Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for depression in women with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Stephania Wieland, Sarah Melton, Anastasios Bastounis, Tim Carter","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000092","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465824000092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a common co-morbidity in women with breast cancer. Previous systematic reviews investigating cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression in this population based their conclusions on findings from studies with varying and often limited specificity, quality and/or quantity of CBT within their interventions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of a specific, well-evidenced CBT protocol for depression in women with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Online databases were systematically searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing CBT (aligned to Beck's protocol) as a treatment for depression in women with breast cancer. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently undertaken by two study authors. Both narrative synthesis and meta-analysis were used to analyse the data. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to compare CBT with non-active/active controls of depression using validated, self-report measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs were included in the narrative synthesis, and five in the meta-analysis (<i>n</i> = 531 participants). Overall, CBT demonstrated an improvement in depression scores in the CBT condition versus active and non-active controls at post-intervention (SMD = -0.93 [95% CI -1.47, -0.40]). Narratively, five out of six RCTs reported statistically significant improvements in depression symptoms for CBT over control conditions for women with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBT aligned to Beck's protocol for depression appears effective for treating depression in women with breast cancer. However, further research is needed for women with stage IV breast cancer. The clinical recommendation is that therapists utilise Beck's CBT protocol for depression, whilst considering the complex presentation and adapt their practice accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"394-413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocebo Hypothesis Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (NH-CBT) for non-epileptic seizures: a consecutive case series.","authors":"Matt Richardson, Michael Cathro, Maria Kleinstäuber","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000565","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research has demonstrated that implementation of Nocebo Hypothesis Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (NH-CBT) achieved full symptom remission in 93% of people with Functional Neurological Symptoms Disorder (FNSD), most of them exhibiting motor symptoms. The basis for NH-CBT is consistent with a predictive coding aetiological model of FNSD. This idea is transparently shared with people with FNSD in the form of telling them that their symptoms are caused by a nocebo effect, usually followed by some physical activity that aims to change the person's belief about their body.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To demonstrate that a version of NH-CBT can also be effective in eliminating or reducing non-epileptic seizures (assumed to be a sub-type of FNSD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A consecutive case series design was employed. Participants were treated with NH-CBT over a 12-week period. The primary outcome measure was seizure frequency. Numerous secondary measures were employed, as well as a brief qualitative interview to explore participants' subjective experience of treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven out of the 10 participants became seizure free at least 2 weeks before their post-treatment assessment, and all stayed seizure-free for at least 5 months. Six of those seven remained seizure free at 6-month follow-up. There were large positive effect sizes for the majority of secondary measures assessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case series provides evidence of feasibility and likely utility of NH-CBT in reducing the frequency of non-epileptic seizures.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"356-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Who will I become?': possible selves and depression symptoms in adolescents - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Emily Hards, Ting-Chen Hsu, Gauri Joshi, Judi Ellis, Shirley Reynolds","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000158","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465824000158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"461-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and predictors of group cognitive behaviour therapy outcome for generalised anxiety disorder in an out-patient hospital setting.","authors":"B L Malivoire, K E Stewart, D Cameron, K Rowa, R E McCabe","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000632","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an empirically supported treatment for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Little is known about the effectiveness of CBT for GAD in real-world treatment settings.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the effectiveness of group CBT and predictors of treatment response in an out-patient hospital clinic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> = 386) with GAD participated in 12 sessions of group CBT at an out-patient clinic. Of those who provided at least partial data (<i>n</i> = 326), 84.5% completed treatment. Most questionnaires were completed at pre- and post-treatment; worry severity was assessed weekly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group CBT led to improvements in chronic worry (<i>d =</i> -0.91, <i>n =</i> 118), depressive symptoms (<i>d =</i> -1.22, <i>n</i> = 172), GAD symptom severity (<i>d</i> = -0.65, <i>n</i> = 171), intolerance of uncertainty (IU; <i>d =</i> -0.46, <i>n =</i> 174) and level of functional impairment (<i>d =</i> -0.35, <i>n =</i> 169). Greater pre-treatment GAD symptom severity (<i>d</i> = -0.17, <i>n</i> = 293), chronic worry (<i>d</i> = -0.20, <i>n</i> = 185), functional impairment (<i>d</i> = -0.12, <i>n</i> = 292), and number of comorbid diagnoses (<i>d</i> = -0.13, <i>n =</i> 299) predicted greater improvement in past week worry over treatment. Biological sex, age, depression symptom severity, number of treatment sessions attended, and IU did not predict change in past week worry over time.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings provide support for the effectiveness of group CBT for GAD and suggest the outcomes are robust and are either not impacted or are slightly positively impacted by several demographic and clinical factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"440-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139643138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiolytic impact of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in patients with co-morbid insomnia and generalized anxiety disorder.","authors":"Parky Lau, Elisha Starick, Colleen E Carney","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000656","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is an effective treatment for chronic insomnia that also improves non-sleep symptoms, such as mood and anxiety. Identifying sleep-specific variables that predict anxiety change after CBT-I treatment may support alternative strategies when people with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) do not improve from standard GAD treatment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate CBT-I on changes in anxiety and evaluate whether changes in sleep-specific variables predict anxiety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-two participants presenting with insomnia and GAD (GAD-I) completed four sessions of CBT-I. Participants completed daily diaries and self-report measures at baseline and post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBT-I in a co-morbid GAD-I sample was associated with medium reductions in anxiety, and large reductions in insomnia severity. Subjective insomnia severity and tendencies to ruminate in response to fatigue predicted post-treatment anxiety change, in addition to younger age and lower baseline anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that younger GAD-I participants with moderate anxiety symptoms may benefit most from the anxiety-relieving impact of CBT-I. Reducing perceived insomnia severity and the tendency to ruminate in response to fatigue may support reductions in anxiety in those with GAD-I.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"456-460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Who will I become?': possible selves and depression symptoms in adolescents.","authors":"Emily Hards, Ting-Chen Hsu, Gauri Joshi, Judi Ellis, Shirley Reynolds","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000619","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is an important period for the development of the possible self. It is also a time when depression is prevalent. The cognitive theory of depression proposes that a negative view of the future is a key feature of depression. Targeting these negative thoughts about the future during cognitive behavioural therapy may be helpful in depression. However, little is known about how adolescents envisage their future (i.e. possible) self, or if the content is associated with affect. The aim of this quantitative study is to describe how adolescents describe their 'possible self' and examine the relationship between the valence of the possible self and depression in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adolescents (<i>n</i> = 584) aged 13-18 years were recruited via opportunity sampling via their schools and completed measures of depression symptoms (the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) and the 'possible self' (a variant of the 'I Will Be' task). Possible selves were coded for content and valence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite depression severity, the most common possible selves generated by adolescents were positive and described interpersonal roles. The valence of the possible self was associated with depression severity but only accounted for 3.4% of the variance in severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support the cognitive model of depression. However, adolescents with elevated symptoms of depression were able to generate positive, possible selves and therefore may remain somewhat 'hopeful' about their future despite clinically significant depression symptoms. Future-oriented treatment approaches such as cognitive behavioural therapy that focus on changing unhelpful negative future thinking may not be appropriate for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"414-425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating taboo thoughts on a psychiatric intensive care unit: a four-phase mixed methods single case experimental design","authors":"Stephen Kellett, Chris Gaskell, Andy Keslake, Mike Seneviratne, Melanie Simmonds-Buckley","doi":"10.1017/s1352465824000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1352465824000146","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Well-designed evaluations of psychological interventions on psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) are a rarity. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy for intrusive taboo thoughts with a patient diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder admitted to a PICU due to significant ongoing risk of harm to self. Method: This was a four-phase ABC plus community follow-up (D) mixed methods <jats:italic>n</jats:italic>=1 single case experimental design. Four idiographic measures were collected daily across four phases; the baseline (A) was during PICU admission, the first treatment phase (B) was behavioural on the PICU, the second treatment phase (C) was cognitive on an acute ward and the follow-up phase (D) was conducted in the community. Four nomothetic measures were taken on admission, on discharge from the PICU, discharge from the acute ward and then at 4-week follow-up. The participant was also interviewed at follow-up using the Change Interview. Results: Compared with baseline, the behavioural and the cognitive interventions appeared effective in terms of improving calmness, optimism and rumination, but the effects on sociability were poor. There was evidence across idiographic and nomothetic outcomes of a relapse during the follow-up phase in the community. Eleven idiographic changes were reported in the interview and these tended to be unexpected, related to the therapy and personally important. Discussion: Single case methods can be responsive to tracking the progress of patients moving through in-patient pathways and differing modules of evidence-based interventions. There is a real need to implement robust outcome methodologies on PICUs to better evaluate the psychological aspects of care in this context.","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated VR therapy for improving positive self-beliefs and psychological well-being in young patients with psychosis: a proof of concept evaluation of Phoenix VR self-confidence therapy.","authors":"Daniel Freeman, Jason Freeman, Memoona Ahmed, Phoebe Haynes, Helen Beckwith, Aitor Rovira, Andre Lages Miguel, Rupert Ward, Matthew Bousfield, Ludovic Riffiod, Thomas Kabir, Felicity Waite, Laina Rosebrock","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000553","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low self-confidence in patients with psychosis is common. This can lead to higher symptom severity, withdrawal from activities, and low psychological well-being. There are effective psychological techniques to improve positive self-beliefs but these are seldom provided in psychosis services. With young people with lived experience of psychosis we developed a scalable automated VR therapy to enhance positive-self beliefs.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim was to conduct a proof of concept clinical test of whether the new VR self-confidence therapy (Phoenix) may increase positive self-beliefs and psychological well-being.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve young patients with non-affective psychosis and with low levels of positive self-beliefs participated. Over 6 weeks, patients were provided with a stand-alone VR headset so that they could use Phoenix at home and were offered weekly psychologist meetings. The outcome measures were the Oxford Positive Self Scale (OxPos), Brief Core Schema Scale, and Warwick-Edinburgh Well-being Scale (WEMWBS). Satisfaction, adverse events and side-effects were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven patients provided outcome data. There were very large end-of-treatment improvements in positive self-beliefs (OxPos mean difference = 32.3; 95% CI: 17.3, 47.3; Cohen's <i>d</i>=3.0) and psychological well-being (WEMWBS mean difference = 11.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 14.3; Cohen's <i>d</i>=1.5). Patients rated the quality of the VR therapy as: excellent (<i>n</i>=9), good (<i>n</i>=2), fair (<i>n</i>=0), poor (<i>n</i>=0). An average of 5.3 (<i>SD</i>=1.4) appointments were attended.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Uptake of the VR intervention was high, satisfaction was high, and side-effects extremely few. There were promising indications of large improvements in positive self-beliefs and psychological well-being. A randomized controlled clinical evaluation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"277-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtually delivered guided self-help for binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa: findings from a service evaluation.","authors":"Bethan Dalton, Molly R Davies, Michaela Flynn, Chloe Hutchings-Hay, Rachel Potterton, Eleanor Breen O'Byrne, Charmaine Kilonzo, Stefano R Belli, Lucy Gallop, Gemma Gordon, Johanna Keeler, Imelda Minnock, Matthew Phillips, Lauren Robinson, Emma Snashall, Cindy Toloza, Luiza Walo, Jason Cole, Ulrike Schmidt","doi":"10.1017/S1352465823000607","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465823000607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Timely intervention is beneficial to the effectiveness of eating disorder (ED) treatment, but limited capacity within ED services means that these disorders are often not treated with sufficient speed. This service evaluation extends previous research into guided self-help (GSH) for adults with bulimic spectrum EDs by assessing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of virtually delivered GSH using videoconferencing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients with bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED) and other specified feeding and eating disorders (OSFED) waiting for treatment in a large specialist adult ED out-patient service were offered virtually delivered GSH. The programme used an evidence-based cognitive behavioural self-help book. Individuals were supported by non-expert coaches, who delivered the eight-session programme via videoconferencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and thirty patients were allocated to a GSH coach between 1 September 2020 and 30 September 2022; 106 (82%) started treatment and 78 (60%) completed treatment. Amongst completers, there were large reductions in ED behaviours and attitudinal symptoms, measured by the ED-15. The largest effect sizes for change between pre- and post-treatment were seen for binge eating episode frequency (<i>d</i> = -0.89) and concerns around eating (<i>d</i> = -1.72). Patients from minoritised ethnic groups were over-represented in the non-completer group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Virtually delivered GSH is feasible, acceptable and effective in reducing ED symptoms amongst those with bulimic spectrum disorders. Implementing virtually delivered GSH reduced waiting times, offering a potential solution for long waiting times for ED treatment. Further research is needed to compare GSH to other brief therapies and investigate barriers for patients from culturally diverse groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"211-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daydreaming and grandiose delusions: development of the Qualities of Daydreaming Scale.","authors":"Louise Isham, Bao Sheng Loe, Alice Hicks, Natalie Wilson, Richard P Bentall, Daniel Freeman","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000018","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465824000018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Daydreaming may contribute to the maintenance of grandiose delusions. Repeated, pleasant and vivid daydreams about the content of grandiose delusions may keep the ideas in mind, elaborate the details, and increase the degree of conviction in the delusion. Pleasant daydreams more generally could contribute to elevated mood, which may influence the delusion content.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We sought to develop a brief questionnaire, suitable for research and clinical practice, to assess daydreaming and test potential associations with grandiosity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>798 patients with psychosis (375 with grandiose delusions) and 4518 non-clinical adults (1788 with high grandiosity) were recruited. Participants completed a daydreaming item pool and measures of grandiosity, time spent thinking about the grandiose belief, and grandiose belief conviction. Factor analysis was used to derive the Qualities of Daydreaming Scale (QuOD) and associations were tested using pairwise correlations and structural equation modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire had three factors: realism, pleasantness, and frequency of daydreams. The measure was invariant across clinical and non-clinical groups. Internal consistency was good (alpha-ordinals: realism=0.86, pleasantness=0.93, frequency=0.82) as was test-retest reliability (intra-class coefficient=0.75). Daydreaming scores were higher in patients with grandiose delusions than in patients without grandiose delusions or in the non-clinical group. Daydreaming was significantly associated with grandiosity, time spent thinking about the grandiose delusion, and grandiose delusion conviction, explaining 19.1, 7.7 and 5.2% of the variance in the clinical group data, respectively. Similar associations were found in the non-clinical group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The process of daydreaming may be one target in psychological interventions for grandiose delusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"262-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}