Professional Geographer最新文献_第3页

Modeling spatial accessibility of immigrants to culturally diverse family physicians. 移民对多元文化家庭医生的空间可达性建模。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2011-01-01

Lu Wanga, Deborah Roisman

{"title":"Modeling spatial accessibility of immigrants to culturally diverse family physicians.","authors":"Lu Wanga, Deborah Roisman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses accessibility as an analytical tool to examine health care access among immigrants in a multicultural urban setting. It applies and improves on two widely used accessibility models—the gravity model and the two-step floating catchment area model—in measuring spatial accessibility by Mainland Chinese immigrants in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area. Empirical data on physician-seeking behaviors are collected through two rounds of questionnaire surveys. Attention is focused on journey to physician location and utilization of linguistically matched family physicians. Based on the survey data, a two-zone accessibility model is developed by relaxing the travel threshold and distance impedance parameters that are traditionally treated as a constant in the accessibility models. General linear models are used to identify relationships among spatial accessibility, geography, and socioeconomic characteristics of Mainland Chinese immigrants. The results suggest a spatial mismatch in the supply of and demand for culturally sensitive care, and residential location is the primary factor that determines spatial accessibility to family physicians. The article yields important policy implications.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29811347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visualizing diurnal population change in urban areas for emergency management. 可视化城市地区人口日变化，用于应急管理。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2010.533565

Tetsuo Kobayashi, Richard M Medina, Thomas J Cova

{"title":"Visualizing diurnal population change in urban areas for emergency management.","authors":"Tetsuo Kobayashi, Richard M Medina, Thomas J Cova","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2010.533565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2010.533565","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing need for a quick, simple method to represent diurnal population change in metropolitan areas for effective emergency management and risk analysis. Many geographic studies rely on decennial U.S. Census data that assume that urban populations are static in space and time. This has obvious limitations in the context of dynamic geographic problems. The U.S. Department of Transportation publishes population data at the transportation analysis zone level in fifteen-minute increments. This level of spatial and temporal detail allows for improved dynamic population modeling. This article presents a methodology for visualizing and analyzing diurnal population change for metropolitan areas based on this readily available data. Areal interpolation within a geographic information system is used to create twenty-four (one per hour) population surfaces for the larger metropolitan area of Salt Lake County, Utah. The resulting surfaces represent diurnal population change for an average workday and are easily combined to produce an animation that illustrates population dynamics throughout the day. A case study of using the method to visualize population distributions in an emergency management context is provided using two scenarios: a chemical release and a dirty bomb in Salt Lake County. This methodology can be used to address a wide variety of problems in emergency management.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00330124.2010.533565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29813910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Late-Stage Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Health Care Access in Illinois. 伊利诺伊州的晚期乳腺癌诊断和医疗服务。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2008-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330120701724087

Fahui Wang, Sara McLafferty, Veronica Escamilla, Lan Luo

{"title":"Late-Stage Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Health Care Access in Illinois.","authors":"Fahui Wang, Sara McLafferty, Veronica Escamilla, Lan Luo","doi":"10.1080/00330120701724087","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00330120701724087","url":null,"abstract":"The variations of breast cancer mortality rates from place to place reflect both underlying differences in breast cancer prevalence and differences in diagnosis and treatment that affect the risk of death. This article examines the role of access to health care in explaining the variation of late-stage diagnosis of breast cancer. We use cancer registry data for the state of Illinois by zip code to investigate spatial variation in late diagnosis. Geographic information systems and spatial analysis methods are used to create detailed measures of spatial access to health care such as convenience of visiting primary care physicians and travel time from the nearest mammography facility. The effects of spatial access, in combination with the influences of socioeconomic factors, on late-stage breast cancer diagnosis are assessed using statistical methods. The results suggest that for breast cancer, poor geographical access to primary health care significantly increases the risk of late diagnosis for persons living outside the city of Chicago. Disadvantaged population groups including those with low income and racial and ethnic minorities tend to experience high rates of late diagnosis. In Illinois, poor spatial access to primary health care is more strongly associated with late diagnosis than is spatial access to mammography. This suggests the importance of primary care physicians as gatekeepers in early breast cancer detection.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2367325/pdf/nihms43763.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27422464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foreign-Born Status and Geographic Patterns of Tuberculosis Genotypes in Tarrant County, Texas. 德克萨斯州塔兰特县结核病基因型的外国出生状况和地理模式。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2007-11-01 Epub Date: 2008-02-29 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9272.2007.00636.x

Joseph R Oppong, Curtis J Denton, Patrick K Moonan, Stephen E Weis

{"title":"Foreign-Born Status and Geographic Patterns of Tuberculosis Genotypes in Tarrant County, Texas.","authors":"Joseph R Oppong, Curtis J Denton, Patrick K Moonan, Stephen E Weis","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9272.2007.00636.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9272.2007.00636.x","url":null,"abstract":"Regardless of destination, immigrants arrive with health profiles typical of people in their previous surroundings. Thus, immigrants change the epidemiological profile of destination communities, and immigrant neighborhoods may represent islands of infectious disease. Genotyping has emerged as a useful surveillance tool to track the spread of disease at the molecular level. Yet the spatial distribution of infectious disease at the molecular level associated with migration and immigrant neighborhoods has received little attention. Using molecular genotyping to characterize M. tuberculosis isolated from tuberculosis cases, this article analyzes spatial variations of unique molecular M. tuberculosis strains by zip code in Tarrant County, Texas. The results suggest that immigrant neighborhoods have higher rates of unique isolates of tuberculosis (suggestive of remote transmission) compared to neighborhoods occupied by the native-born. Neighborhoods dominated by the native-born have higher rates of clustered isolates (suggestive of recent transmission). Therefore, in addition to being culturally distinct, immigrant neighborhoods may also be pathogenically distinct from surrounding neighborhoods.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1467-9272.2007.00636.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34120481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13