Sam Hunter, Austin C. Doctor, Matthew Allen, Gina S. Ligon
{"title":"Equifinality and the Key Role it Plays in Understanding the Future of Leadership","authors":"Sam Hunter, Austin C. Doctor, Matthew Allen, Gina S. Ligon","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.282","url":null,"abstract":"As organizations continue to increase in diversity across a range of demographic, value-based, and attitudinal variables, there can be a natural tension around differing styles and approaches to leading. We offer that these differences need not necessarily serve as a source of conflict if organizations are able to embrace the principle of equifinality. Equifinality, applied to leadership, represents the notion that there is more than one pathway to leading successfully. By focusing on equifinality as a core principle, stylistic differences can add to the fabric of organizational life rather than being a source of tension in it. We offer an example of an equifinality based approach to leading, the charismatic, ideological, and pragmatic (CIP) model to illustrate equifinality successfully applied as a core principle. We conclude by offering practical guidance on how to effectively apply an equifinality approach to leadership in organizations.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"BC-22 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Interdisciplinary Approach to Mentoring, Reflection, and Student Engagement: Initial Findings from a Liberal Arts Pilot Study","authors":"Jim B. Fatzinger","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.274","url":null,"abstract":"A Research Working Group conducted as part of an American Council on Education (ACE) Learning Laboratory (2022) concluded that “mentoring relationships are fundamentally developmental and learner-centered.” These relationships are “distinct from other meaningful relationships in that they: (1) Promote academic, social, personal, cultural, and career-focused learning and development in intentional, sustained, and integrative ways, (2) Evolve over time, becoming more reciprocal and mutually beneficial, [and] (3) Are individualized, attending to mentees’ developing strengths and shifting needs, mentors’ expertise, and all members’ identities.” In addition, application of Gallup’s “Big Six” College Experiences Linked to Life Preparedness further supports these findings. This pilot project, a collaboration between the School of Business and School of Education at a selective Liberal Arts Institution, presents the initial findings from the Instructor of Record and Peer Mentors in BUS1110: Gateway to Business courses. These initial findings might be utilized by readers as a way of augmenting and/or enhancing classroom learning applicable in their own courses with the goal of preparing students for what Ted Mitchell, President, ACE in Weaver et al. (2023), refers to as “a world of uncertainty, imperfect information,” at times, “unrelenting pressure…” The application of “real world insights” enhances students’ intellectual development and classroom pedagogical approaches.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"22 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Continuing to Serve","authors":"Chris Cassidy, Kevin Basik","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creating a Culture of Character Growth: Developing Faculty Character and Competence at the United States Military Academy","authors":"Ryan G. Erbe, Darcy Schnack, Peter Meindl","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.275","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Institutions of higher education, specifically service academies, interested in developing character in their students/cadets should consider creating a culture of character growth to accomplish their task. One potential way to do this is to focus on developing faculty character along with character competence as it relates to student/cadet character formation. Objective: At the United States Military Academy, we recently piloted a character faculty development series for Center for Enhanced Performance faculty aimed at improving faculty character formation, increasing faculty competence with respect to developing cadet character through one-on-one relationships, and integrating character formation into their teaching. The goal of this project was to assess feasibility and acceptability of the series. Methods: The Center for Enhanced Performance faculty experienced a three-part character faculty development series: (1) Faculty character formation, (2) Developing cadet character through one-on-one relationships, and (3) Integrating character into the classroom. To assess feasibility and acceptability of the series, a survey was sent to faculty after completion. Results: A total of nine faculty members completed the survey and found the training worthwhile, that it increased their confidence in developing cadets’ character and integrating character formation into their teaching, along with each character formation tool being useful. Conclusions: Character faculty developing series should be tried and can be feasible and acceptable to faculty.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"51 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A More Perfect Union: Meaning in the Preamble of the United States Constitution","authors":"Aaron Dimmock, Dana Born","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"24 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtue in All We Do: Aristotelian Insight into Character Development and the Air Force’s Core Values","authors":"Joel Brown","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.280","url":null,"abstract":"This article demonstrates how Aristotle’s political and ethical thought serves as a unique lens to understand character development and the Air Force’s core values. This article first moves to show that because the moral lapses occurring in the Air Force were seeen as stemming from character flaws, a program of character development like Aristotle’s would offer ideas superior to value-systems that emphasize rule following. This essay then looks to Aristotle to provide conceptual content for the ideas of character, character development, and each of the Air Force core values of integrity, service before self, and excellence—which also translates from the Greek as “virtue”—in all we do.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the High Order Performance Framework for Effective Leadership","authors":"James Davis","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.284","url":null,"abstract":"Leaders, does your behavior match your goal? For those interested in leadership and character development, the first task is to build awareness and intentionality around the direction in which you hope to lead. Identify a goal. Only then can you create a culture, articulate a plan, and install feedback and enforcement mechanisms to align subsequent behaviors. In doing so, remember that the human condition is complex. As a leader, are you aware of all the components that impact high order performance outcomes? Are you creating situations that give your people a strong opportunity to succeed, or are you subconsciously degrading their top end performance? Effective leaders are not always perfect, but they must be aware of the myriad contributing factors at play. Effective leaders clarify objectives and thoughtfully craft environments. They set their people up for success.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"40 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review of “Debrief to Win”","authors":"Kristina Book","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"15 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing Leaders of Character for Responsible Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Christopher S. Kuennen","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.273","url":null,"abstract":"Who is responsible for Responsible AI (RAI)? As the Department of Defense (DoD) invests in AI workforce education, this question serves as starting point for an argument that effective training for military RAI demands focused character development for officers. This essay makes that case in three parts. First, while norms around responsibility and AI are likely to evolve, there remains long-standing legal, ethical, and practical precedent to think of commissioned officers as the loci of responsibility for the application of military AI. Next, given DoD’s emphasis on responsibility, it should devote significant pedagogical attention to the subjective skills, motivations, and perceptions of operators who depend on AI to execute their mission, beyond merely promoting technical literacy. Finally, the significance of character for RAI entails the application of proven character development methodologies from pre-commissioning education onward: critical dialogue, hands-on practice applying AI in complex circumstances, and moral reminders about the relevance of the DoD’s ethical principles for AI.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Palanski, Michelle Hammond, Jayoung Kim, Gretchen Vogelgesang Lester, Rachel Clapp Smith
{"title":"Ethical Leadership at Work and with Friends and Family: Within-Person and Between-Raters Variability Matters","authors":"Michael Palanski, Michelle Hammond, Jayoung Kim, Gretchen Vogelgesang Lester, Rachel Clapp Smith","doi":"10.58315/jcld.v10.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58315/jcld.v10.272","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its theoretical grounding in the personal moral characteristics of leaders, most research on Brown et al.’s (2005) ethical leadership construct has tended to ignore the personal life (friends/family) aspects of leaders. In this study, we consider ethical leadership behavior in both work and non-work (i.e., with friends and family) domains at both the intra-individual (domain) and individual (leader as a whole person) levels of analysis. We examine our research questions with a sample of 104 leaders and their 1,458 raters in executive MBA programs in the United States and Ireland. Our findings demonstrate that ethical leadership operates at the individual level of analysis in both work and non-work contexts, with the implication that researchers should consider both the mean and variation of ethical leadership. Our findings also indicate strong within-domain and limited cross-domain effects of ethical leadership and ethical leadership variation on cognitive trust, affective trust, and abusive supervision.","PeriodicalId":481559,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Character and Leadership Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}