WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"The organics revolution: new narratives and how we can achieve them","authors":"P. Johnston, T. Booth, N. Carlin, L. Cramp, B. Edwards, M. G. Knight, D. Mooney, N. Overton, R. Stevens, J. Thomas, N. Whitehouse, S. Griffiths","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2179537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2179537","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Organic remains from excavated sites include a wide range of materials, from distinct organisms (‘ecofacts’) to biomolecules. Biomolecules provide a variety of new research avenues, while ecofacts with longer histories of study are now being re-harnessed in unexpected ways. These resources are unlocking research potential, transcending what was previously imagined possible. However, this ‘organics revolution’ comes with a salutary corollary: our approaches to recovering and curating organics, and making accessible research data, are not developing as quickly as we need. In this paper, we review retention guidelines for institutions in Britain and Ireland, setting this against the backdrop of a ‘curation crisis’ that is affecting museums throughout Europe, and beyond. We suggest key themes, including the state of existing documentation and considerations of intrinsic and allied research potential, that should be used to open a discussion about the development of more comprehensive and standardised approaches to archiving in the future. Engaging in this conversation is the only way that we can hope to ensure the long-term retention and preservation of organics, while safeguarding associated research data. These changes are needed to ensure future global research collaborations across the academic, curatorial and professional archaeological sectors.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"447 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47213280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illegal archaeological excavation crime in Jordanian law","authors":"Hamzeh Abu Issa, Naji Alwerikat","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2196959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2196959","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the crime of archaeological excavation addressed in the article (26/a/1) of the Antiquities Law of (1988). Clarification of the pillars of such crime required the adoption of descriptive and analytical approach. It included reviewing relevant viewpoints of jurists and judicial jurisprudence. A Thorough analysis included the determination of material, moral elements of the crime and applied penalty. This crime acquires the description of a misdemeanor in crime classification system. Thus, illegal archaeological-excavation activity forms the material element of such misdemeanor. Moreover, illegal archaeological excavation must be carried out in an archaeological site. The moral element of this crime is represented by the general criminal intent. It means that the offender was aware that he is illegally excavating in an archaeological site. The Jordanian legislator required the existence of a special intention expressed in the offender’s aim to find antiquities or archaeological remains.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"477 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imperial ritual appropriation and violence?: the severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times","authors":"Francisco Garrido, Norma Ratto, Catalina Morales, Julia De Stéfano, Claudia M. Aranda, L. Luna","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2179536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2179536","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. However, the meanings associated with this practice seem to have changed during the Inca expansion to Chile, serving as a device for coercion over local populations in the Copiapó valley.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"464 - 476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46748037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience and adaptation of agricultural practice in Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey","authors":"G. Ayala, A. Bogaard, M. Charles, J. Wainwright","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Andrew Sherratt’s ‘Water, soil and seasonality’, World Archaeology (1980), signposted a long-term debate surrounding early farming adaptations to riverine landscapes in western Asia and Europe. Recent research at Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia, a key case study in Sherratt’s ‘floodplain cultivation’ model, enables integrated, evidence-based assessment of the local hydrology and agroecology, and of farmers’ resilience over more than a millennium. In contrast to previous models, the agroecological niche at Çatalhöyük featured strategic planting of diverse crops across a range of hydrological conditions, within and beyond a broad ‘belt’ of small anastomosing river channels extending a kilometre from the site. Growing conditions likely depended on location relative to settlement, a nutrient-rich ‘hot spot’, with diminishing inputs of organic matter and mechanical disturbance away from the tell. This reconstruction contrasts with the original model of ‘floodplain cultivation’ and demonstrates the complexity with which agroecologies evolved through landscape affordances, creative cropping, and resilience.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"407 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43955155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Jōmon food database: construction, analysis and implications for Hokkaido and the Ryukyu Islands, Japan","authors":"Aya Komatsu, E. Cooper, I. Alsos, A. Brown","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2089726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2089726","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the most entrenched binary oppositions in archaeology and anthropology has been the agriculturalist vs hunter-gatherer-fisher dichotomy fuelling a debate that this paper tackles from the bottom-up by seeking to reconstruct full past diets. The Japanese prehistoric Jōmon cultures survived without fully-developed agriculture for more than 10,000 years. Here we compile a comprehensive, holistic database of archaeobotanical and archaeozoological records from the two ends of the archipelago, the northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido and the southernmost island-chain of Ryukyu. The results suggest Jōmon diets varied far more geographically than they did over time, and likely cultivated taxa were important in both regions. This provides the basis for examining how fisher-hunter-gatherer diets can fulfil nutritional requirements from varied environments and were resilient in the face of environmental change.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"390 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41612443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acheulean is a temporally cohesive tradition","authors":"Alastair J. M. Key","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2169340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2169340","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Acheulean has long been considered a single, unified tradition. Decades of morphometric and technological evidence supports such an understanding by demonstrating that a single fundamental Bauplan was followed for more than 1.6 million years. What remains unknown is whether sites assigned to the Acheulean represent multiple socially-independent iterations of the same technological solution to shared ecological (functional) and ergonomic demands. Here, using the ‘surprise test’, the temporal cohesion of the Acheulean record is statistically assessed for the first time. Chronological data from 81 early and late Acheulean sites are investigated to see if breaks in this record warrant the designation of separate, culturally distinct groupings of sites. No significant results were returned, suggesting the Acheulean to be temporally cohesive and there to be no evidence of cultural convergence from a temporal perspective. When combined with previous morphometric, technological and spatial evidence, the best-fit scenario for the Acheulean continues to be that it represents a single, but variable, tradition.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"365 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charismatic megafauna, regional identity, and invasive species: what role does environmental archaeology play in contemporary conservation efforts?","authors":"Meryl Shriver-Rice, M. J. Schneider, Christine J. Pardo","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2118161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2118161","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The popular prioritization of climate change issues over biodiversity loss in environmental archaeology and palaeoecology has been argued to be in part due to agenda-setting created by the ripple effects of widespread media coverage of climatic change. In this paper, we argue that direct scientific evidence for past human landscapes can act as a powerful tool in modern conservation efforts to combat species loss when taking regional identities, historical ecology, and modern political ecologies into account. How to rank and prioritize conservation efforts in the Anthropocene and best make use of archaeological data are lingering questions within Anthropocene anthropology and archaeological science. By engaging with notions of deep-time enchantment and identity, archaeology can aid conservation biology with revealing the religio-philosophical dimensions that exist between humans and other species, in particular charismatic megafauna that lend themselves to high engagement at a local or regional level.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"429 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47013670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Debates and emerging issues in 2022","authors":"N. Sykes","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2206196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2206196","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the papers in this volume are united by their use of large datasets and their application to bioarchaeological, palaeoenvironmental, heritage and preservation practices. Through synthesis, integration and reanalysis the authors provide entirely new perspectives that either confirm or refute received wisdom. For example, Key (2022) brings together lithic data from 81 early and late Acheulean sites across Afro-Eurasia. Using statistical analyses to model spatiotemporal patterns, he is able to support the accepted belief that the Acheulean tradition was cohesive across its 1.6-million-year range. By contrast, Komatsu et al.’s (2002) synthesis of plant and animals remains from prehistoric Japan disproves the traditional discourse concerning the transition from hunter-gatherer-fishers to agriculturalists. Rather than these economies being found in binary opposition, Komatsu et al.’s (2002) analysis demonstrates that, over 10,000 years, Jōmon diets and economies varied more by geography and environment than chronology. Challenges to existing theories are also provided by Ayala et al.’s (2023) study of early farming at Çatalhöyük, Turkey. They combine high-resolution palaeoenvironmental and palaeohydrological reconstructions with extensive archaeobotanical data to provide an alternative to the traditional ‘floodplain cultivation model’, originally proposed by Sherratt (1980). Here, Ayala et al. argue that, far from being low-investment and opportunistic, the agriculturalists of Çatalhöyük adopted strategic planting of diverse crops creating an agroecology that was resilient to climate change. Garrido et al.’s (2023) fascinating reanalysis of severed heads from Argentina and Chile demonstrates how bioarchaeological and biomolecular data can be brought together to inform on sociocultural dynamics and political performance. Their programme of C14 and isotope analysis on skulls recovered from sites in Fiambalá (Argentina) and Copiapó (Chile) provided sufficient new evidence to propose that colonising Inca groups co-opted local ritual practices of skull display as a way of legitimising their power in areas of expansion. Whilst many of the studies in this volume highlight the value of large datasets for better understanding the past, Shriver-Rice et al. (2022) argue that data from environmental archaeology and palaeoecology should be used to underpin debates concerning modern and future species conservation. They point to the fact that the archaeological record contains important evidence about changing patterns of biodiversity and the status (e.g. native or introduced) of plants and animals that is not always known by policy makers. To refine understanding of ancient biodiversity, it is often necessary to apply new biomolecular techniques to archived assemblages. As Johnston et al. (2023) highlight, thanks to the ‘organics revolution’ archives have never been a more important source of biocultural evidence. Yet this is coinciding with a crisis in mus","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"363 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42772270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islands and hominin adaptation","authors":"A. Mijares, Y. Kaifu","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2204626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2204626","url":null,"abstract":"remote island locations. Once colonised, adapting to new island environments was the next task. Different islands had their own set of available resources fit for human exploitation","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"159 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49619475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early modern human migration into Sulawesi and Island adaptation in Wallacea","authors":"R. Ono, H. O. Sofian, Riczar Fuentes, N. Aziz, Marlon Ririmasse, I. M. Geria, C. Katagiri, A. Pawlik","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2172074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2172074","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Maritime migration and island adaptation by anatomically modern humans (AMH) are among the most significant current issues in Southeast Asian archaeology and directly related to their behavioural and technological advancement. In the center of this research hotspot are the Wallacean islands, situated between the Pleistocene landmasses of Sunda and Sahul. Two major migration routes have been suggested for the initial maritime migration from Sunda via Wallacea into Sahul, a northern route into the region of New Guinea and a southern route leading into northern Australia. Here, we report the outcomes of new archaeological research in Central Sulawesi, the most likely entry location for the northern route. Based on our latest findings and new C14 dates from Goa Topogaro 2, we discuss the evidence and timeline for the migration of early modern humans into the Wallacean islands and their adaptation to insular environments during the Late Pleistocene.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"125 ","pages":"229 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41271697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}