Environment and Urbanization最新文献

{"title":"Participation as ‘city-making’: a critical assessment of participatory planning in the Mukuru Special Planning Area in Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"Smith Ouma","doi":"10.1177/09562478231175031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478231175031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper undertakes a critical analysis of participation as employed in planning for the Mukuru informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. In 2017, these settlements were declared a Special Planning Area (SPA) by the Nairobi City County Government, which triggered a participatory process aimed at developing an integrated development plan for the settlements. The SPA process, examined here as a mode of city-making, is understood as a political project that was aimed at reorienting power relations in the city and redefining the conditions of urban citizenship. It enabled the entry of the inhabitants of Mukuru into official domains of participation from which they engaged with other stakeholders in identifying pressing issues within the settlements, leading to co-produced interventions. The paper examines how participation was understood and tested in the SPA, its transformative aspects and some pitfalls that undermined the process.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global development and urban studies: tactics for thinking beyond the North–South binary","authors":"T. Gillespie, D. Mitlin","doi":"10.1177/09562478231172057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478231172057","url":null,"abstract":"Recent calls to shift from an “international” to a “global” development paradigm have sought to challenge global North–South binaries. This has provoked lively debate, with criticisms focusing on two issues: the empirical question of North–South convergence since 1990, and the political-theoretical basis of the proposed paradigm. In response, this paper draws on innovations in postcolonial and comparative urban studies to propose three “tactics” for thinking globally about development: thinking from the South to understand the North; comparing across difference; and exploring transnational flows, circuits and relationships. These tactics demonstrate how it is possible to disrupt geographical binaries while also addressing the two major criticisms of the global development approach. First, they demonstrate that establishing convergence is not a prerequisite to thinking about development across the global North–South distinction. Second, they are informed by critical theoretical approaches that animate a deep commitment to transforming the structural causes of inequalities globally.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"77 1","pages":"433 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82724248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social movements in the context of crisis: waste picker organizations as collaborative public partners in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Jutta Gutberlet,&nbsp;Adalberto Mantovani Martiniano de Azevedo,&nbsp;Leandro Morais,&nbsp;Miguel Juan Bacic,&nbsp;Maryellen Silva de Mesquita","doi":"10.1177/09562478221151110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221151110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social movements are purposeful, organized groups of people addressing the creation and reproduction of inequality, rights and access issues, seeking to transform sectoral policies. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, social movements have been acting in articulation with government and private companies and through other actions formulated within their networks, as service deliverers to the poor and vulnerable populations most heavily affected, often filling a gap created by unfulfilled policies. Our research with waste picker organizations in Brazil illustrates how their struggle for recognition has taken action in this context. Academic and government documents, social media and online material (blogs, posts, websites, etc.) and virtual meetings inform this research. We found that multiple actors have contributed to mitigate the urgent needs of waste pickers during the pandemic, but that at the same time, pre-existing challenges in waste management and the lack of wide-ranging social and economic inclusion have been further intensified.</p>","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"255-274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/d1/10.1177_09562478221151110.PMC9895273.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9305628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framing ‘slums’: global policy discourses and urban inequalities","authors":"S. Khan, D. T. te Lintelo, H. MacGregor","doi":"10.1177/09562478221150210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221150210","url":null,"abstract":"Slums and informal settlements have long been a policy concern, particularly in post-independence cities of the global South. Although national and local governments devise public policy seeking to address these habitations, these policy initiatives occur in conversation with the often far less visible global policy discourses of international urban development actors. Positing their ideational influence, this study analyses how global discourses from key multilateral agencies and donors have framed the problem of slums and informal settlements over time, to uncover assumptions and biases that ideationally, if indirectly, contribute to urban inequality, marginalization and socio-spatial othering in the city.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"74 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42215387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summaries of Articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/09562478231153769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478231153769","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134946373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divided infrastructure: legal exclusion and water inequality in an urban slum in Mumbai, India.","authors":"Maya Lubeck-Schricker, Anita Patil-Deshmukh, Sharmila L Murthy, Munni Devi Chaubey, Baliram Boomkar, Nizamuddin Shaikh, Tejal Shitole, Misha Eliasziw, Ramnath Subbaraman","doi":"10.1177/09562478221121737","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09562478221121737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inadequate water access is central to the experience of urban inequality across low- and middle-income countries and leads to adverse health and social outcomes. Previous literature on water inequality in Mumbai, India's second largest city, offers diverse explanations for water disparities between and within slums.⁽¹⁾ This study provides new insights on water disparities in Mumbai's slums by evaluating the influence of legal status on water access. We analyzed data from 593 households in Mandala, a slum with legally recognized (notified) and unrecognized (non-notified) neighborhoods. Relative to households in a notified neighborhood, households in a non-notified neighborhood suffered disadvantages in water infrastructure, accessibility, reliability, and spending. Non-notified households used significantly fewer liters per capita per day of water, even after controlling for religion and socioeconomic status. Our findings suggest that legal exclusion may be a central driver of water inequality. Extending legal recognition to excluded slum settlements, neighborhoods, and households could be a powerful intervention for reducing urban water inequality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"178-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237587/pdf/nihms-1899805.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Addressing urban inequalities II: discursive and material practices through scale","authors":"C. Levy, Alexandre Apsan Frediani, S. Butcher, C. Cociña, M. Acuto","doi":"10.1177/09562478231153761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478231153761","url":null,"abstract":"This is the second part of the special double issue of Environment and Urbanization that seeks to advance our understanding of urban inequality and how it can be addressed at different scales. The first issue in October 2022 proposed a framework for assessing pathways to urban equality based on the recognition of two fundamental conditions. The first is the importance of a multidimensional approach to poverty and inequality. The second is the necessity for bringing together multiple ways of knowing, crucial not only for a deeper understanding of inequalities, but also for the transformative potential of such “knowledges” when they are co-produced. In this second issue, these themes are explored further by focusing on the discursive and material practices at different scales that can reinforce inequalities, but that when co-produced with the aim of fulfilling the rights of urban residents, can also construct and reproduce pathways to urban equality. As we noted in the first issue:","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"3 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45358503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulletin Board","authors":"Bulletin Board, I. M. stateMent","doi":"10.1177/09562478231153762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478231153762","url":null,"abstract":"Environment and Urbanization (E&U) seeks to advance a more socially just and environmentally sustainable urban world through the provision of knowledge. Our focus is the global South, where an estimated one in three of the urban population live in informal settlements and where more than half work within the informal economy. UN projections suggest that almost all the world’s growth in population in the next few decades will be in urban centres in the global South. Contributors to E&U include those engaging with critical social science to add theoretical and conceptual insights, those reporting innovative empirical findings that augment our understanding of context and solutions (and their significance for theories and concepts), and those able to share the voices of activist representative groups and movements that are rarely seen in the scholarly literature. In other words, our journal aims both to advance social justice and be the change we strive for by encouraging contributions that share the perspectives of disadvantaged and marginalized groups. E&U particularly encourages researchers, NGO staff, professionals and activists in Africa, Asia and Latin America to write about their work, present their ideas and debate issues. We promote the work of FrenchSpanishand Portuguese-speaking authors by arranging for the translation of their work into English. Papers commonly deal with poverty, inequality and the power relations underpinning both disadvantage and transformation. Papers also report on trends, policies, programmes and practices related to urbanization, urban development and urban environments. We are concerned with processes of progressive change, while recognizing that these are contested, and that change is neither uni-linear nor necessarily progressive. Urbanization processes are often poorly understood and papers that contribute insights supporting an accurate understanding of grounded realities are important to us. We recognize that sustainable development, including needed responses to climate change, is critical to both current and future populations, and that ecosystems have a critical role in the wellbeing of urban populations and the resilience of their cities. We encourage contributions related to such themes.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"276 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43590935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sanitation citizenship: state expectations and community practices of shared toilet use and maintenance in urban India","authors":"K. O’reilly, J. Budds","doi":"10.1177/09562478221148027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09562478221148027","url":null,"abstract":"Although India declared itself “open defecation free” in 2019, critics charge that its national urban sanitation campaign, Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban (SBM-U), has failed. SBM-U provided community toilets in informal settlements where household latrines were unviable, delegating their upkeep to local governments and users. Initially, these community toilets were used. However, the failure to maintain and repair them resulted in a reversion to open defecation, forcing the state to reconsider its decision to withdraw after construction. We use the SBM-U to develop a framework of “sanitation citizenship”, which emerges through sanitation infrastructure’s use and disuse, and emerges over its life course. We trace how mutual expectations and everyday practices of citizenship by the state and users aligned and fractured during the construction, maintenance and repair phases of community toilets. We argue that the changing material condition of infrastructure is critical to negotiations over mutual obligations and definitions of the citizenship contract.","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"238 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44652760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tired","authors":"Tina Cribbin","doi":"10.4324/9781315815060-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315815060-37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48038,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization","volume":"35 1","pages":"199 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48121987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}