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From Empire to Aid: Analysing Persistence of Colonial Legacies in Foreign Aid to Africa 从帝国到援助：分析对非援助中殖民遗产的持久性
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-10-04 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70050
Swetha Ramachandran
{"title":"From Empire to Aid: Analysing Persistence of Colonial Legacies in Foreign Aid to Africa","authors":"Swetha Ramachandran","doi":"10.1002/jid.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For decades now, Western development agencies and donors have been castigated for their colonial biases in providing aid to Africa. It is well established that donors provide considerably more foreign aid to their former colonies relative to other countries. However, what happens over time to the influence of the former colonizer-turned-donor within the aid recipient countries? Does their influence become stronger over time, or does it decline with the emergence of other contemporary donors? Additionally, do these colonial legacies evolve differently depending on who the former colonial power was? Using a statistical analysis of the OECD Creditor Reporting System database, I show that the persistence of colonial legacies in aid, measured through donor concentration, is declining over time across all aid recipient countries. However, the pace of decline varies: former French African colonies, although more concentrated at any given time, see this concentration decrease faster compared with former British African colonies. These trends are likely influenced by the growing number of donors, France's morphing Françafrique policy and the ongoing influence of former colonizers through military and trade avenues. By drawing on interdisciplinary approaches, this research attempts to empirically measure the persistence of colonial legacies across Africa and help inform policy strategies for reforming aid practices by understanding the broader trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 7","pages":"1124-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jid.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relational Governance: Rethinking Donor–Recipient Relations Through the Sawei Lens 关系治理：从萨维视角重新思考施与受赠关系
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-10-04 Epub Date: 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70115
Wai Yi Ma
{"title":"Relational Governance: Rethinking Donor–Recipient Relations Through the Sawei Lens","authors":"Wai Yi Ma","doi":"10.1002/jid.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contemporary international development aid is often undermined by relational weaknesses and technical gaps. Amid 2025 aid retrenchment and the de facto dismantling and reorganization of USAID, this article argues for a more relational approach to aid governance. Drawing on <i>sawei</i> (an Ulithian term literally translating to ‘food basket’), an Indigenous Micronesian exchange system from the Pacific, it identifies five principles: obligation, generational continuity, responsibility, symbolic reciprocity and distributed mediation. Rather than presenting <i>sawei</i> as a model for replication, the article uses it as a heuristic for rethinking how donor interests and recipient priorities might be aligned in more durable partnerships.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 7","pages":"1276-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Broadening the Climate–Conflict Nexus Through Social Sustainability 通过社会可持续性扩大气候冲突关系
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70107
Jose Cuesta, Connor Huff, Lucia Madrigal
{"title":"Broadening the Climate–Conflict Nexus Through Social Sustainability","authors":"Jose Cuesta,&nbsp;Connor Huff,&nbsp;Lucia Madrigal","doi":"10.1002/jid.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change is often cited as a driver of violent conflict, yet its broader social impacts remain less understood. This paper reviews existing evidence and explores links between climate change, conflict and social sustainability—focusing on inclusion, resilience, cohesion and legitimacy. Using recent data, it examines associations between climate events, conflict and social sustainability without inferring causation. The findings suggest relationships across periods, samples and specifications: Conflict is associated with more severe climate impacts and weaker social outcomes, while the relationship between climate vulnerability and conflict is attenuated in places with stronger social sustainability. The sensitivity of these results warrants further attention. The paper concludes by outlining priorities for future research to better understand the complex social dimensions of climate change in conflict-affected contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"1045-1067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Income Inequality and Homicide in North America: A Contextual Analysis of Canada, the United States and Mexico 北美的收入不平等与凶杀：加拿大、美国和墨西哥的背景分析
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70100
Carlos Vilalta, Gustavo Fondevila
{"title":"Income Inequality and Homicide in North America: A Contextual Analysis of Canada, the United States and Mexico","authors":"Carlos Vilalta,&nbsp;Gustavo Fondevila","doi":"10.1002/jid.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines whether income inequality predicts homicide rates in Canada, the United States and Mexico. Drawing on relative deprivation and violent competition theories, we assess whether the inequality–violence relationship varies across national contexts and whether economic growth reduces homicide. Using panel data from 1990 to 2020, we estimate a spatial generalized additive model that allows non-linear and country-specific effects of inequality, GDP per capita and economic growth on homicide rates. The model includes spatial smooths, country and year fixed effects and country-specific functional forms. The results show that income inequality is positively associated with homicide rates only in Canada, offering partial support for theoretical expectations. In the United States and Mexico, inequality does not significantly predict homicide levels. In Mexico, however, current and historical inequality display contrasting patterns consistent with Simpson's paradox. Economic growth does not reduce homicide in any country. The findings indicate that the inequality–violence relationship is neither universal nor linear. National context conditions whether structural pressures become lethal violence, implying that inequality-reduction policies must address institutional and competitive constraints.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"946-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Open Government Data and Household Entrepreneurship in China 中国政府数据开放与家庭创业
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70101
Jing Li
{"title":"Open Government Data and Household Entrepreneurship in China","authors":"Jing Li","doi":"10.1002/jid.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In an era where digital governance plays an increasingly vital role in economic development, open government data (OGD) has emerged as a key policy tool to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. However, evidence on how OGD affects household-level entrepreneurial decisions—particularly in developing economies with large informal sectors—remains scarce. This study investigates the impact of OGD on household entrepreneurship in China, leveraging quasi-natural experimental variations in provincial OGD policies and micro-level data from the China Family Panel Studies (2010–2022). We establish that OGD significantly boosts household entrepreneurship through multiple mechanisms, including fostering digital industry agglomeration, improving information matching, easing credit constraints and building government trust. The overall effect is a 2.1% increase in entrepreneurial probability, yet this masks significant disparities. The benefits are concentrated in opportunity-driven ventures and among high-income, risk-tolerant households, while lower-income families benefit less—not simply due to poverty, but because they lack the digital skills to transform open data into entrepreneurial opportunities. These findings highlight OGD's role not just as a technical tool but as an institutional reform, whose inclusive impact depends on addressing underlying digital, financial and skills-based divides.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"1014-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Blind Spots of Aid Evaluation: Why Do Some Departments Capture Unintended Effects Better Than Others? 援助评估的盲点：为什么有些部门比其他部门更能捕捉到非预期效果？
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70097
Dirk-Jan Koch, Zunera Rana, Charline Burton
{"title":"The Blind Spots of Aid Evaluation: Why Do Some Departments Capture Unintended Effects Better Than Others?","authors":"Dirk-Jan Koch,&nbsp;Zunera Rana,&nbsp;Charline Burton","doi":"10.1002/jid.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines why some evaluation agencies and departments of bilateral aid donors report more unintended effects than others. It does so by analysing Belgian, Dutch and German evaluation practices. Using a comparative political economy approach, it evaluates the rigour and independence vis-à-vis implementers of their systems. Findings show that evaluation systems designed to actively detect unintended effects do identify more of them. Departments and agencies that are structurally separated from the aid implementers find relatively more than two times as much negative unintended effects than those agencies that are embedded within the aid implementer's structure. The study shows (1) how institutional commitment shapes attention to unintended effects and that (2) independence vis-à-vis aid implementers contributes to more reporting on negative unintended effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"961-975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jid.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating Metrics: Disparities and Challenges in Project Evaluations Across Global Development Organisations 导航指标：全球发展组织项目评估中的差异和挑战
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70105
Bryan Cook, Elizabeth Jackson, Paul Alexander
{"title":"Navigating Metrics: Disparities and Challenges in Project Evaluations Across Global Development Organisations","authors":"Bryan Cook,&nbsp;Elizabeth Jackson,&nbsp;Paul Alexander","doi":"10.1002/jid.70105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study e<i>x</i>amines variations in project evaluation practices among 10 major international development organisations and their alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Based on a mixed-methods analysis of 4112 project evaluation reports (2015–2017 and 2020–2022) across six regions and 11 sectors, it reveals persistent methodological disparities, arising from differences in Likert scales, rubrics and the adoption of OECD-DAC 2019 evaluation criteria revisions. These inconsistencies undermine comparability and accountability. Content analysis shows only approximately 20% of reports explicitly map micro-level project outcomes to specific SDG indicators. Cost analysis highlights widespread transparency gaps and substantial variation in underruns and overruns. Greater harmonisation of evaluation frameworks is essential to strengthen accountability and value for money in ODA flows.</p>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"989-998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jid.70105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Income Inequality and Homicide in North America: A Contextual Analysis of Canada, the United States and Mexico 北美的收入不平等与凶杀：加拿大、美国和墨西哥的背景分析
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70100
Carlos Vilalta, Gustavo Fondevila
{"title":"Income Inequality and Homicide in North America: A Contextual Analysis of Canada, the United States and Mexico","authors":"Carlos Vilalta,&nbsp;Gustavo Fondevila","doi":"10.1002/jid.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines whether income inequality predicts homicide rates in Canada, the United States and Mexico. Drawing on relative deprivation and violent competition theories, we assess whether the inequality–violence relationship varies across national contexts and whether economic growth reduces homicide. Using panel data from 1990 to 2020, we estimate a spatial generalized additive model that allows non-linear and country-specific effects of inequality, GDP per capita and economic growth on homicide rates. The model includes spatial smooths, country and year fixed effects and country-specific functional forms. The results show that income inequality is positively associated with homicide rates only in Canada, offering partial support for theoretical expectations. In the United States and Mexico, inequality does not significantly predict homicide levels. In Mexico, however, current and historical inequality display contrasting patterns consistent with Simpson's paradox. Economic growth does not reduce homicide in any country. The findings indicate that the inequality–violence relationship is neither universal nor linear. National context conditions whether structural pressures become lethal violence, implying that inequality-reduction policies must address institutional and competitive constraints.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"946-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Blind Spots of Aid Evaluation: Why Do Some Departments Capture Unintended Effects Better Than Others? 援助评估的盲点：为什么有些部门比其他部门更能捕捉到非预期效果？
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70097
Dirk-Jan Koch, Zunera Rana, Charline Burton
{"title":"The Blind Spots of Aid Evaluation: Why Do Some Departments Capture Unintended Effects Better Than Others?","authors":"Dirk-Jan Koch,&nbsp;Zunera Rana,&nbsp;Charline Burton","doi":"10.1002/jid.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines why some evaluation agencies and departments of bilateral aid donors report more unintended effects than others. It does so by analysing Belgian, Dutch and German evaluation practices. Using a comparative political economy approach, it evaluates the rigour and independence vis-à-vis implementers of their systems. Findings show that evaluation systems designed to actively detect unintended effects do identify more of them. Departments and agencies that are structurally separated from the aid implementers find relatively more than two times as much negative unintended effects than those agencies that are embedded within the aid implementer's structure. The study shows (1) how institutional commitment shapes attention to unintended effects and that (2) independence vis-à-vis aid implementers contributes to more reporting on negative unintended effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"961-975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jid.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Broadening the Climate–Conflict Nexus Through Social Sustainability 通过社会可持续性扩大气候冲突关系
IF 2 4区 经济学
Journal of International Development Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Epub Date: 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/jid.70107
Jose Cuesta, Connor Huff, Lucia Madrigal
{"title":"Broadening the Climate–Conflict Nexus Through Social Sustainability","authors":"Jose Cuesta,&nbsp;Connor Huff,&nbsp;Lucia Madrigal","doi":"10.1002/jid.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change is often cited as a driver of violent conflict, yet its broader social impacts remain less understood. This paper reviews existing evidence and explores links between climate change, conflict and social sustainability—focusing on inclusion, resilience, cohesion and legitimacy. Using recent data, it examines associations between climate events, conflict and social sustainability without inferring causation. The findings suggest relationships across periods, samples and specifications: Conflict is associated with more severe climate impacts and weaker social outcomes, while the relationship between climate vulnerability and conflict is attenuated in places with stronger social sustainability. The sensitivity of these results warrants further attention. The paper concludes by outlining priorities for future research to better understand the complex social dimensions of climate change in conflict-affected contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Development","volume":"38 6","pages":"1045-1067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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