{"title":"Assessing the Anti-Globalization Movement: Protest Against the WTO, IMF, and World Bank in Cross-National Perspective","authors":"Arman Azedi, Evan Schofer","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2023.2167672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2023.2167672","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines protests targeting Multilateral Economic Institutions (MEIs), namely the WTO, IMF, and World Bank from 1995 to 2018 across a large sample of countries using data drawn from media reports. We consider conventional social movement arguments regarding domestic and international resources and political opportunities, as well as economic threats, integration into the global economy, and the effects of international lending. Hypotheses are evaluated using negative binomial panel regression models of annual country protest counts. Results are consistent with several arguments. Recessions and high unemployment are associated with the number of anti-MEI protests, and countries that receive large IMF loans also tend to have more protests. Moreover, we observe a globalization of the political landscape itself. International sites, such as the locations of WTO, IMF, and World Bank summits, serve as powerful magnets for protest. Finally, we note a decline in anti-globalization protests in recent years. We suspect that this reflects the weakening of MEIs, which have seen their influence wane amidst diminished enthusiasm for globalization. As the neo-liberal agenda stalls, MEIs lose salience and social movements have shifted their attention elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"445 - 470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41959260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LG but Not T: Opposition to Transgender Rights Amidst Gay and Lesbian Acceptance","authors":"Kelsy Burke, Emily Kazyak, Marissa Oliver, Payton Valkr","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2023.2167673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2023.2167673","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article draws on sociological theories of affect and ambivalence to empirically examine individuals who express support for the rights of gays and lesbians but not transgender people. Using a representative survey of Nebraska residents and quantitative and qualitative analysis of close-ended and open-ended responses, we find that the group we call “inconsistents” are more similar demographically to consistent opponents, they outnumber consistent opponents, and that they rely on two types of logics to justify their views. For nearly all who oppose employment nondiscrimination and bathroom protections for transgender people, they use an identity logic to express skepticism, and often overt hostility, toward transgender identity. For most who oppose only bathroom protections but support employment nondiscrimination, they use a setting logic that emphasizes how social context determines when definitions of gender matter (like when using public restrooms). Our analysis shows that attitudes about LGBT rights are not dichotomous or always uniform and serves as a model to understand other contentious social issues.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"471 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41699141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring Cross-National Variations in Religiosity and Attitudes Toward Science and Technology Using Machine Learning","authors":"John J. Lee","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2023.2165573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2023.2165573","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study uses resampling methods and machine learning to measure how religio-scientific groups are distributed across regions, countries/territories, and religious groups. Across 76 societies (N = 143,092), the distribution of class membership is as follows: traditional (31.9 percent), modern (23.7 percent), post-secular (30.3 percent), and postmodern (14.1 percent). Although most societies are dominated by a single class, there is evidence of significant heterogeneity within societies in class prevalence. Those with post-secular views are both religious and feel favorably toward science; however, when faced with a conflict between religion and science they tend to support religion. Ultimately, societies with large traditional and post-secular classes are significantly more likely to support religion given a conflict with science; in contrast, the reverse is true for societies with large modern and postmodern classes.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"423 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44000928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sociological QuarterlyPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2021-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2021.1989991
Ashley L Wright, Vincent J Roscigno, Natasha Quadlin
{"title":"First-Generation Students, College Majors, and Gendered Pathways.","authors":"Ashley L Wright, Vincent J Roscigno, Natasha Quadlin","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2021.1989991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00380253.2021.1989991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging literatures have highlighted the social- and resource-related inequalities among first-generation college students. Less attention has been devoted to the curricular pathways (i.e., college majors) these students follow and their potentially gendered character. We build on educational inequality and gender literatures in this article, and arguments surrounding habitus and class-based dispositions to address this gap. Our analyses draw on several waves of the Education Longitudinal Survey (ELS-2002) merged with national data on sex composition of fields of study. Our results suggest unique pathways in college for first-generation compared to continuing-generation students. Specifically, first-generation students are more likely to choose occupationally specific \"applied\" majors than their continuing-generation counterparts. Modeling by gender reveals little to moderate variation between first- and continuing-generation students' representation in female-dominated majors. These patterns generally hold for 2- and 4-year college going samples. We conclude by discussing the relevance of these findings for educational inequality, eventual job returns, and occupational mobility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"67-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11160937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43753229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sociological QuarterlyPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2023.2198583
Anna Manzoni, Jessi Streib
{"title":"Moving Away from One's Origins: Predictors of Becoming a First-Generation College Graduate and Not Becoming a Continuing-Generation Graduate.","authors":"Anna Manzoni, Jessi Streib","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2023.2198583","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00380253.2023.2198583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nearly a third of students whose parents do not have bachelor's degrees become first-generation college graduates and over a third of students with at least one parent with a bachelor's degree do not become continuing-generation college graduates. We apply insights from social reproduction theory to study educational mobility, examining which factors are associated with becoming a first-generation college graduate and not becoming a continuing-generation college graduate. Drawing on data from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we find that students with low educational origins who become first-generation college graduates have parents who possess and pass down high levels of some resources for their educational level and are well equipped to use the resources they receive. Likewise, students with high educational origins who do not become continuing-generation graduates tend to have parents who possess few resources for their education level, pass down few of some resources, and are less well equipped to use the resources they receive. We discuss the implications of our findings for the openness of the American educational system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"630-650"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12323392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58950232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond Remittances: How Face Drives Immigration Stories of Undocumented and Mixed-status Chinese Immigrant Families","authors":"Jia‐Lin Liu, H. Cherng","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2022.2146021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2022.2146021","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A growing body of work that has examined Chinese immigration to the US has coined the term “culture of remittances”: money that is sent home not only provides economically but also elevates the “face” of the family. However, using qualitative data from a multiyear ethnographic study of three undocumented and mixed-status Chinese families in the US and their families in China, we find that garnering face for the family is less of a motivator than the fear of losing it. This dynamic plays a role at all stages of immigration and amplifies existing norms in a way that perpetuates disadvantage experienced by Chinese immigrants. As these undocumented Chinese immigrants craft an idealized narrative of their lives in the US, more members from their sending communities are motivated to immigrate, leading to precarious consequences.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"387 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49226946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender and Linked Lives in Chinese Beliefs About Adulthood","authors":"D. Kane","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2022.2147875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2022.2147875","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding how youth conceptualize adulthood can give insight into how they make major life decisions that aggregate into larger trends. Yet research on beliefs about adulthood is underdeveloped with respect to gender, non-Western experience, and parental influence. Based on interviews with 71 young men and women in southwestern China, I demonstrate that neither of the prevailing paradigms for understanding the transition to adulthood fully accounts for how interviewees conceive of this stage of the life course. Instead, the Linked Lives principle, which emphasizes the interdependence of lives, better addresses interviewees’ prioritizing support of parents in defining adulthood as well as the significance they attach to the traditional markers. Finally, gender intersects with the Linked Lives principle such that women are less likely than men to view themselves as adults. This paper demonstrates how looking at gender and Linked Lives together can give more insight into the transition to adulthood, especially outside the West.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"404 - 422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44244434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandrea J. Ravenelle, Jacob Conley, Abigail Newell
{"title":"Left Behind: Yachts, Dinghies, and Perceptions of Social Inequality in COVID-19","authors":"Alexandrea J. Ravenelle, Jacob Conley, Abigail Newell","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2022.2133755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2022.2133755","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Little is known about how portrayals of American unity (i.e. “we’re all in this together”) have been received by essential workers on the front lines of the COVID risk divide, and how the pandemic may have contributed to perceptions of class inequality among lower-income workers. In this paper, we draw upon 192 in-depth interviews with precarious and gig-based workers in New York City. We find that during the height of the first wave of the pandemic, precarious workers often expressed frustration over class-based inequalities and antagonism toward elites. Many respondents expressed significant skepticism toward messages that the pandemic has brought Americans together. Instead, workers identified two distinct, class-based realities in New York: elite Americans are able to socially-distance in “mansions,” or on “yachts,” while precarious workers struggled to weather the storm in “dinghies.” Likewise, workers felt “abandoned” by wealthy owners and managers, who fled the city to socially-distanced homes in beach communities and surrounding suburbs. Our findings suggest that low-wage, high-risk workers articulate complex conceptualizations of inequality and convey grievances toward elites during the pandemic. This study contributes to broader literature on perceived inequality, the rise of noxious work, and the social consequences of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"367 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41633103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poverty, Prevalences, and Penalties in U.S. States, 1993-2016","authors":"D. Nicholson","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2022.2123412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2022.2123412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Poverty is unevenly distributed within the United States – – a fact demonstrated by a rich literature on inequality in the US. By ignoring such variation, research runs the risk of overlooking the geographical distribution of poverty and risks that increase the likelihood of poverty. In this article, I address this by: (1) building on the prevalence and penalties framework, developed in cross-national scholarship, and applying it to the U.S. case given state autonomy in poverty policy; and (2) conducting longitudinal analyses using high-quality data derived from the Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS-ASEC). Through these analyses, I examine the extent of interstate variation in poverty and in the prevalence of risks and the penalties associated with those risks. Results confirm interstate variation in poverty similar to that seen across rich democracies – the focus of much cross-national comparative work – and demonstrate sizable differences in risks and their associated penalties that have grown rapidly since the welfare reforms of the 1990s. These findings have substantial implications for scholars and policymakers interested in understanding poverty and vulnerability in the United States.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"64 1","pages":"339 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43325217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}