Ghulam Ishaq, Adnan Adil, Rafia Rafique, Iram Batool, Hina Sultan
{"title":"The Faithful Path to Health: An Exploratory Qualitative Study Investigating Religious Dimensions of Treatment Adherence Among Muslim Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis in Pakistan.","authors":"Ghulam Ishaq, Adnan Adil, Rafia Rafique, Iram Batool, Hina Sultan","doi":"10.1007/s10943-025-02499-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-025-02499-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) rises worldwide, it poses a serious threat to public health. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) or hemodialysis (HD) is essential for the survival of these patients. HD is the treatment of choice for most patients. However, a perceptual evaluation of the religious beliefs that motivate patients to follow this course of treatment remains largely unexplored. This exploratory qualitatively study examined the religious aspects that Muslim ESRD patients in Pakistan undergoing hemodialysis found meaningful as they struggled to adhere to their treatment plans. Thematic analysis was conducted on a dataset comprising a purposively recruited sample of 5 male and 5 female ESRD patients. Two subthemes emerged under the overarching theme of religious influence on adherence: self-proclaimed religious convictions and religious coping. Religious coping was associated with better management and emerged as a positive influence on treatment adherence. Conversely, self-proclaimed religious convictions were linked to poor management and acted as a hindrance to treatment adherence. Healthcare providers, particularly nephrologists and health psychologists, should encourage patients with ESRD to embrace treatment adherence by considering their self-proclaimed religious convictions and integrating them into a religious coping mechanism. This approach aims to improve overall treatment adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4998-5013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of AI and Voice-Activated Technology in Religious Education in China: Capturing Emotional Depth for Deeper Learning.","authors":"Ning Wang, Meng Kang","doi":"10.1007/s10943-025-02347-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-025-02347-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in religious education is an emerging area of research. This study explores the potential of AI and voice-activated technologies in capturing the emotional depth of chanting during spiritual practices. The study used pre-trained voice recognition models combined with deep learning to analyze vocal characteristics. The objective of the research was to develop AI algorithms for analyzing vocal characteristics and assessing the emotional states of practitioners. For this purpose, 110 first- and second-year Chinese university students majoring in vocal performance were involved. The students were divided into experimental (trained with the help of AI) and control groups (trained traditionally). The study used the correlation analysis method. The Spielberger State-Anxiety Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to measure emotional states. Participants trained with AI-assisted tools demonstrated significant improvement in their voices' intonation, volume, timbre, and frequency spectrum, as well as increased calmness. Compared to the control group that did not use AI technologies, these improvements were statistically significant. Correlation analysis confirmed a strong relationship between vocal parameters and participants' emotional states. This research highlights the effectiveness of AI in religious education and opens new avenues for enhancing educational processes by providing participants with objective feedback on their spiritual practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4325-4342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Perception of Elderly Care Students and Their Hopelessness Levels: A Turkish Example.","authors":"Dilek Uysal, Selda Yıldız, Yasemin Kavlak","doi":"10.1007/s10943-025-02513-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-025-02513-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the relationship between spirituality, perceptions of spiritual care, and hopelessness among elderly care technician students in Türkiye. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 284 students through a sociodemographic form, the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The mean SSCRS score was 63.41 ± 8.76, indicating high spiritual sensitivity. Subscale scores were: Spirituality and Spiritual Care (26.58 ± 5.40), Religiosity (15.47 ± 1.83), and Individual Care (14.22 ± 2.88). The mean BHS score was 5.72 ± 4.86, reflecting low hopelessness. A weak negative correlation was found between spirituality and hopelessness. Despite students' limited ability to define the concepts of spirituality and spiritual care, their elevated scores on the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS)-particularly within the 'Spirituality and Spiritual Care' and 'Religiosity' subscales-indicate a strong internalization of these values. This suggests that, although theoretical understanding is insufficient, students recognize the practical significance of spiritual care and perceive religiosity as an integral component of holistic care. Furthermore, the strong performance in the Religiosity subscale implies that students view spiritual care not only as psychological or emotional support but also as encompassing faith-based dimensions, such as prayer and religious practices. Integrating theoretical and practical spiritual care education into elderly care programs may help students combine faith-based values with professional skills, maintain hope, and improve care quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4940-4967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco-anxiety, Psychology, and Theological Beliefs About Creation Among Clergy and Lay People in the Church of England.","authors":"Andrew Village, Leslie J Francis","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02760-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-026-02760-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest in eco-anxiety is growing rapidly, partly for therapeutic reasons and partly because it may be a motivation for pro-environmental behaviours. There is little study of how religious identities or church traditions and specific theological beliefs are related to eco-anxiety. This cross-sectional survey of 3240 clergy and laity from the Church of England explored the relationships between eco-anxiety, psychological dispositions, church tradition, and specific theological beliefs about creation. Eco-anxiety was measured using a subset of items from the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale. The number of eco-friendly activities increased with eco-anxiety, although the relationship was asymptotic rather than linear. The distribution of eco-anxiety symptom counts was zero inflated. Those recording zero symptoms were more likely to be younger, male, and Evangelical than those recording one or more symptoms. Recording zero symptoms seemed to be partly a mark of ideological 'eco-denial'. Psychological predictors of eco-anxiety were high emotional volatility scores (neuroticism), low thinking scores, and, to a lesser extent, low sensing scores. Theological beliefs about human dominion over creation and about divine rather than human control of the fate of the Earth predicted lower eco-anxiety, while theological beliefs about human stewardship and about the sacramental nature of creation predicted higher eco-anxiety. The effect of theological conservatism on predicting zero eco-anxiety was less important for Evangelicals, who were generally more conservative, than it was for other church traditions. Eco-anxiety in this religious sample was shaped by the complex effects of psychological dispositions, specific theological beliefs about creation, church tradition, and theological conservatism.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4511-4535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remaining Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Spiritual and Psychiatric Reflections on Magnifica Humanitas.","authors":"Julio Torales","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02729-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-026-02729-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly shaping the ways in which psychiatry understands, predicts, communicates, and responds to mental suffering. Although ethical discussions have rightly emphasised safety, transparency, privacy, accountability, and bias, the psychiatric implications of AI also require deeper anthropological and spiritual reflection. Developed from Paraguay and situated within international psychiatric and spiritual-health scholarship, this conceptual paper examines AI in psychiatry through the lens of Magnifica Humanitas, the first encyclical of Pope Leo XIV, which addresses the safeguarding of the human person in the age of AI. Using an interdisciplinary conceptual approach, the paper reads the encyclical as a spiritual and anthropological resource rather than as a narrowly doctrinal text, and asks what vision of the human person is assumed when psychological distress is translated into data, prediction, and automated response. Drawing on the encyclical's contrast between Babel and Jerusalem, the paper distinguishes between a digital psychiatry oriented towards control, optimisation, and standardisation, and one oriented towards dignity, vulnerability, communion, and the rebuilding of bonds. It further explores vulnerability, loneliness, digital suffering, moral injury, structural determinants of well-being, and the therapeutic relationship in AI-assisted psychiatry. The central argument is that AI may assist psychiatric care, but it cannot replace the moral, relational, spiritual, and interdisciplinary significance of human accompaniment. A spiritually informed human-centred psychiatry should therefore adopt AI with neither fear nor uncritical enthusiasm, ensuring that technological innovation remains ordered towards dignity, meaning, trust, community, justice, and hope.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4209-4244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religion as a Functional Equivalent of Medicine: Religious Experiences of Family Caregivers of People with Chronic Illnesses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Kaleab Fikre","doi":"10.1007/s10943-024-02229-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-024-02229-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article details the religious experiences of family caregivers in living with and caring for people with chronic illnesses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This phenomenological study conducted in-depth interviews with 20 family caregivers recruited from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, who accompanied their loved ones during medical appointments or hospital stays. It used a thematic analysis to analyze the collected data. The findings revealed that religious practices and services serve as a crucial coping resource for families who often take the caregiving burden for people with chronic illnesses. The widely held belief is that health, illness, and healing are intricately linked to spiritual practices or wicked deeds. This perspective often leads family caregivers with chronic illnesses to seek spiritual support from religious institutions as a functional equivalent rather than relying solely on medicine. They usually participate in rituals, like prayer, fasting, bathing with or drinking holy water (tsebel), seeking healing for physical pain, comfort for emotional tolls, and social support for companionship and other relational resources. Religious services are available in Addis Ababa regardless of religious background, ensuring the absence of religious barriers. Families often prioritize their loved one's health by seeking healing services in various places. This inclusivity allows accessing support without feeling excluded for their beliefs, creating welcoming environments for all religions. This approach to caregiving enables families to feel a sense of control and hope during uncertainty. The article highlights that incorporating religious practices into caregiving enhances well-being, improves health outcomes, and boosts social and emotional support.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4799-4814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amrit Daffu-O'Reilly, Kuldip Bharj, Maria Horne, Daryl O'Connor, Mark Conner, Felicity Astin
{"title":"Exploring the Religious Practice of Langar as a Route to Health Promotion in the Sikh Community in Northern England: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Amrit Daffu-O'Reilly, Kuldip Bharj, Maria Horne, Daryl O'Connor, Mark Conner, Felicity Astin","doi":"10.1007/s10943-024-02077-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-024-02077-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are prevalent among UK South Asians. Langar is a Sikh religious food practice that could be important in dietary health promotion. This study explored perceptions of langar, its role in health, readiness and strategies for change and whether Gurdwaras (Sikh place of worship) are able to support change. Using an exploratory qualitative design, we conducted eight focus groups and one single interview with 28 Gurdwara attendees (12 males, 16 females), analysing transcripts using thematic analysis. Four themes were developed that described the meaning of langar, the understanding of health among Sikhs, the evolution of langar and implications for health and changing langar to protect health. It can be concluded that any change to langar needs to be gradual, respectful and widely supported. This research has scope to continue in light of the potential impact on health for the Sikh community.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4576-4598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religious Concerns about the Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Clinical Medicine and Patient Care.","authors":"George Chengxi Bao, Ezra Gabbay","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02745-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-026-02745-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the medical and spiritual care of the sick is expected to challenge a range of religious values and norms. Various religious authorities have expressed concerns about AI's integration, which include the questionable ability of AI to express genuine empathy, the risk of humans abandoning caretaking roles, the misuse of AI for religious rites, the attributing of spiritual and supernatural qualities to machines leading to idolatry, the undermining of provider responsibility and accountability, the dereliction of human intellect, the risk of bias and inappropriate proselytization, and threats to health equity. This manuscript identifies common concerns across major religious traditions, including Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. AI integration should align with values that promote human health and flourishing. Such values are often rooted in religious teaching, and understanding the reservations that religious communities have toward AI will help ensure such alignment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4289-4304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Biz, Francesca Della Rocca, Alessandro Rossin, Luigi Pomes, Giuseppe Carolla, Michele Andreotti, Pietro Ruggieri
{"title":"The Representation of Foot and Leg Healing in Art: A Historical Iconographic Perspective from the Sixth Century Onward.","authors":"Carlo Biz, Francesca Della Rocca, Alessandro Rossin, Luigi Pomes, Giuseppe Carolla, Michele Andreotti, Pietro Ruggieri","doi":"10.1007/s10943-025-02524-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-025-02524-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This historical review aims not only to identify and analyse artistic depictions of miraculous healings of various injuries and orthopaedic pathologies affecting the foot and leg over the centuries, but also to explore the stories of the saints portrayed and the exceptional artists who brought these miracles to life through their masterpieces. By examining historical and artistic sources, this study traces the evolution of healing iconography from the earliest descriptions in the sixth century, through the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. Special attention is given to the increasing anatomical accuracy in these works of art, influenced by Renaissance figures such as Andreas Vesalius, who collaborated with artists like Titian. An iconographic analysis reveals the symbolic and didactic roles of these artworks in both religious and medical contexts. Findings reveal that religious art functioned both as a vehicle for theological messages and as an educational medical tool, strengthening the belief in divine healing and promoting new perspectives in the advances of active and dynamic medical science. These depictions supported the rise of church-affiliated hospitals, marking a transition from purely miraculous healing to practices grounded in anatomy and empirical medicine. This study highlights how depictions of foot and leg healing in religious art functioned simultaneously as expressions of faith and as vehicles for medical education for embracing new medical insights. This dynamic interplay between art, religion and medicine laid the foundation for the integration of visual representation into modern medical science, ultimately shaping the evolution of orthopaedics and anatomical understanding in subsequent centuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"5121-5149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wendy P Geuverink, Janneke T Gitsels, Christy Betgem, Diewertje Houtman, Carla G van El, Martina C Cornel, Bert Jan Lietaert Peerbolte, Linda Martin
{"title":"Dutch Christian Faith Leaders Deliberating Human Germline Gene Editing: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Wendy P Geuverink, Janneke T Gitsels, Christy Betgem, Diewertje Houtman, Carla G van El, Martina C Cornel, Bert Jan Lietaert Peerbolte, Linda Martin","doi":"10.1007/s10943-026-02637-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10943-026-02637-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While human germline gene editing (HGGE) is not allowed, the World Health Organization and others called for public dialogue to clarify the values at stake. Some values may be rooted in religion, such as Christianity, and relevant to religious communities and wider society. In-depth interviews (N = 16) were conducted with Dutch Christian faith leaders in 2019 and 2024. Participants were asked about their views and underlying values, their possible approaches in pastoral counselling and their recommendations for future legislation regarding HGGE. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The findings of this study firstly showed that participants' views on the (un)acceptability of HGGE were underpinned by six values: human dignity; humility; alleviation of suffering; acceptance; compassion and justice. Secondly, regarding pastoral counselling, participants indicated that they would try to support the person(s) in need unconditionally regardless of their church teachings and/or their own values regarding HGGE. At the same time, their values would guide a thoughtful reflection on someone's motivation behind using HGGE. Finally, regarding future legislation, participants call for great caution and for legislation against human enhancement. They worry about a slippery slope from individual 'therapeutic' cases to unwanted expansions. This study contributes to a better understanding of values that lead to views regarding HGGE, which is relevant for dialogues and policymaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":48054,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Religion & Health","volume":" ","pages":"4654-4684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}