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Characterizing changes in the 1-percent annual exceedance probability streamflows for climate-change scenarios in the Housatonic River watershed of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York 描述了气候变化情景下马萨诸塞州、康涅狄格州和纽约州的胡萨托尼克河流域每年超过1%概率的流量变化特征
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235090
Scott A. Olson
{"title":"Characterizing changes in the 1-percent annual exceedance probability streamflows for climate-change scenarios in the Housatonic River watershed of Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York","authors":"Scott A. Olson","doi":"10.3133/sir20235090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235090","url":null,"abstract":"First posted September 29, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, New England Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey10 Bearfoot RoadNorthborough, MA 01532 Current methods for determining the 1-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) for a streamflow assume stationarity (the assumption that the statistical distribution of data from past observations does not contain trends and will continue unchanged in the future). This assumption allows the 1-percent AEP to be determined based on historical streamflow records. However, the assumption of stationarity is challenged by observed trends in streamflow records.In response, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, studied potential changes to the 1-percent AEP streamflows at streamgages in the Housatonic River watershed in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. The study used the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System—a deterministic hydrologic model. Climate inputs to the model of temperature and precipitation were scaled to anticipated changes based on global climate models that could occur in 2030, 2050, and 2100. The model outputs were used to characterize the 1-percent AEP streamflows for 2030, 2050, and 2100 and compare the results to baseline conditions for 1950 to 2015. Results indicated that the 1-percent AEP streamflow for unregulated streams and rivers may increase from the 1950–2015 baseline period by 7.7, 11.7, and 17.3 percent in 2030, 2050, and 2100, respectively, because of climate change.","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135844859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive water-quality trend analysis for selected sites and constituents in the International Souris River Basin, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, and North Dakota, United States, 1970–2020 1970-2020年加拿大萨斯喀彻温省和马尼托巴省以及美国北达科他州国际苏里斯河流域选定地点和组成部分的综合水质趋势分析
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235084
Rochelle A. Nustad, Wyatt S. Tatge
{"title":"Comprehensive water-quality trend analysis for selected sites and constituents in the International Souris River Basin, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, and North Dakota, United States, 1970–2020","authors":"Rochelle A. Nustad, Wyatt S. Tatge","doi":"10.3133/sir20235084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235084","url":null,"abstract":"First posted August 21, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Dakota Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey821 East Interstate Avenue, Bismarck, ND 585031608 Mountain View Road, Rapid City, SD 57702Contact Pubs Warehouse The Souris River Basin is an international basin in southeast Saskatchewan, north-central North Dakota, and southwest Manitoba. Sustained exceedances of water-quality objectives for total phosphorus, sodium, sulfate, total dissolved solids, and total iron have been reported since the late 1990s at the two binational sites on the Souris River (Souris River near Sherwood, North Dakota [U.S. Geological Survey station 05114000] and Souris River near Westhope, N. Dak. [U.S. Geological Survey station 05124000]). To understand conditions at the binational sites, it is important to understand water-quality changes on a basin-wide scale. Because streamflow is highly variable in the basin and changes in streamflow affect water-quality conditions, it is particularly important to use a trend-analysis method that accounts for changes in streamflow. Trends in water-quality concentrations can be affected by human-induced changes on the landscape or natural changes in land-runoff interactions that are driven by climate patterns and reflected by changes in streamflow (commonly referred to as “hydroclimatic variability”). In the primarily agricultural Souris River Basin, human-induced changes that are likely to affect trends are widespread changes in agricultural management such as fertilizer application, tilling practices, and crop types, as well as dam emplacement and artificial drainage. Around 1970, there was a long-term natural (hydroclimatic) change in the basin in which a significant transition from a dry climate state to a wet climate state resulted in higher streamflow in the basin. To assist the International Souris River Board in assessing current water-quality conditions in the Souris River Basin and exceedances of water-quality objectives at the binational sites, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the International Joint Commission, completed a comprehensive analysis for selected ions, nutrients, and trace metals for many sites in the basin that included descriptive water-quality statistics, trend analysis using a trend method that considers interannual hydroclimatic variability, and an assessment of exceedances of the water-quality objectives for the binational sites.Water-quality and streamflow or reservoir inflow or outflow data were compiled for 34 sites (30 stream sites and four reservoir sites) and 23 constituents with established water-quality objectives from 1970 to 2020 in the Souris River Basin and were used for descriptive statistics and water-quality trend analysis. Median total dissolved solids, sulfate, and sodium concentrations were low in the headwaters of the Souris River and some of the highest median concentrations were measured in the upper basin. At main-stem Souris River sites, all ","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136217763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of streamflow and nutrient occurrence in the upper White River Basin, Colorado, 1980–2020 1980-2020年美国科罗拉多州怀特河上游流域水流特征及营养物赋存特征
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20225112
Natalie K. Day
{"title":"Characterization of streamflow and nutrient occurrence in the upper White River Basin, Colorado, 1980–2020","authors":"Natalie K. Day","doi":"10.3133/sir20225112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225112","url":null,"abstract":"First posted March 31, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Colorado Water Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyBox 25046, Mail Stop 415Denver, CO 80225 In 2016, Colorado Parks and Wildlife identified filamentous algae collected from the main stem White River as Cladophora glomerata, a pervasive nuisance aquatic alga. Excessive levels of filamentous algae can compromise aesthetic quality, limit recreational activities, and have negative effects on aquatic life including strong fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels and a reduction in overall biodiversity. To increase understanding of the biology of the upper White River Basin in Colorado, identify potential factors promoting or limiting nuisance algal abundance, and outline information to aid in the understanding and protection of water resources, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the White River and Douglas Creek Conservation Districts and the White River Algae Technical Advisory Group, initiated a study to collect and analyze physical, chemical, and biological information for the upper White River Basin. The report describes long-term changes and spatial variations in streamflow and nutrient concentrations and loads in the upper White River Basin and identifies possible nutrient sources in the basin.Long-term streamflow and nutrient data indicate that conditions in the upper White River Basin have become more favorable to benthic algae over varying timescales. Upward trends in total phosphorus concentrations and loads were found at three sites across the basin from 2000 to 2020. Total phosphorus loads increased around 50 percent, ranging from 18 to 48 pounds per year. Annual estimated concentrations of total phosphorus from 2005 to 2020 were above algal-specific nutrient criteria at the North Fork White River at Buford, Colo., indicating that phosphorus concentrations at this site likely promote algal growth. Discrete concentrations of total phosphorus exceeded algal-specific nutrient criteria on the South Fork and main stem White River during the summer season, though less frequently than samples collected from the North Fork White River. Nitrogen to phosphorus molar ratios collected from July to September indicate movement from colimitation (10–22) to nitrogen limited (less than 13) conditions at the North Fork White River at Buford, Colo. and the South Fork White River at Buford, Colo. starting in 2012. The magnitude of trends in phosphorus loads were generally greater than trends in concentrations across all sites, indicating that the largest changes in concentrations occurred during greater streamflow periods.At White River above Coal Creek, near Meeker, Colo., significant downward trends in streamflow were found in August and September for mean streamflow (15 and 14 percent per decade, respectively) and 7-day minimum streamflows (23 and 22 percent per decade, respectively). Significant downward trends in annual 7-day minimum streamflows of 24 percent pe","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Critical minerals in subduction-related magmatic-hydrothermal systems of the United States 美国与俯冲有关的岩浆-热液系统中的关键矿物
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235082
Peter Vikre, David John, Niki E. Wintzer, Fleetwood Koutz, Frederick Graybeal, Chris Dail, David C. Annis
{"title":"Critical minerals in subduction-related magmatic-hydrothermal systems of the United States","authors":"Peter Vikre, David John, Niki E. Wintzer, Fleetwood Koutz, Frederick Graybeal, Chris Dail, David C. Annis","doi":"10.3133/sir20235082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235082","url":null,"abstract":"First posted October 5, 2023 For additional information, contact: Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyBuilding 19, 350 N. Akron Rd.P.O. Box 158Moffett Field, CA 94035 During the World War and Cold War eras (1910s–1990s), domestic consumption of numerous mineral commodities relied increasingly on imported supplies. Consumption reliance has since expanded to include 50 “critical minerals” (elements and mineral commodities) that are mostly to entirely imported and subject to curtailment by suppliers or supply chain disruption. New domestic supplies of critical minerals are being pursued by mining companies and by several federal departments and agencies. Information on domestic deposits and resources of critical minerals is being compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources Program, which has organized investigations by mineral system, deposit type, and commodity.Production, reserves, resources, and inventories of 21 critical minerals in domestic magmatic-hydrothermal deposits related to subduction-generated magmatism, and in tailings, slag, slimes, and electrolyte from copper concentrators, smelters, and refineries that processed some deposits, are largely restricted to Western States and Alaska. The critical mineral commodities Al, Sb, As, Bi, Co, fluorite, Ga, Ge, In, Mn, Ni, Nb, Pd, Pt, potash, Re, Ta, Te, Sn, W, and V are variably concentrated in porphyry/skarn copper-(molybdenum), skarn-replacement-vein (S-R-V) tungsten, polymetallic sulfide S-R-V intermediate sulfidation (IS), high-sulfidation gold-silver, low-sulfidation gold-silver, and lithocap alunite deposit types. These deposit types occur in porphyry copper-molybdenum-gold, alkalic porphyry, porphyry tin (granite related), and reduced intrusion-related mineral systems.Production, reserves, and resources of Co, Ni, Nb, Pd, Pt, Ta, Sn, and V in subduction-related deposits in Western States are insignificant to small, mostly equivalent to months to a few years of recent annual domestic consumption (2016–2020). Significant inventories, equivalent to 2 or more years of consumption of aluminum, antimony, potash, and tungsten in unmined S-R-V tungsten, polymetallic sulfide S-R-V-IS, and lithocap alunite deposits vary from approximately 2 to 8 years. Several decades of consumption of arsenic, bismuth, fluorite, gallium, germanium, and indium exist in some polymetallic sulfide S-R-V-IS and lithocap alunite deposit types.Based on concentrations of critical minerals in reserves, resources, drill holes, and deposit domains (ore types), and in captive refinery records, the largest domestic inventories of Sb, As, Bi, Re, and Te, and possibly Ga, Ge, In, Sn, and W, are in porphyry copper-molybdenum (Cu-Mo) deposits in Alaska, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona, and in interim products of processing porphyry Cu-Mo deposit ores for recovery of copper and molybdenum. Concentrations of critical minerals in archival specimens and sample collections, although somew","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of surrogate technology to predict real-time metallic-contaminant concentrations and loads in the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, Montana, water years 2019–20 代理技术在蒙大拿州Grant-Kohrs牧场国家历史遗址附近克拉克福克(Clark Fork) 2019-20水年实时金属污染物浓度和负荷预测中的应用
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235021
Christopher A. Ellison, Steven K. Sando, Tom E. Cleasby
{"title":"Application of surrogate technology to predict real-time metallic-contaminant concentrations and loads in the Clark Fork near Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, Montana, water years 2019–20","authors":"Christopher A. Ellison, Steven K. Sando, Tom E. Cleasby","doi":"10.3133/sir20235021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235021","url":null,"abstract":"First posted June 22, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Wyoming-Montana Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey3162 Bozeman AvenueHelena, MT 59601Contact Pubs Warehouse Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site (GRKO) in southwestern Montana commemorates the frontier cattle era and its formative role in shaping the culture and history of the Western United States. The ranch was designated a national historic landmark in 1960 and a unit of the National Park Service (NPS) by Congress in 1972. The GRKO is unique because of its proximity to large-scale extraction, milling, and smelting of gold, silver, copper, and lead ore from the 1860s to the 1980s in the Butte mining district. During this time, mining and milling wastes were discarded in the upper Clark Fork Basin, resulting in the deposition of large amounts of waste materials (tailings) enriched with metallic contaminants (including cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, zinc, and the metalloid trace element arsenic) in soils and in nearby streams and floodplains. Denuded vegetation and fish kills attributed to large concentrations of heavy metals caused the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to designate a 120-mile section of the Clark Fork River (hereafter referred to as the “Clark Fork”), including GRKO, to be included on the National Priority List for Superfund cleanup in 1989. In 2018, with oversight from the Montana Department of Environmental Quality, the NPS began remediation of 2.6 miles of the Clark Fork as it flows through GRKO property.In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with the NPS, conducted a study using time-series data from backscatter signals from fixed-point turbidity and acoustic sensors with the intent to provide a high-resolution monitoring tool to estimate metallic-contaminant concentrations (MCCs) and loads during NPS remediation of the Clark Fork. Two monitoring sites at USGS streamgages on the Clark Fork on either side of GRKO property were instrumented with turbidity and acoustic sensors and surrogate relations were developed among time-series data and MCCs. The application of high-resolution surrogate data was used to infer contaminant source and fate and evaluate MCC values relative to aquatic-life standards. Using high-resolution surrogate data, it was determined that during spring runoff and storm-related runoff events, MCCs peaked at their highest values at streamflows markedly lower and prior to peak streamflow. Because MCCs peaked prior to streamflow peaks, it could be inferred that the source of MCCs originated from channel bed sediments in close spatial proximity to the monitoring site or from nearby streambanks and floodplains. High-resolution surrogate data revealed that copper concentrations in the Clark Fork exceeded chronic aquatic-life standards 90 percent of the time when streamflow exceeded 200 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) and exceeded acute aquatic-life standards 85 percent of the time when streamflow ","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135686185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effects of impoundments on selected flood-frequency and daily mean streamflow characteristics in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina 水库对乔治亚、南卡罗来纳和北卡罗来纳选定的洪水频率和日平均流量特征的影响
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235065
Toby D. Feaster, Jonathan W. Musser
{"title":"Effects of impoundments on selected flood-frequency and daily mean streamflow characteristics in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina","authors":"Toby D. Feaster, Jonathan W. Musser","doi":"10.3133/sir20235065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235065","url":null,"abstract":"First posted August 11, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, South Atlantic Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey1770 Corporate Drive, suite 500Norcross, GA 30093Contact Pubs Warehouse The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has a long history of working cooperatively with the South Carolina Department of Transportation to develop methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods for rural and urban streams that have minimal to no regulation or tidal influence. As part of those previous investigations, flood-frequency estimates also have been generated for selected streamgages on regulated streams. This report assesses the effects of impoundments on flood-frequency characteristics by comparing annual exceedance probability (AEP) streamflows from pre- and post-regulated (before and after impoundment) periods at 18 long-term USGS streamgages, which is defined as a streamgage with 30 or more years of record, in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. For an assessment of how differences in such statistics can be influenced by period of record and hydrologic conditions captured in those records, which could be considered as natural variability, AEP streamflows at an additional 18 long-term USGS streamgages that represent unregulated conditions in those three States were computed and compared for the first and last half of those records.Of the 18 long-term streamgages with pre- and post-regulated periods of record, 17 streamgages had both peak streamflows and daily mean streamflows available. To further assess how impoundments may influence a broader range of streamflow characteristics, The Nature Conservancy’s Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration software was used to compare selected streamflow characteristics generated from daily mean streamflows for pre- and post-regulated periods of record at 16 of those long-term streamgages. For comparison of the natural variability of such streamflow statistics, two periods of record (first half and last half) also were compared at 17 of the 18 long-term streamgages on unregulated streams. The remaining long-term streamgage on an unregulated stream included in this report had only annual peak streamflows and, therefore, was not included in the hydrologic alteration analysis.In a separate USGS investigation completed in 2023, flood-frequency statistics for the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, 0.5-, and 0.2-percent AEP streamflows (also known as the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year recurrence interval streamflows, respectively) were computed for 72 streamgages on regulated streams in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Of those 72 streamgages, 29 streamgages were found to be redundant, which is a situation where the drainage basin of one streamgage is contained inside another (nested) and the two basins are of similar size. For the remaining 43 streamgages, 39 had basins where 75 percent or more of the drainage area was above the Fall Line. Those 39 streamgages were ","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136079653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of surrogate models to estimate pesticide concentrations at six U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Network sites during water years 2013–18 2013-18水年期间六个美国地质调查局国家水质网络站点估算农药浓度的替代模型比较
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20225109
S. Alex. Covert, Aubrey R. Bunch, Charles G. Crawford, Gretchen P. Oelsner
{"title":"Comparison of surrogate models to estimate pesticide concentrations at six U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Network sites during water years 2013–18","authors":"S. Alex. Covert, Aubrey R. Bunch, Charles G. Crawford, Gretchen P. Oelsner","doi":"10.3133/sir20225109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20225109","url":null,"abstract":"First posted January 31, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey5957 Lakeside Blvd.Indianapolis, IN 46278-1996Contact Pubs Warehouse During water years 2013–18, the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Project sampled the National Water Quality Network for Rivers and Streams year-round and reported on 221 pesticides at 72 sites across the United States. Pesticides are difficult to measure, their concentrations often represent discrete snapshots in time, and capturing peak concentrations is expensive. Three types of regression models were developed to estimate concentrations for two selected pesticides at each of six National Water Quality Network for Rivers and Streams sites. The regression models used continuously measured streamflow and water-quality properties (differing combinations of pH, specific conductance, turbidity, and water temperature); discrete water-quality samples analyzed for atrazine, azoxystrobin, bentazon, bromacil, imidacloprid, simazine, and triclopyr; and time as an additional explanatory variable for seasonality.The modeling approaches included (1) a standard regression that included surrogates (differing combinations of pH, specific conductance, turbidity, and water temperature) and periodic functions (sine-cosine) of pesticide application use as predictor variables; (2) the seasonal wave with flow adjustment model that included a seasonal component and flow anomalies but excluded surrogates; and (3) the seasonal wave with flow adjustment model that included a seasonal component, flow anomalies, and surrogates. Models were evaluated using three measures of model performance: generalized coefficient of determination (generalized R2), Akaike’s Information Criteria, and scale (the estimated standard deviation of the tobit regression error term). Because of low observation numbers, results from this study can be considered a pilot effort with the possibility that some models are overfit.In all cases, estimated pesticide concentrations modeled with base SEAWAVE-Q were better than the standard surrogate regression models; all 39 generalized R2 values increased by 3–56 percent (median of 25 percent) when compared to the standard surrogate regression models, and all Akaike’s Information Criteria and scale values decreased. The addition of surrogate variables such as pH, specific conductance, turbidity, and water temperature to the base SEAWAVE-Q model to improve estimates of pesticide concentrations resulted in only modest improvements; generalized R2 values increased by only 0–10 percent (median of 3 percent). In some instances, combinations of the surrogates produced more appreciative improvements in model results, but in those instances, we hypothesize that the surrogates correlated with some unknown measure that directly relates to pesticide transport.","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Implications of water, sediment, and nutrient budgets for the restoration of a shallow, turbid lake in semiarid southeastern Oregon 俄勒冈州东南部半干旱地区一个浅浑浊湖泊恢复的水、沉积物和营养预算的含义
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235098
Cassandra D. Smith, Tamara M. Wood
{"title":"Implications of water, sediment, and nutrient budgets for the restoration of a shallow, turbid lake in semiarid southeastern Oregon","authors":"Cassandra D. Smith, Tamara M. Wood","doi":"10.3133/sir20235098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235098","url":null,"abstract":"First posted September 18, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Oregon Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey601 SW Second Avenue, Suite 1950Portland, Oregon 97204 Malheur Lake is the largest lake in the endorheic Harney Basin in southeastern Oregon. Since the 1990s, Malheur Lake—which averages depths of about 1 meter—has been in a degraded, turbid state lacking submergent and emergent vegetation. The goals of this study were to identify the major sources of sediment and nutrients to Malheur Lake to determine the importance of managing nutrients for lake restoration. Discrete water samples were analyzed for nutrient (total phosphorus, total nitrogen, orthophosphate, nitrate+nitrite, and ammonia) and suspended-sediment concentrations, and additional parameters including chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton biomass were measured in lake samples. Lake area fluctuated from a minimum of 3,300 hectares (ha) to a maximum of 11,300 ha in water years 2019 and 2020. In water year 2019, inflow from the tributaries created a 1,400-hectare area in the lake with low turbidity that persisted for multiple months. Land-use practices and water diversions along the tributaries affected the hydrographs and nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations reaching the lake. As lake area increased, storage of sediment-associated constituents in the water column increased in excess of external loads because of resuspension. In 2019, 69 percent of the increase in suspended-sediment storage in the water column was attributed to internal resuspension and 31 percent was from external loading. Sediment was deposited as lake area decreased, and water-column storage decreased even as positive external loading continued. The internal resuspension, deposition, and external loading of suspended sediment likely is decreasing topographic heterogeneity in the lake. Concentrations of total phosphorus and orthophosphate are substantially higher than in the 1980s, and the lake is eutrophic. Phytoplankton in the lake was light limited in 2019–20, and restoration actions that prioritize vegetation establishment would reduce bioavailable nutrients for phytoplankton while increasing light in the water column.","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135501456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Updates to CE-QUAL-W2 models for select U.S. Army Corps of Engineers reservoirs in the Willamette Valley Project and an inter-reservoir reach of the Middle Fork Willamette River, northwestern Oregon 更新ce - quality - w2模型,用于美国陆军工程兵团在俄勒冈州西北部威拉米特河谷项目和中叉威拉米特河的水库间河段
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235085
Laurel E. Stratton Garvin, Norman L. Buccola, Stewart A. Rounds
{"title":"Updates to CE-QUAL-W2 models for select U.S. Army Corps of Engineers reservoirs in the Willamette Valley Project and an inter-reservoir reach of the Middle Fork Willamette River, northwestern Oregon","authors":"Laurel E. Stratton Garvin, Norman L. Buccola, Stewart A. Rounds","doi":"10.3133/sir20235085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235085","url":null,"abstract":"First posted September 5, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, Oregon Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey601 SW Second Avenue, Suite 1950Portland, Oregon 97204 Mechanistic models capable of simulating hydrodynamics and water temperature in rivers and reservoirs are valuable tools for investigating thermal conditions and their relation to dam operations and streamflow in river basins where upstream water storage and management decisions have an important influence on river reaches with threatened fish populations. In particular, models allow managers to investigate how new, untried operations or hypothetical structures might influence streamflow and temperature conditions downstream. CE-QUAL-W2 is a two-dimensional (laterally averaged) hydrodynamic water-quality model that has previously been used to investigate the downstream effects of dam operations and other anthropogenic influences on stream temperature in the Willamette River Basin in northwestern Oregon, a region with two populations of fish species designated as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. By linking CE-QUAL-W2 river models to models of upstream, large Willamette Valley Project dams and reservoirs, these models can be used to investigate how dam operations at individual dams can influence streamflow and thermal conditions in downstream river reaches as an integrated system. Integrated model simulations that include the large dams and reservoirs linked to downstream river reaches can help managers develop a better understanding of tradeoffs associated with potential retrofits or operational changes across the multipurpose dams in the Willamette Valley Project, the effect of dam management on downstream tributaries and the Willamette River, and the resulting potential effect on threatened fish populations and habitat conditions.River models capable of simulating river corridors downstream from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dams were previously updated and integrated to simulate conditions that occurred from March through October of 2011 (a cool and wet year), 2015 (a hot and dry year), and 2016 (a moderately hot and dry year) using CE-QUAL-W2 version 4.2. These river models encompass the following:Coast Fork Willamette and Middle Fork Willamette Rivers, the Row River, and Fall Creek downstream from Cottage Grove, Dexter, Dorena, and Fall Creek Dams, respectively;South Fork McKenzie River downstream from Cougar Dam;McKenzie River downstream from its confluence with the South Fork McKenzie River;South Santiam River downstream from Foster Dam;North Santiam River downstream from Big Cliff Dam; andWillamette River from its start at the confluence of the Middle Fork Willamette and Coast Fork Willamette Rivers to Willamette Falls (river mile 26.0; near West Linn, Oregon).This report documents model modifications, boundary condition data sources or estimation methods, and goodness-of-fit statistics for six CE-QUAL-W2 reservoir models and one river model upstream","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134889174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
User engagement to improve coastal data access and delivery 用户参与改善沿海数据的获取和交付
Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20235081
Amanda D. Stoltz, Amanda E. Cravens, Erika Lentz, Emily Himmelstoss
{"title":"User engagement to improve coastal data access and delivery","authors":"Amanda D. Stoltz, Amanda E. Cravens, Erika Lentz, Emily Himmelstoss","doi":"10.3133/sir20235081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20235081","url":null,"abstract":"First posted July 11, 2023 For additional information, contact: Center Director, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey384 Woods Hole Rd.Woods Hole, MA 02543 A priority of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program focus on coastal change hazards is to provide accessible and actionable science that meets user needs. To understand these needs, 10 virtual Coastal Data Delivery Listening Sessions were completed with 5 coastal data user types that coastal change hazards data are intended to serve: resource managers, consultants, local planners, State planners, and non-USGS researchers. During these listening sessions, participants revealed challenges to coastal data use including being overwhelmed by too many webtools, having a lack of capacity to search for and understand new information, facing difficulties finding data, and not understanding how to apply data. The specific coastal data and information needs described by participants are also detailed in the report and describe data gaps, a need for simpler tools, data needs that differ across spatial and temporal scales, and more outreach on coastal topics and climate change. Participants also suggested leveraging data across study sites and regions to help improve capacity issues and called for more communication and collaboration among and within Federal agencies. The synthesized information from the Coastal Data Delivery Listening Sessions provided in this report can help the USGS and those working on coastal challenges better understand barriers to coastal information use and the exact data requirements of different coastal data users.","PeriodicalId":478589,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135733918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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