{"title":"Prologue","authors":"Ekkehard Kopp","doi":"10.1177/0081175019869320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019869320","url":null,"abstract":"Ekkehard Kopp adopts a chronological framework to demonstrate that changes in our understanding of numbers have o� en relied on the breaking of long-held conven� ons, making way for new inven� ons that provide greater clarity and widen mathema� cal horizons. Viewed from this historical perspec� ve, mathema� cal abstrac� on emerges as neither mysterious nor immutable, but as a con� ngent, developing human ac� vity.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"xliv - xviii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019869320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43727831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Quest for Transparent and Reproducible Text-Mining Methodologies in Computational Social Science","authors":"Jan Goldenstein, Philipp Poschmann","doi":"10.1177/0081175019867855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019867855","url":null,"abstract":"We thank the editorial board for the opportunity to discuss our methodological contribution in a symposium dialogue as well as the two commentators for their inspiring and challenging comments. We are especially delighted that the commentators agree on the relevance of analyzing the dynamics of manifest and latent meanings in big data using different textmining tools in general and for map analysis in particular. According to our reading, the commentators focused on quality criteria, namely, two different but highly relevant aspects of transparency in research processes. Laura K. Nelson (this volume, pp. 139–143) focused on transparency in the context of research foci and analytical steps in a text-analysis project to ensure the reproducibility of results, whereas Burt L. Monroe (this volume, pp. 132–139) focused on transparency regarding data inspection and thus the credibility of results. We structured our rejoinder as follows: First, we draw on selected aspects Nelson and Monroe posed that we believe they consider to be most important to reflect on transparency in the context of big data and text-mining tools. Second, because quality criteria such as transparency do not exist in isolation, we complement the discussion on quality by adding general issues regarding overarching textmining methodology. Finally, we conclude by providing a prospect for further establishment of big data analysis in the social sciences.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"144 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019867855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41966589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Meanings of “Meaning” in Social Scientific Text Analysis","authors":"B. Monroe","doi":"10.1177/0081175019865231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019865231","url":null,"abstract":"Goldenstein and Poschmann (hereafter GP, this volume, pp. 83–131) offer a novel approach, or combination of approaches, for tracking multiple layers of “meaning” in a collection of texts over time. The core theoretical argument is sound: Any given text conveys multiple layers of meaning simultaneously, the relationships across those layers may evolve dynamically over time in any given corpus, and different textanalytic tools capture different layers of meaning and should be able to characterize this co-evolution if used in combination. In fact, similar logic underlies recent developments at the cutting edge of natural language processing (NLP) research. There are, however, some pernicious measurement traps in the text-analytic techniques GP apply here, and in the absence of some important validation, we cannot be certain that they have captured the meaning they assert.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"132 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019865231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Great Methods Reveal Their Own Limitations","authors":"P. Oliver","doi":"10.1177/0081175019860236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019860236","url":null,"abstract":"Protest Event and Political Discourse Approaches.” Mobilization 4(2):203–21. Kriesi, Hanspeter, Swen Hutter, and Abel Bojar. 2019. “Contentious Episode Analysis.” Mobilization 24(3). Kriesi, Hanspeter, Ruud Koopmans, Jan Willem Duyvendak, and Marco Giugni. 1995. New Social Movements in Western Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. McAdam, Doug. 1982. Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency 1930–1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Tarrow, Sidney. 1989. Democracy and Disorder: Protest and Politics in Italy 1965– 1974. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Taylor, Charles L., and Michael C. Hudson. 1972. World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Tilly, Charles. 2008. Contentious Performances. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Tilly, Charles, Louise Tilly, and Richard Tilly. 1975. The Rebellious Century, 1830– 1930. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"63 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019860236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45811756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ESTIMATING MULTINOMIAL LOGIT MODELS WITH SAMPLES OF ALTERNATIVES.","authors":"Benjamin F Jarvis","doi":"10.1177/0081175018793460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175018793460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This comment reconsiders advice offered by Bruch and Mare regarding sampling choice sets in conditional logistic regression models of residential mobility. Contradicting Bruch and Mare's advice, past econometric research shows that no statistical correction is needed when using simple random sampling of unchosen alternatives to pare down respondents' choice sets. Using data on stated residential preferences contained in the Los Angeles portion of the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality, it is shown that following Bruch and Mare's advice-to implement a statistical correction for simple random choice set sampling-leads to biased coefficient estimates. This bias is all but eliminated if the sampling correction is omitted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"341-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175018793460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38980161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the Full Conceptual Potential of Protest Event Analysis","authors":"Swen Hutter","doi":"10.1177/0081175019860239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019860239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"58 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019860239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43591352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Space Diffusion: Applications of a Latent Space Model to Diffusion with Uncertain Ties.","authors":"Jacob C Fisher","doi":"10.1177/0081175018820075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175018820075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social networks represent two different facets of social life: (1) stable paths for diffusion, or the spread of something through a connected population, and (2) random draws from an underlying social space, which indicate the relative positions of the people in the network to one another. The dual nature of networks creates a challenge - if the observed network ties are a single random draw, is it realistic to expect that diffusion only follows the observed network ties? This study takes a first step towards integrating these two perspectives by introducing a social space diffusion model. In the model, network ties indicate positions in social space, and diffusion occurs proportionally to distance in social space. Practically, the simulation occurs in two parts. First, positions are estimated using a statistical model (in this example, a latent space model). Then, second, the predicted probabilities of a tie from that model - representing the distances in social space - or a series of networks drawn from those probabilities - representing routine churn in the network - are used as weights in a weighted averaging framework. Using longitudinal data from high school friendship networks, I explore the properties of the model. I show that the model produces smoothed diffusion results, which predict attitudes in future waves 10% better than a diffusion model using the observed network, and up to 5% better than diffusion models using alternative, non-model-based smoothing approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"258-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175018820075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25583523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To Measure Meaning in Big Data, Don’t Give Me a Map, Give Me Transparency and Reproducibility","authors":"Laura K. Nelson","doi":"10.1177/0081175019863783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175019863783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"49 1","pages":"139 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175019863783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46674333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}