WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY最新文献

{"title":"Finding the remains of classical Bagan’s peri-urban support population: using ethnoarchaeological data to enhance archaeological excavation and interpretation","authors":"Gyles Iannone, Scott Macrae, Talis Talving-Loza, Raiza S. Rivera, Pyiet Phyo Kyaw","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1997638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1997638","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Little is known about the lifeways of the commoner populations that supported the expansive pre-industrial cities of Southeast Asia. Archaeologically driven understandings are constrained by the fact that the architecture and much of the material culture utilized by ordinary citizens were made from perishable materials, and many living floors were also raised above the actual ground surface on piles. The challenges associated with searching for and interpreting these quotidian remains, once they are found, can be mitigated to some degree through the integration of ethnoarchaeological insights. This study outlines the results of detailed ethnoarchaeological investigations within ten traditional Myanmar villages located in proximity to the remains of ‘classical’ Bagan’s walled and moated royal city. We then explore how these findings have helped our excavation team recognize and interpret a range of residential remains associated with the ancient city’s peri-urban support population.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"579 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46452174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape, upland-lowland, community, and economy of the mekong river (6th-8th century CE): case studies from the Pre-Angkorian centers of Thala Borivat and Sambor","authors":"Piphal Heng","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2032312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2032312","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Southeast Asian archaeological research often emphasizes upland-lowland dynamics in the development of premodern complex societies. This paper tracks upland-lowland dynamics in Pre-Angkorian (6th-8th century CE) Cambodia by focusing on land-use and economy along the Mekong River. Proto-urban settlements emerged throughout the Tonle Sap and Mekong Delta alluvial plains but also appeared at key centers such as Thala Borivat, Sambor, and Wat Phu along the Mekong River’s more narrow corridors. The diversified economy that involved movement of forest resources and food between these tropical upland-lowland ecotones, observed during the colonial period, emerged by the 6th-7th centuries CE and coincided with political consolidations during the Pre-Angkor period. Analysis of this region suggests that non-Khmer (ethnic minority) swidden agricultural groups who now dominate the uplands have premodern roots in the region. Using upland-lowland settings to study tropical habitation, this archaeological study offers a risk-reduction exchange-based model for understanding Cambodia’s premodern Mekong organization.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"643 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45792309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing environmental diversity in the eastern foothills of the Andes: pre-Columbian agrarian landscapes in the El Alto-Ancasti mountain range","authors":"Verónica Zuccarelli Freire, P. Roberts, Ana S. Meléndez, M. Tromp, Marcos. N. Quesada","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1997639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1997639","url":null,"abstract":"ABTRACT In this paper we review the growing evidence of anthropogenic landscapespresent in the semi-deciduous neotropical forest biomes of eastern NW Argentina,which have remained relatively neglected in favour of arid to semi-arid western Andean regions. The evidence gathered in de El Alto-Ancasti provides animportant case study where multidisciplinary methodologies have beenapplied to sites that document the emergence and variability in food productionstrategies across the eastern Andean forests and grasslands of NWArgentina. We discuss evidence offarming structures from archaeological surveys, plant management from phy-tolith analysis, and the tempo and nature of settlement from archaeological excavations undertaken at a variety of sites in the El Alto Ancasti mountainrange. We suggest that the communities that inhabited this region during thefirst millennium AD (ca. 1500–1000 BP) established a strategy of ‘overlappingpatchworks’ of food production that were able to contend with considerableseasonal variability. We argue that, through the use of cross-channelling, low river areas, erosion control techniques and the establishment of mesothermal crops,including maize, legumes, and tubers, throughout the region, these societies adopted flexible strategies to adapt to life in a region prone to climatic change","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"615 - 642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41587088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harvesting the winds, harvesting the rain: an introduction to the issue on Inhabiting tropical worlds","authors":"Yijie Zhuang, P. Lane","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.2062885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.2062885","url":null,"abstract":"The tropics occupy one third of the earth’s landmass and are home to more than 40% of the global population. They were destinations of many voyages that changed modern human history and the location of many of the greatest scientific discoveries and observations that have profoundly shaped the direction and advancement of scientific research (e.g. Charles Darwin’s Galapagos experiences). They continue to stimulate great public interest – Sir David Attenborough’s popular tropical television documentaries are a great manifestation of this – and research on the tropics continues to shift the boundaries of our scientific quest into the planet’s natural history. The latter includes recent scientific recognition of the importance of carbon storage and sequestration in Africa’s tropical forests and wetlands and how these processes might contribute to further our understanding of global carbon cycles and ecological changes (Lewis et al. 2009). Despite these great scientific achievements, the tropics remain largely remote and often exotic imaginaries in mainstream academic discourse and our understanding of the deep histories of tropical inhabitation and human adaptation is particularly sparse (Mercader 2003), compared to that of the global temperate zones. The gaps in our knowledge of tropical human pasts have also commonly led to the isolation of tropical societies from consideration in broader syntheses, with the lowland American tropics being perhaps best served (e.g. Clasby and Nesbitt 2021; Lippi 2004; Stahl 1995). Although some recent archaeological discoveries have brought the tropics into the spotlight in efforts to establish an inclusive global history (e.g. Bulliet et al. 2014), the archaeology of the tropics is still under-represented despite the recent attempts to highlight the importance of tropical rainforests to understanding both the ‘deep history’ of our species (Scerri et al. 2022) and ‘the Anthropocene’ (Roberts, Hamilton, and Piperno 2021). In academic debates on the fundamental archaeological questions such as the origins of modern humans, agriculture and early states, the voice of tropical archaeology remains limited. One of the technical challenges in the archaeology of tropical inhabitation, as acknowledged by many researchers, is the generally poor preservation of not only palaeoecological evidence but also perishable architectural remains of past lives due to the common (although by no means universal) acid soil conditions and other taphonomic issues (but note also that earthen and stone architecture can be well preserved in some tropical settings). Although the growing application of scientific techniques has started to overturn the wholly negative pictures of what the tropics can offer us to disentangle their complicated histories, the macroscopic perspectives and microscopic observations that are increasingly adopted by scholars remain to be robustly integrated to create more holistic reconstructions of how ancient population","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"563 - 578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44174544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islands of fertility: a multispecies ethnography of human-termite interactions and their implications for human ecology and the archaeology of gender in the tropics","authors":"J. Farr","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1997637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1997637","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using multidisciplinary literature, this paper takes a multispecies approach to human-termite interactions across the tropics to demonstrate how termites exploit ecological effects of human behaviours and in turn provide humans with significant ecosystem services. These provisions are deeply entangled within cultural practices and ideologies. Conceptualisations of human and landscape fertility, and the role of termites in facilitating life, create gendered interactions that are manifested in ecological knowledge and praxis relating to termites and termite mounds. The strong association between termites and farmers in particular, may offer insights into past human settlement patterns and their relationships with ecosystems. This paper proposes the use of geomorphology, thin-section ceramic petrography, and stable isotope analysis to investigate these relationships across the tropics. A multispecies approach creates new possibilities for a diachronic understanding of human ecology and raises important questions for the Anthropocene and the future of farming in the tropics.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"667 - 687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let’s catch octopus for dinner: ancient inventions of octopus lures in the Mariana Islands of the remote tropical pacific","authors":"M. Carson, H. Hung","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1930134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1930134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When people first lived in remote tropical seashores, they developed novel adaptations for living in these extreme environments, including the use of a specialized octopus lure device. The evidence for this fishing tradition now can be traced back as early as 1500–1100 BC in the Mariana Islands of Western Micronesia. New research has examined the artefacts of these compound lure devices, especially concerning the cut and drilled dorsum pieces of cowrie (Cypraea spp.) shells. Without this archaeological evidence, octopuses would have been undetected in the ancient deposits, and therefore a significant portion of past diet, innovative technology, and traditional practice would have been hidden from modern knowledge. The findings portray a broader and more realistic scene of ancient coastal communities, with implications beyond the confines of the specific island societies of the Pacific.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"599 - 614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00438243.2021.1930134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49034851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A confluence of communities: households and land use at the junction of the Upper Usumacinta and Lacantún Rivers, Chiapas, Mexico","authors":"Whittaker Schroder, T. Murtha, E. Broadbent, A. A. Almeyda Zambrano","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1930135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1930135","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Constructed landscapes are composed of diverse communities, representing different social strata and perspectives of a place. In turn, the risks associated with inhabiting unpredictable environments are disproportionately felt across urban and rural landscapes. The mitigation and management of risks often fall on farming and smallholder communities, influencing decentralized strategies. These themes are explored in an archaeological context surrounding the confluence of the Upper Usumacinta and Lacantún Rivers in the neotropical Maya lowlands of Chiapas, Mexico. LiDAR data collected recently with the GatorEye unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV) and NASA’s GLiHT system have aided in the mapping of the archaeological urban centre of Benemérito de las Américas, Primera Sección and the surrounding landscape. These data have revealed coupled settlement with land management, in the form of wetland fields, reservoirs, and riverways, emphasizing the interconnectivity of household practice and land use in the region.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"688 - 715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00438243.2021.1930135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45828495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternatives to colonization and marginal identities in New Kingdom colonial Nubia (1550–1070 BCE)","authors":"Rennan Lemos, Julia Budka","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1999853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1999853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Material culture worked as an essential supporting pillar of the ancient Egyptian colonization of Nubia. During the New Kingdom colonial period (1550–1070 BCE), the material culture of various colonial sites in Nubia consisted of a majority of Egyptian-style objects (including both imported and locally produced objects). Egyptian-style objects materialized foreign presence in local contexts and allowed communities to negotiate identities and positions in a colonial situation. However, far from homogenizing local realities, foreign objects performed different roles in local contexts. This sheds light on the social dimensions of culture contacts in colonial situations and allows us to identify how the local adoption and uses of foreign objects in local contexts produces marginality in the colony.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"401 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49086463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The archaeology of a marginal neighborhood in Tehran, Iran: garbage, class, and identity","authors":"Leila Papoli-Yazdi","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2036634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2036634","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tehran’s Archaeology of Garbage project was conducted in 2017–2018 and with the initial aim of monitoring the impacts of currency devaluation on poor people. In Districts 7 and 17, the team investigated two of the most decayed urban fabrics of Tehran as well as the garbage bags of 1004 poor marginalized families. Among these, we managed to find evidence of a forgotten social group, the ‘impoverished middle class’ which consisted of people from the middle-class background who had to move to a neighborhood occupied by low-income classes. The garbage-making behaviors of these two communities were tracked and led to a better understanding of demographic changes and recent protests. In this article, I will present the evidence of poverty in District 17 and will open a new debate on the poor middle-class emerging community and its influence on the new identity of the people living in District 17.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"547 - 562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46434066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counter-infrastructure in the US–Mexico borderlands: some archaeological perspectives","authors":"Haeden E. Stewart, Cameron D. Gokee, J. De León","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2021.1999854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2021.1999854","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Massive infrastructures of transportation and border security, designed to control flows of people and things, dominate the contemporary US–Mexico border. Together, these material projects work to inscribe the hegemonic processes of neoliberal capitalism and national sovereignty onto the physical landscape and into everyday life, giving them an aura of inevitability and permanence. Using archaeology, we challenge this narrative by exploring the counter-infrastructures developed by marginal communities in the US–Mexico borderlands – including miners, hippies, and migrants – to navigate and/or resist these projects. Specifically, we compare the shifting fields of in/visibility created by infrastructure and counter-infrastructure from the 1880s to the present to emphasize that bordering projects are neither inevitable nor permanent.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"53 1","pages":"469 - 485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44999791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}