{"title":"Exploring Workplace Spirituality in Public Administration: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Anindra Guspa, Wildan Haru Pradani","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02788-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02788-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Workplace spirituality (WPS) in public administration refers to the application of spiritual values in the workplace that enable public administration employees to find meaning in their work, foster a sense of community, and align personal values with organizational goals. This systematic literature review aims to synthesize the role of the WPS in enhancing public service motivation, psychological well-being, organizational commitment, and pro-environmental behavior among public administration employees globally. Using the PRISMA 2020 framework, a comprehensive literature search of the Web of Science database identified 12 articles for in-depth analysis, revealing that WPS contributes positively to strengthening employees' resilience in facing bureaucratic pressures by providing psychological resources such as meaningful work, a sense of connectedness, and value alignment with organizational missions. WPS is predominantly utilized as a predictor variable, reflecting its role as a critical internal resource influencing various psychosocial outcomes in the public administration, with research conducted primarily in highly religious countries such as Indonesia, Pakistan, and Malaysia, whereas studies remain limited in secular-oriented countries such as the United States and China. This review provides valuable insights for the development of evidence-based human resource management policies by demonstrating the potential of integrating WPS to sustainably enhance employee well-being and organizational effectiveness in the public administration, while future longitudinal and experimental research to strengthen causal evidence across diverse public administration contexts is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Myth, Meaning, and Mental Health: Rollo May's Existential Psychology in Dialogue with Contemporary Religion and Health Research.","authors":"Andrzej Korczak, Wojciech Słomski","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02776-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02776-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contemporary mental health crisis is increasingly described in terms of meaninglessness, fragmentation of identity, and spiritual disorientation. While empirical research in religion and health has demonstrated consistent associations between religiosity, spirituality, and psychological well-being, the underlying symbolic and narrative mechanisms that sustain these associations remain insufficiently theorized. This article revisits Rollo May's concept of myth as a foundational structure of psychological integration and examines its relevance for contemporary religion and health scholarship. Drawing on existential psychology, hermeneutics, and current research in the psychology of religion, the paper argues that myth functions not as archaic fiction but as a narrative matrix that organizes identity, values, and existential orientation. The erosion of shared symbolic frameworks-what May termed a \"myth vacuum\"-contributes to anxiety, alienation, and loss of coherence, thereby affecting mental health. The study develops a conceptual model linking mythic-symbolic structures to psychological integration, resilience, and meaning-making and outlines implications for clinical practice, pastoral care, and empirical research. By integrating May's existential insights with contemporary findings in religion and health research, the article proposes that mythic frameworks constitute a neglected but crucial dimension in understanding the relationship between spirituality and mental well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salman M Alreshidi, Yazan D Al-Mrayat, Mirna Fawaz, Abdulrahman Alotaibi, Harold G Koenig, Cemal Özalp, Ozge Zeki, Ali Hudays
{"title":"Translation and Validation of the Arabic Duke University Religion Index Among Nursing Students in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Salman M Alreshidi, Yazan D Al-Mrayat, Mirna Fawaz, Abdulrahman Alotaibi, Harold G Koenig, Cemal Özalp, Ozge Zeki, Ali Hudays","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02772-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02772-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study translated the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) and psychometrically validated it for use in a Saudi Arabian nursing student population. A total of 145 undergraduate nursing students were recruited from a college of nursing, with participants having a mean age of 21.4 (± 2.0) years. Data collection drew on three instruments: a demographic questionnaire, the Arabic Scale of Intrinsic Religiosity (ASIR), and an Arabic-language adaptation of the DUREL. To ensure cultural appropriateness, all measures underwent a forward-backward translation procedure prior to administration. Reliability was evaluated using test-retest reliability and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Convergent validity was assessed through Spearman rank correlations between the DUREL and ASIR, while the underlying factor structure of the scale was examined using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA). Internal consistency estimates indicated acceptable to strong reliability: the full DUREL scale yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.62, whereas the intrinsic religiosity subscale demonstrated considerably higher consistency at 0.89 and ICC ranged from 0.047 to 0. 349. Item factor loadings ranged between 0.825 and 0.873, suggesting adequate construct representation across indicators. Correlations between the two religiosity measures were moderately strong, ranging from 0.197 to 0.615. This range indicates meaningful convergence without redundancy between the constructs. Structural analyses lent further support to a two-dimensional configuration of the DUREL, with both EFA and CFA yielding consistent results in this regard. Taken together, these findings suggest that the Arabic DUREL holds promise as a tool for measuring religiosity among nursing students, though several caveats remain. The sample's demographic homogeneity limits the generalizability of these findings, and subsequent validation work targeting minority populations and individuals managing chronic or complex health conditions would strengthen confidence in the scale's broader applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Incarnate Clinic: Pope Leo XIV's Magnifica Humanitas, AI Optimization, and the Bioethics of Technological Colonialism in Philippine Healthcare.","authors":"Jefferson Moreno De Castro, Jomar Sesguro Tianio","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02794-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02794-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical artificial intelligence is increasingly used in diagnostic support, risk prediction, disease surveillance, documentation, referral, and workflow management. This conceptual study examines its ethical integration into Philippine healthcare through Pope Leo XIV's Magnifica Humanitas, incarnational theology, Filipino relational ethics, postcolonial bioethics, and Catholic Social Teaching. Using integrative, concept-driven thematic analysis and theological-bioethical dialogue, the study develops three themes: the optimized body and incarnate human dignity; medical AI and technological colonialism; and subsidiarity, distributive justice, and the incarnate clinic. Medical AI is neither inherently dehumanizing nor colonial because of foreign origin. Ethical concern arises when systems encode narrow assumptions about bodies and functioning, lack locally and subgroup-relevant validation, remain insufficiently intelligible, weaken patient participation, concentrate control over data and infrastructure, create proprietary dependence, or distribute costs and benefits inequitably. The study proposes incarnational-technological alignment as an ethical criterion for determining whether medical AI remains ordered toward embodied dignity, relational integrity, local epistemic authority, distributive justice, accountable judgment, and the common good. The Incarnational Health Technology Discernment Framework evaluates this criterion through epistemic fit, relational integrity, distributive justice, and technological subsidiarity. It distinguishes service-oriented alignment, conditional or dependent alignment, and colonial-technocratic misalignment while permitting mixed and revisable configurations. Technological subordination is advanced as the alternative to both technological refusal and uncritical adoption. Responsible use requires risk-sensitive local validation, post-deployment monitoring, accessible communication, patient-preferred relational participation, disability-sensitive interpretation, distributed accountability, responsible data governance, sustainable infrastructure, equitable access, local capacity development, and procedures for correction, restriction, suspension, or withdrawal. The framework remains provisional and requires empirical and institutional examination across differently resourced Philippine healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148983890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pastoral Authority and Spiritual Harm: Evangelii Gaudium and an Ethics of Pastoral Responsibility in Mental Health.","authors":"Jaybee S Cabañeros","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02790-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02790-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pastoral care can provide meaning, consolation, and spiritual support to persons experiencing psychological distress, yet religious authority may also become a source of harm when it exceeds pastoral competence or constrains the agency of those seeking care. This conceptual article develops pastorally mediated spiritual harm as a distinct ethical category for injury arising through pastoral authority even when deliberate abuse or coercive intent is absent. Using normative conceptual reconstruction, it reads Francis's Evangelii Gaudium, especially §§169-173, as a structured account of reverence, spiritual purpose, listening, epistemic restraint, freedom, and non-intrusive service, and brings this account into dialog with empirical studies of clergy mental health literacy, religious and spiritual competence, referral, and interdisciplinary care. The analysis distinguishes pastorally mediated spiritual harm from spiritual abuse, pastoral malpractice, spiritual bypassing, negative religious coping, and ordinary pastoral limitation. It then reconstructs pastoral authority as pastoral responsibility through five interdependent duties: respect for dignity and agency, non-coercive accompaniment, epistemic humility, role and competence boundaries, and responsible referral and accountability. The framework also clarifies the distinct purposes of pastoral accompaniment, spiritual direction, pastoral counseling, psychotherapy, and psychiatric care. The article concludes that Catholic pastoral authority is ethically strengthened when accompaniment remains recognizably religious while protecting persons in distress from avoidable spiritual and psychological harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omar R Manlapas, Jomar S Tianio, Emmanuelle A Santiago
{"title":"Sacred Burnout: A Conceptual Analysis of Religious Coping Fatigue Among Healthcare Workers in the Philippines.","authors":"Omar R Manlapas, Jomar S Tianio, Emmanuelle A Santiago","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02792-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02792-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Religion and spirituality may sustain healthcare workers through meaning, hope, relational connection, and vocational purpose, yet their restorative contribution may diminish under chronic and inadequately supported occupational demands. This conceptual article develops a sacred depletion process model for healthcare workers in the Philippines and proposes sacred burnout as a provisional outcome construct. Through integrative conceptual analysis, theory synthesis, and differential concept comparison, the article integrates religious coping theory with conservation of resources theory. It distinguishes the recursive sacred depletion process from the sacred burnout state and identifies reduced sacred restoration as the proposed mechanism connecting occupational resource loss with declining spiritual and vocational vitality. Sacred burnout is defined as spiritual and vocational exhaustion characterized by diminished restoration from sacred practices and meanings that remain valued within inadequately supported healthcare work. The model differentiates internalized sacred obligation from externally imposed sacred obligation and introduces institutional sacralization of sacrifice to explain how vocational, moral, religious, or heroic language may normalize excessive sacrifice or shift responsibility for unsafe working conditions to healthcare workers. It incorporates recursive relationships among boundary erosion, cumulative resource loss, sacred expectation conflict, and reduced sacred restoration while recognizing organizational, relational, psychological, and spiritual recovery pathways. Sacred burnout is distinguished provisionally from occupational burnout, compassion fatigue, moral injury, religious struggle, spiritual dryness, and depression. It is not a diagnosis, validated screening category, or measure of religious commitment. Its conceptual value depends on evidence of discriminant, incremental, and longitudinal validity. Sustainable responses require noncoercive spiritual care, differentiated psychological assessment, protected recovery, and institutional accountability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interfaith Belonging and Spiritual Health: A Conceptual Analysis of Flourishing in a Religiously Diverse Philippines.","authors":"Jefferson Moreno De Castro, Jomar Seguro Tianio","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02789-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02789-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Religion-and-health scholarship often emphasizes religiosity and coping while giving less attention to how relationships across religious and worldview differences shape spiritual health. This conceptual study develops a Relational Interfaith Well-Being Framework for the religiously diverse Philippines. Using integrative, concept-driven thematic analysis, the study synthesizes empirical, theoretical, conceptual, and contextual literature and brings six lower-order themes, organized into three higher-order themes, into dialog with Intergroup Contact Theory and Social Identity Theory. Interfaith belonging is proposed as a central relational and institutional condition characterized by equal dignity, accurate identity recognition, meaningful voice, psychological safety, reciprocal participation, and freedom from coercion across religious, spiritual, questioning, disaffiliated, and nonreligious worldviews. Relational interfaith alignment is conceptualized as a provisional multidimensional framework-level mechanism through which contact quality, identity recognition, psychological safety, reciprocal participation, and institutional support may operate in supportive, fragile, critically misaligned, or mixed configurations. Religious identity security, psychological safety, reciprocal interfaith support, institutional inclusion, collective interfaith efficacy, and contact quality function as supporting conditions or pathways. Spiritual health is positioned as the proximal outcome domain, while human flourishing represents the broader outcome domain. The framework further recognizes that majority-minority position varies across localities, institutions, policy issues, socioeconomic positions, and access to decision-making authority, and that interfaith participation is shaped by intragroup diversity and internal coercion. Proposed pathways connect identity threat, concealment, coercion, and exclusion with spiritual distress, while recognition, reciprocity, and institutional protection may support spiritual security, meaningful participation, and access to supportive resources. All relationships remain interpretive, provisional, and subject to empirical testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Suicide Prevention Competencies Among Muslim Faith Leaders in Canada: Levels and Determinants from a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ibrahim Fayaz, Amir Erfani","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02781-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-026-02781-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suicide prevention is a critical public health issue, yet little is known about how prepared Muslim faith leaders are to handle situations involving suicidal distress. Despite serving as key sources of support within their communities, their readiness and the factors influencing it remain understudied. This study addresses this gap by assessing the levels of Suicide Prevention Competency (SPC) among Muslim faith leaders in Canada and identifying the main determinants of these competencies. A national online survey was conducted between September and December 2025 using purposive and convenience sampling through Muslim clergy networks and professional associations (N = 99). The survey adapted the Clergy Suicide Prevention Competencies Developmental Rubric to assess overall SPC and five domains using a 14-item, four-point developmental scale. Analyses used descriptive statistics, correlations, mean-difference tests, and linear regression. Results showed moderate overall SPC (M = 2.52, SD = 0.65). Competency was highest in theological and cultural framing (M = 2.86, SD = 0.74) and clergy well-being (M = 2.81, SD = 0.79) and lowest in leadership and community engagement (M = 2.17, SD = 0.74) and postvention and crisis management (M = 2.14, SD = 0.97). Suicide prevention training hours showed the strongest correlation with SPC (r = .526, p = .001), followed by contact with suicidal individuals (r = .449, p = .001). In regression models, both training hours (B = .017, p = .001) and contact frequency (B = .018, p = .01) remained significant predictors, whereas years of leadership experience and suicide-related Janazah (funeral) prayers did not. These findings provide the first quantitative evidence on SPC among Muslim faith leaders in Canada and highlight the need for structured training, enhanced mosque-level preparedness, and stronger partnerships between clergy and mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peace From on High? How Religion Moderates the Stress of Higher Status American Workers.","authors":"Rachael Murdock, Laura Upenieks, Scott Schieman","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02782-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02782-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Building on the stress process model, this study examines whether religiosity moderates the mental health consequences of higher-status work among American workers. Drawing on the stress of higher status (SHS) framework and job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, we analyze data from the 2023 Measuring Employment Sentiments and Social Inequality survey (MESSI; N = 1744), a nationally representative survey of American workers. We focus on three work-related stressors central to the stress of higher status-job authority, long work hours, and work-family conflict-and three dimensions of religion/spirituality: prayer, religious service attendance, and beliefs in divine control. Regression results show that divine control operates as a domain-specific moderator. It buffers the positive association between work-family conflict and psychological distress but shows a stress-exacerbation pattern in contexts of high job authority. In contrast, prayer and attendance exhibit modest main effects with psychological distress but do not significantly moderate stressor-distress associations. No patterns of moderation emerge for long work hours. Taken together, our findings highlight religion as a multidimensional and status-contingent resource, underscoring the importance of matching specific religious dimensions to particular stress processes in shaping mental health. We also propose several future directions to integrate religion with research on work and mental health within the SHS framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faith, Climate-Related Distress, and Ecological Hope in the Philippines: A Conceptual Framework for Spiritual Meaning and Collective Agency.","authors":"Leenil A Ocampo, Jomar S Tianio, Omar R Manlapas","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02791-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-026-02791-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate-related distress in the Philippines may involve realistic fear, ecological grief, disaster trauma, disrupted meaning, and spiritual struggle, yet spiritual responses are neither uniformly protective nor harmful. This theory-building conceptual article develops a spiritual climate resilience framework integrating the meaning-making model with hope theory. The framework explains how ecological threat or loss may contribute to differentiated distress and meaning discrepancy, which are interpreted through spiritual appraisal and related to motivational, behavioral, and communal responses. It distinguishes reality-affirming and responsibility-oriented appraisal, religiously framed fatalistic appraisal, punitive religious appraisal, and denial-oriented or spiritually bypassing appraisal. Ecological hope spirituality is proposed as a provisional spiritually grounded orientation integrating truthful ecological risk recognition, accommodation of grief and uncertainty, sacred or ultimately meaningful responsibility, personal and collective agency, credible pathways, and continued engagement without guaranteed success. Hopeful ecological agency represents its motivational expression, while communal ecological action represents one possible organized behavioral expression. The framework separates individual psychological, spiritual, relational and community, and ecological and institutional outcomes, recognizing that psychological well-being does not automatically produce ecological action and that participation may coexist with grief, exhaustion, frustration, or political exposure. Hazard exposure, social support, collective efficacy, material resources, institutional trust, environmental governance, and participation opportunities may condition the proposed relationships. The framework preserves governmental and industrial accountability and does not locate climate resilience solely within vulnerable communities. Ecological hope spirituality remains unvalidated and requires evidence of discriminant, incremental, cross-religious, cultural, and longitudinal validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}