Professional Geographer最新文献_第2页

Exploring Persistent Racial and Ethnic Representation Disparity in U.S. Geography Doctoral Programs: The Disciplinary Underrepresentation Gap. 探索美国地理学博士课程中持续存在的种族和民族代表性差异:学科代表性不足的差距。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2021.1986671

Demetrice R Jordan, Ashton Shortridge, Joe T Darden

{"title":"Exploring Persistent Racial and Ethnic Representation Disparity in U.S. Geography Doctoral Programs: The Disciplinary Underrepresentation Gap.","authors":"Demetrice R Jordan, Ashton Shortridge, Joe T Darden","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2021.1986671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2021.1986671","url":null,"abstract":"Underrepresentation among U.S. citizen racial and ethnic minorities in geography has a long history, one perpetuated through-and readily measurable by-its doctoral degree-granting record. This article examines the history of efforts to redress underrepresentation since the 1960s, explores modern underrepresentation, measures the degree of its persistence in the discipline and within individual departments, and identifies drivers that exacerbate the racial and ethnic representation disparity among U.S. citizens in geography doctoral programs. To quantify the degree to which the discipline is underperforming demographically, we contrasted the rate of domestic underrepresented minority doctoral degree conferrals with those of White doctoral recipients in geography, the social sciences, and the entire academy over a twenty-three-year period from 1997 through 2019. During that span, geography consistently trailed the social sciences and the academy: This underrepresentation gap has widened in the past decade. Four drivers were identified: (1) lack of dedicated funding for underrepresented minority doctoral students, (2) minimal prior exposure to academic and professional geography, (3) passive recruitment strategies, and (4) pervasive Whiteness of departments. We conclude with a call to action for geographers to meet the moral imperative of racial and ethnic representational equity by becoming agents of measurable change.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/6e/nihms-1840765.PMC10112671.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Changes to California alfalfa production and perceptions during the 2011-2017 drought. 2011-2017年干旱期间加州紫花苜蓿产量的变化和感知。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2022.2075409

Alida Cantor, Bethani Turley, Charles Cody Ross, Mathern Glass

{"title":"Changes to California alfalfa production and perceptions during the 2011-2017 drought.","authors":"Alida Cantor, Bethani Turley, Charles Cody Ross, Mathern Glass","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2022.2075409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2022.2075409","url":null,"abstract":"California experienced a severe multi-year drought stretching from 2011-2017, significantly reducing surface water supply for ecosystems, agriculture, and humans, and prompting coordinated conservation efforts. Given that agriculture is the largest consumptive use of water in the state, one anticipated response to a severe drought would be to decrease production of low-value, high-water-use crops such as alfalfa. In this paper we use a multi-methods approach to examine both spatial distribution and public perceptions of alfalfa production in California over the course of the 2011-2017 drought. We find that while California alfalfa production did decline at the state level, it persisted and even increased in specific areas of the state. We also find that alfalfa persisted even though discourses and understandings that were critical of alfalfa production emerged in public forums during this time. We situate these findings within a broader context of California's water management system, which meant that in practice, infrastructure and water rights allocation practices left many growers with little incentive to change growing practices even in the face of serious meteorological drought.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9629504/pdf/nihms-1840307.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9768509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Advancing Geography Through Diversity Program: A Framework to Address the Persistent Underrepresentation of Domestic Racial and Ethnic Minorities in U.S. Geography Doctoral Programs. 通过多样性计划推进地理学:解决美国地理学博士课程中国内少数民族持续代表性不足的框架。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2021.2004900

Demetrice R Jordan, Ashton Shortridge, Joe T Darden

{"title":"The Advancing Geography Through Diversity Program: A Framework to Address the Persistent Underrepresentation of Domestic Racial and Ethnic Minorities in U.S. Geography Doctoral Programs.","authors":"Demetrice R Jordan, Ashton Shortridge, Joe T Darden","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2021.2004900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2021.2004900","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic racial and ethnic minorities have been persistently underrepresented in U.S. geography doctoral programs. Efforts to improve diversity have taken many forms over the years, but most have been short-lived with limited success. In this article, we introduce the Advancing Geography Through Diversity Program (AGTDP), a four-pronged cohort-based model that systematically and sustainably increases the presence of African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans in geography doctoral programs. The program is currently in its fourth year in the Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences at Michigan State University. Context for the development of the framework is provided, followed by a detailed discussion of each pillar of the program: recruitment, support, engagement, and retention. We evaluate the current state of the program along with lessons learned for successful implementation. To date, the program has effectively increased the representation across all three underrepresented groups within the department's doctoral program. We believe the AGTDP can serve as a model for more widespread deployment to other geography departments.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/12/nihms-1840767.PMC10112672.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9378169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measuring global spatial autocorrelation with data reliability information. 利用数据可靠性信息测量全局空间自相关。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2019-01-01 Epub Date: 2019-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2018.1559652

Hyeongmo Koo, David W S Wong, Yongwan Chun

引用次数: 11

The Past, Present and Future of Geodemographic Research in the United States and United Kingdom. 美国和英国地理人口研究的过去、现在和未来。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2014-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2013.8487642345

Alexander D Singleton, Seth E Spielman

引用次数: 0

Interpolating U.S. Decennial Census Tract Data from as Early as 1970 to 2010: A Longtitudinal Tract Database. 早在1970年至2010年的美国十年一次的人口普查区数据插值:一个纵向数据库。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2014-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2014.905156

John R Logan, Zengwang Xu, Brian Stults

{"title":"Interpolating U.S. Decennial Census Tract Data from as Early as 1970 to 2010: A Longtitudinal Tract Database.","authors":"John R Logan, Zengwang Xu, Brian Stults","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2014.905156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2014.905156","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in the reporting units of data from diverse sources and changes in units over time are common obstacles to analysis of areal data. We compare common approaches to this problem in the context of changes over time in the boundaries of U.S. census tracts. In every decennial census many tracts are split, consolidated, or changed in other ways from the previous boundaries to reflect population growth or decline. We examine two interpolation methods to create a bridge between years, one that relies only on areal weighting and another that also introduces population weights. Results demonstrate that these approaches produce substantially different estimates for variables that involve population counts, but they have a high degree of convergence for variables defined as rates or averages. Finally the paper describes the Longitudinal Tract Data Base (LTDB), through which we are making available public-use tools to implement these methods to create estimates within 2010 tract boundaries for any tract-level data (from the census or other sources) that are available for prior years as early as 1970.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00330124.2014.905156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32599349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 365

Patterns of Racial Diversity and Segregation in the United States: 1990-2010. 美国的种族多样性和隔离模式：1990-2010.

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2014-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2012.735924

Richard Wright, Mark Ellis, Steven R Holloway, Sandy Wong

{"title":"Patterns of Racial Diversity and Segregation in the United States: 1990-2010.","authors":"Richard Wright, Mark Ellis, Steven R Holloway, Sandy Wong","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2012.735924","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00330124.2012.735924","url":null,"abstract":"The growing ethnic and racial diversity of the United States is evident at all spatial scales. One of the striking features of this new mixture of peoples, however, is that this new diversity often occurs in tandem with racial concentration. This article surveys these new geographies from four points of view: the nation as a whole, states, large metropolitan areas, and neighborhoods. The analysis at each scale relies on a new taxonomy of racial composition that simultaneously appraises both diversity and the lack thereof (Holloway, Wright, and Ellis 2012). Urban analysis often posits neighborhood racial segregation and diversity as either endpoints on a continuum of racial dominance or mirror images of one another. We disturb that perspective and stress that segregation and diversity must be jointly understood-they are necessarily related, although not as inevitable binary opposites. Using census data from 1990, 2000, and 2010, the research points to how patterns of racial diversity and dominance interact across varying spatial scales. This investigation helps answer some basic questions about the changing geographies of racialized groups, setting the stage for the following articles that explore the relationship between geography and the participation of underrepresented groups in higher education.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4114976/pdf/nihms578548.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32552566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban Vegetation Cover and Vegetation Change in Accra, Ghana: Connection to Housing Quality. 加纳阿克拉的城市植被覆盖和植被变化:与住房质量的关系。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2012.697856

Douglas A Stow, John R Weeks, Sory Toure, Lloyd L Coulter, Christopher D Lippitt, Eric Ashcroft

引用次数: 39

A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals. 全国范围内驾车距离与医院直线距离的比较。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2011.583586

Francis P Boscoe, Kevin A Henry, Michael S Zdeb

{"title":"A Nationwide Comparison of Driving Distance Versus Straight-Line Distance to Hospitals.","authors":"Francis P Boscoe, Kevin A Henry, Michael S Zdeb","doi":"10.1080/00330124.2011.583586","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00330124.2011.583586","url":null,"abstract":"Many geographic studies use distance as a simple measure of accessibility, risk, or disparity. Straight-line (Euclidean) distance is most often used because of the ease of its calculation. Actual travel distance over a road network is a superior alternative, although historically an expensive and labor-intensive undertaking. This is no longer true, as travel distance and travel time can be calculated directly from commercial Web sites, without the need to own or purchase specialized geographic information system software or street files. Taking advantage of this feature, we compare straight-line and travel distance and travel time to community hospitals from a representative sample of more than 66,000 locations in the fifty states of the United States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. The measures are very highly correlated (r2 > 0.9), but important local exceptions can be found near shorelines and other physical barriers. We conclude that for nonemergency travel to hospitals, the added precision offered by the substitution of travel distance, travel time, or both for straight-line distance is largely inconsequential.","PeriodicalId":48098,"journal":{"name":"Professional Geographer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3835347/pdf/nihms436252.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31898354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mixed land use and obesity: an empirical comparison of alternative land use measures and geographic scales. 混合土地利用与肥胖：替代土地利用措施和地理尺度的实证比较。

IF 1.8 4区社会学

Professional Geographer Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00330124.2011.583592

Ikuho Yamada, Barbara B Brown, Ken R Smith, Cathleen D Zick, Lori Kowaleski-Jones, Jessie X Fan

引用次数: 49