Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964772
A. Hills
{"title":"Care and control: The role of the UK police in extreme circumstances","authors":"A. Hills","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964772","url":null,"abstract":"Recent discussion about the functions and roles of the British police has (with a few major exceptions) characterised policing in terms of either care or control, with the two characteristics seen as not only separate but exclusive and existing in a state of tension. The article illustrates, by reference to the police role in extreme circumstances, that although both are expected of the police by central government, the public and the police themselves, the efficient provision of care cannot exist without control. The relationship of the two is closer than that of simple combination because both are integral parts of the role, though not necessarily of the technical function, played by the police.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"13 1","pages":"177-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74344282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964771
A. Scripture
{"title":"The sources of police culture: Demographic or environmental variables?","authors":"A. Scripture","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964771","url":null,"abstract":"Two hundred and eighty six serving Metropolitan Police officers were surveyed by way of anonymous questionnaire and their views obtained in respect of capital punishment, the right to strike, the right to active political involvement, opinions of levels of public support, and their recent voting habits. The results were then compared between sample groups based on various demographic variables: age, gender, occupational location, rank, familial policing connections, previous occupations, and academic qualifications. It was found that despite apparent variations, there were few statistically significant differences between the sample groups. Overall, it was found that although police were traditionally more likely to vote Conservative, there has been a sharp downturn in this area, and that overall, police attitudes appear to be similar to those of the general public, suggesting that police may be closer to the societal norm than has been opined.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"163-176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90856521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964773
Coretta Phillips, David C. Brown
{"title":"Observational studies in police custody areas: Some methodological and ethical issues considered","authors":"Coretta Phillips, David C. Brown","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964773","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1960s, social researchers have conducted a number of studies of police behavior and operational practice, and some of these have included an observational component. This paper reviews some of the methodological and ethical difficulties involved in conducting observational research in police stations. It then considers the advantages of using this type of research technique, and ends with suggestions for conducting this type of research which take account of these methodological and ethical issues.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"191-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73897121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964768
M. Gill, J. Hart
{"title":"Policing as a business: The organisation and structure of private investigation","authors":"M. Gill, J. Hart","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964768","url":null,"abstract":"This paper, based on an empirical study, considers the characteristics of private investigation as a business enterprise. It reveals that private investigators most commonly work in small, autonomous units with very little centralisation and a largely informal structure that has changed little since Victorian times. There is currently no statutory regulation, little available training and recruitment is often based on knowing the right people. The article reports on how investigators are recruited and the types of professional experience that are valued, the age and size of businesses, and the steps taken to safeguard both their own interests and those of their clients. It ends by suggesting that most private investigation agencies can be classified as either ‘home‐based’, ‘high street’, ‘regional’, or ‘prestige’ and that despite their autonomous structures and the need to compete with each other, they can and do combine to offer clients a national and even international service which is rarely available ...","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"1000 ","pages":"117-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72506304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964766
G. Moon, K. Kelly, S. Savage, Y. Bradshaw
{"title":"Divided loyalties?—the police surgeon and criminal justice","authors":"G. Moon, K. Kelly, S. Savage, Y. Bradshaw","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964766","url":null,"abstract":"The work of the ‘police surgeon’ in Britain is characterised by role conflict with tensions between the medical/legal and therapeutic/evidential aspects of the role. This paper examines the dualisms which characterise the work of the police surgeon, and, on the basis of a national survey of police surgeons, provides data and analysis on the operation of the police surgeon service in England and Wales. It proceeds to focus more specifically and critically on the dilemmas of police surgeon work in three areas: ethical aspects of the police surgeon role; police surgeons’ treatment of victims of sexual assault; police surgeons’ decisions regarding mentally disordered persons.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"79-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88308863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964767
Donald L. Yates, V. Pillai, Joel D. Humburg
{"title":"Committing to the new police‐community partnerships in the united states and england","authors":"Donald L. Yates, V. Pillai, Joel D. Humburg","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964767","url":null,"abstract":"A primary handicap of current community policing scholarship has been the failure of community policing research to incorporate comprehensive and broad dimensions of community policing. Such a lack of a rigorous assessment for the community policing concept has handicapped our ability to reliably assess community policing's benefits, as well as what constitute's its potential obstacles. This study adopts a broad dimension of community policing in evaluating the commitment levels of police officers both in the United States and in England to the roles and other responsibilities of community policing. Utilizing a multidimensional measure for assessing community policing attitudes, overall, the findings show broad support for the activities of community policing among patrol officers, constables, and police managers in England as well as in the United States.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"99-115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75450320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964761
Mike Walker
{"title":"Conceptual and methodological issues in the investigation of occupational stress. A case study of police officers deployed on body recovery at the site of the Lockerbie air crash","authors":"Mike Walker","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964761","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents data from a case study of the 25 police officers comprising the Victim Recovery and Identification Team (VRIT) of the Metropolitan Police Service who were deployed at the site of the Lockerbie air crash in 1988. The purpose in presenting this case study is to review some of the conceptual and methodological issues identified in recent literature on stress amongst police officers. It looks at the distinction between stress and post‐traumatic stress and finds the distinction blurred. It considers the problems associated with gaining access to personally and professionally sensitive issues within the cultural context of police work and concludes that qualitative methods of research add an important dimension which is often missed by survey techniques. The implications are that we are more likely to under‐estimate rather than over‐estimate the incidence of stress amongst police officers.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"110 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964757
B. Hofstra, J. Shapland
{"title":"Who is in control","authors":"B. Hofstra, J. Shapland","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964757","url":null,"abstract":"The Netherlands have recently created a number of new agents of social control. These include the stadswachten (city wardens) and the politiesurveillanten (police patrollers). Both primarily patrol in city centres, with the police patrollers being a more junior rank in the regular police, but the city wardens a separate uniformed presence. Both have, primarily, an order maintenance and preventive/regulatory function. Summarising research on their structure, organization and effectiveness across a number of cities (including questionnaires to the general public and interviews with the social control agents and those who have had contact with them), it is suggested that though both seem to have a positive effect on fear of crime in these areas (and on some instances of nuisance/petty crime), city wardens find it is easier to interact with both police and public to do their job.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"191 1","pages":"265-281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74162275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964762
Beverley Milton-Edwards
{"title":"Policing Palestinian Society","authors":"Beverley Milton-Edwards","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964762","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines policing during the Palestinian uprising. It looks at the formation of the Palestinian Police Force (PPF) in 1993/94 under the framework of the Autonomy Agreement (Oslo Accords) signed on September 13, 1993 between the government of Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The paper explores the model of policing adopted under this framework suggesting that transition is allowing the perpetuation of an authoritarian approach to state‐society relations through this particular institution. I will also examine the role of the international donor community, training and recruitment and the debate about police‐community relations.","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"65 1","pages":"19-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81090081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policing & SocietyPub Date : 1997-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10439463.1997.9964758
K. Quinet, David J. Bordua, Wright L. Lassiter
{"title":"Line of duty police deaths: A paradoxical trend in felonious homicides in the United States","authors":"K. Quinet, David J. Bordua, Wright L. Lassiter","doi":"10.1080/10439463.1997.9964758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1997.9964758","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research in the U.S. has focused more on killings by police rather than of police. Additionally, previous research on felonious line‐of‐duty deaths (FLDD) of police has been limited because it has only covered certain time spans, cities or samples. This paper analyzes national trends in municipal, county and state officer deaths in the United States from 1960–1992. We examine several classes of variables in attempting to explain the trends: the number of officers, violence directed towards the police, general social violence and police practices. The present analyses finds an increase in FLDD from 1960–1971 and a paradoxical rather steady decline from 1971 to the present. Since 1989 (and in 1986), the U.S. male is more likely to be the victim of a homicide than is a line of duty police officer. Also, police are more likely to die as a result of an accident or suicide than a felonious (homicide) death. We conclude that the paradoxical decline may be explained partly by police practices of target hard...","PeriodicalId":47763,"journal":{"name":"Policing & Society","volume":"11 1","pages":"283-296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"1997-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87657849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}