":48189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Learning Disabilities","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0