Poetics最新文献_第10页

The sympathetic leviathan: Modern states’ cultural responses to disasters 同情的庞然大物：现代国家对灾难的文化反应

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101564

Bin Xu , John A. Bernau

{"title":"The sympathetic leviathan: Modern states’ cultural responses to disasters","authors":"Bin Xu , John A. Bernau","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sociology of disaster has paid scant attention to states’ cultural response—states’ effort to use meaningful narratives and symbolic actions to address issues about citizens’ suffering and death to enhance their legitimacy and secure citizens’ support. Our paper starts to address this gap by asking: How do states culturally respond to massive disasters? How effective are their responses? What can explain the efficacy of their cultural responses? We propose a perspective based on the cultural sociology of the state and cultural theories of trauma, theodicy, and performance. We illustrate this perspective in a comparative study of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China and the 2005 Hurricane Katrina in the United States. We argue that the efficacy of their cultural responses depended on whether and how effectively they addressed the key components of the meaning structure of disasters through compassionate reaction to citizens’ suffering and death, convincing accounts of states’ accountability, and cogent narratives about the long-term consequences of disasters on citizens. Both states struggled to address these issues at various points in their respective disasters, and their cultural responses were shaped by their political structures. The findings also speak to an enduring debate over whether democratic or authoritarian regimes perform better in disaster responses. We eschew the exclusive focus of the debate on administrative responses and its simplistic correlation between regime type and responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46788507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Climate change as an event 气候变化是一个事件

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101600

Iddo Tavory , Robin Wagner-Pacifici

{"title":"Climate change as an event","authors":"Iddo Tavory , Robin Wagner-Pacifici","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>What kind of event is climate change? Theories of events inevitably begin with rupture. An event depends on the experience that the ground has dramatically shifted. Yet the ambiguity of rupture in climate change—which cannot be experienced in any one instance—makes climate change more difficult to emplot. Moreover, it is an event defined as much by how actors see the future unfolding as by its present or past. Tying the theory of events with that of future-making, we focus on three important forms of eventfulness that we find in the current climate change debate: scientific modes of eventfulness, the radical eventfulness of groups such as Extinction Rebellion, and what we call the “sensible” eventfulness of European Union and United Nations functionaries, as it is gleaned from climate change documents such as the European Green Deal. As we show, each form of eventfulness constructs a different temporal landscape, populated by different actors and actions, entailing different stances towards the future and different kinds of projects. Focusing on the tensions within each form, we then show that understanding these forms of eventfulness can also help us understand how different actors fused climate change to other events, such as that of the global Covid-19 epidemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44788760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Transcultural taste and neoliberal patriotic subject: A study of Chinese fans’ online talk of K-pop 跨文化品味与新自由主义爱国主题:中国粉丝网络韩流言论研究

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101665

Yuan Gong

{"title":"Transcultural taste and neoliberal patriotic subject: A study of Chinese fans’ online talk of K-pop","authors":"Yuan Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Why are some educated youths continuously fascinated with K-pop despite the increasing anti-Korean sentiment in China? In this study, I explore this puzzle to address the relationship between fans’ contextualized subjectivities and their choice of cross-border fan object. Bridging transcultural fan studies with the sociology of taste, I draw upon the concepts of cultural homology and cultural distinction to conduct a thematic analysis of the taste discourses emerging in the K-pop groups on Douban (</span><span>www.douban.com</span><svg><path></path></svg><span><span>). The findings show how this transcultural taste arises from the symbolic fit between the polysemic K-pop text and Chinese followers’ neoliberal aesthetics of idol cultures that value idols’ professional self-development and fans’ consumerist autonomy. These aesthetics are reiterated in K-pop followers’ attempt to reconcile their taste and national loyalty in strategic patriotic performances that negotiate between the official and popular nationalisms in China. The online talk of K-pop is also a process of distinction through which those fans confirm their shared subjectivity by critiquing the domestic mass culture and distinguishing themselves from the </span>nationalist C-pop consumers. Chinese fans’ taste for K-pop, as I conclude, symbolically articulates these educated youths’ condition as neoliberal patriotic subjects in China's transitions to authoritarian capitalism.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47368309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Socioeconomic or marital status? Factors driving digital inequality among single and married mothers – findings of a repeated cross-sectional study, 2014–2019 社会经济或婚姻状况?导致单身母亲和已婚母亲数字不平等的因素——2014-2019年一项反复横断面研究的结果

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101666

Sabina Lissitsa , Svetlana Chachashvili-Bolotin

{"title":"Socioeconomic or marital status? Factors driving digital inequality among single and married mothers – findings of a repeated cross-sectional study, 2014–2019","authors":"Sabina Lissitsa , Svetlana Chachashvili-Bolotin","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using data from large scale Annual Social Surveys of the CBS in Israel, the current research focused on patterns of digital inequality among Israeli mothers between 2014 and 2019. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate digital inequality among mothers based on their marital status when controlling for their socioeconomic status (SES) and to clarify whether the patterns of digital inequality are stable or changeable over time. Among both single and married mothers the highest adoption rates were found for seeking information and social media, while internet use for study and e-government services were the lowest. Digital inequality among mothers is best explained by social class, rather than by the difficulties and restrictions of single motherhood. Both groups of mothers were consistent in their pace of digital use adoption over time, so if effective intervention strategies are not introduced, between-group gaps will continue to exist. Policymakers' implementation of our specific recommendations may produce beneficial effects for the promotion of Internet use among single mothers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44481957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Living up to a bohemian work ethic. Balancing autonomy and risk in the symbolic economy of the performing arts 不辜负波西米亚人的职业道德。在表演艺术的象征经济中平衡自主性和风险

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101683

Annelies Van Assche, Rudi Laermans

{"title":"Living up to a bohemian work ethic. Balancing autonomy and risk in the symbolic economy of the performing arts","authors":"Annelies Van Assche, Rudi Laermans","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Empirical studies generally report that aspiring a career in the performing arts is risky business. Within the contemporary European context of neoliberal capitalism, the particular workforce is inclined to occupy a precarious socio-economic position. We aim to contribute to this body of research by discussing how risk and precarity in the artworld are macro- and meso-governed by existing structures and micro-managed by agents. Our data stem from empirical research conducted among members of the contemporary dance population in Brussels and Berlin. We focus for the most part on qualitative findings from longitudinal ethnographic fieldwork to discuss how the informants live up to a <em>bohemian work ethic</em> that is framed by a more general symbolic economy. In this paper, we argue that within the longstanding sociological agency-structure debate, the outlined bohemian work ethic ties in with the concept of an <em>autonomous heteronomy</em>. Furthermore, despite the relatively different socio-economic macro structures in both locales, we come to conclude that the very similar symbolic economy seems to have a much greater impact on artistic and economic risk taking than the specific social security policy and welfare approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42742324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How narratives of disaster impact survivors’ emotionality: The case of Typhoon Morakot 灾难的叙述如何影响幸存者的情感:莫拉克台风的案例

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101579

Ming-Cheng M. Lo , Yun Fan

{"title":"How narratives of disaster impact survivors’ emotionality: The case of Typhoon Morakot","authors":"Ming-Cheng M. Lo , Yun Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Through a case study of Typhoon Morakot, which landed in Taiwan in 2008 and caused massive destruction to many aboriginal communities, this paper explores how narratives of disaster impact individual survivors’ emotionality and reflexivity. We draw on 45 in-depth interviews and engage the literatures on cultural trauma, emotion work, and reflexivity. We find that in framing their experiences, most survivors drew upon narratives of government incompetence or ethnic-environmental injustice, which circulated respectively in Taiwan's mainstream media and a counter-hegemonic public. To a lesser extent, some survivors hybridized these two frames while a few others followed the government's official narrative that the government did nothing wrong. Our analysis highlights a sharp contrast: the injustice frame prompted survivors to express ethnic pride, assert righteous anger, and display an eloquent reflexivity, whereas the other three frames prompted survivors to express their frustrations as grief rather than anger, and oftentimes engage in the emotion work of gratitude-display and self-censorship and ultimately develop a silenced or split reflexivity. This study advances the cultural sociology of disasters by conceptualizing how disaster narratives shape the emotional aspects of post-disaster recovery. Furthermore, we highlight how covert silences in ahistorical disaster narratives can be detrimental to all in an age of environmental crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45901832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The psychology of distinction: How cultural tastes shape perceptions of class and competence in the U.S.✰ 区别心理学:文化品味如何塑造美国人对阶级和能力的看法

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101669

Kyla Thomas

引用次数: 4

Putting out fires: The varying temporalities of disasters 灭火:灾难的不同时间

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101613

Maricarmen Hernández

{"title":"Putting out fires: The varying temporalities of disasters","authors":"Maricarmen Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How does a community with a history punctuated by responding to disasters understand the slow risk posed by industrial toxic exposure? Drawing on 13 months of ethnographic fieldwork in a contaminated informal settlement in Esmeraldas, Ecuador, I explore the neighbors’ understanding of toxicity as mediated by previous experience with disaster and displacement. Esmeraldas is home to the largest refinery in Ecuador. Located only meters away from smoke stacks and other industrial structures, <em>50 Casas</em> is one of the neighborhoods in closest proximity to the petrochemical complex. Since their arrival in the area, residents of the neighborhood have faced a variety of disasters ranging from earthquakes and intermittent floods to industrial accidents. I present a case in which the conjunction of temporally distinct risks has shaped the community's protective strategies to focus on the urgency of impending disasters, while deprioritizing the mitigation of slower contaminants. Drawing on the concept of slow violence, I show, first, that a conjunction of threats with varying temporalities may have the unintended consequence of minimizing the danger of slower threats, second, that risk perceptions are intimately tied to personal experience and history, and third, that residents mobilize their identity as “contaminated citizens” to demand infrastructural works aimed at minimizing the danger of sudden disasters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304422X21001091/pdfft?md5=b4c355034b64fef71220684376206a44&pid=1-s2.0-S0304422X21001091-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43412405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The imaginary and epistemology of disaster preparedness: The case of Japan's nuclear safety failure 灾难准备的想象与认识论:以日本核安全事故为例

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101594

Hiro Saito

{"title":"The imaginary and epistemology of disaster preparedness: The case of Japan's nuclear safety failure","authors":"Hiro Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2021.101594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Fukushima nuclear disaster was profoundly a man-made one, resulting from the organizational failure of nuclear emergency preparedness. To fully understand the cause of this disaster, I propose to extend an organizational perspective on disasters into a macro-institutional perspective on disaster preparedness. To this end, I borrow from science and technology studies the concepts of \"sociotechnical imaginary\" and \"civic epistemology\" to probe the deepest layers of meaning-making constitutive of disaster preparedness. I then apply these concepts to the history of nuclear energy in postwar Japan that was centered on the developmental state pursuing industrial transformation. Specifically, I illustrate how the \"pacifist imaginary\" emphasized positive contributions of \"the peaceful use of nuclear energy,\" legitimating a priori the promotion of nuclear power as a means of economic development; and how the \"technocratic epistemology\" invoked the superior competencies of state bureaucrats and expert advisers, legitimating post hoc their disregard for the possibility of a severe accident. The imaginary and epistemology thus enabled the developmental state to pursue pro-nuclear policy by securing acquiescence from the majority of citizens and discrediting the minority of antinuclear activists – until the earthquake and tsunami exposed the preparedness failure in March 2011.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304422X2100084X/pdfft?md5=531cec4e4cd8ddb48da62b0be69640a5&pid=1-s2.0-S0304422X2100084X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48966895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Digital assistants: Inequalities and social context of access, use, and perceptual understanding 数字助理:获取、使用和感性理解的不平等和社会背景

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Poetics Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101689

Yong Jin Park , Hoon Lee , S.M. Jones-Jang , Yu Won Oh

{"title":"Digital assistants: Inequalities and social context of access, use, and perceptual understanding","authors":"Yong Jin Park , Hoon Lee , S.M. Jones-Jang , Yu Won Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on digital divide in the context of access, use, and perceptual understanding of digital assistants. We pay particular attention to inequalities of perceptual outcomes that may be triggered by the first-(access) and second-level (use) divides. We extend this insight to the level of perceptual understanding and investigate how the understanding of various personalized AI-related applications—as manifested via the consumption of functional and informational features of digital assistants—vary depending on access and use. Our analyses of two U.S. national surveys reveal the first and second divides, such that those in higher status (higher income) enjoy higher access and use. Then, we also find related perceptual gaps along the line of socio-demographics, as the pattern was evident for education in interaction with other demographic backgrounds. That is, there were varying degrees of the understanding of algorithmic misjudgment, bias in recommended content, or data surveillance, while users with lower social status tended to easily overlook those risks for their excitement and convenience of AI-enabled devices. We argue that inequalities operate in terms of material (access/use) as well as socio-cultural (perceptual understanding) bases, suggesting how digital opportunities instigated by digital assistants may not be built on levelled grounds and continue to consolidate and reproduce existing inequalities in recursive ways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 101689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49544931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4