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Modeling farmers' preference and willingness to pay for improved climate services in Rwanda 模拟卢旺达农民为改善气候服务付费的偏好和意愿
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000286
A. Tesfaye, J. Hansen, D. Kagabo, E. Birachi, M. Radeny, D. Solomon
{"title":"Modeling farmers' preference and willingness to pay for improved climate services in Rwanda","authors":"A. Tesfaye, J. Hansen, D. Kagabo, E. Birachi, M. Radeny, D. Solomon","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000286","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to understand how Rwandan farmers value the improved characteristics of climate services introduced to them in a choice experiment setting. Data were collected from 1,525 household heads in November 2019. A random parameters logit model was used to analyze the data. Results suggest that Rwandan farmers value forecast accuracy, dissemination through a combination of extension agents and the Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture process, and bundling with market price information. This study suggests that to improve agricultural management planning and food security of farmers through the provision of climate services, these services need to be accurate, user-tailored, and accessible.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48003314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Background risk and risk-taking – evidence from the field 背景风险和冒险行为——来自实地的证据
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000274
Linda Kleemann, Marie-Catherine Riekhof
{"title":"Background risk and risk-taking – evidence from the field","authors":"Linda Kleemann, Marie-Catherine Riekhof","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most decisions involving risk are not taken in isolation. In addition to the risk from that decision, other independent, so-called ‘background’ risks, are considered. Our research adds to the growing evidence that this background risk influences risk-taking. We report results from a repeated lab-in-the-field investment task with Senegalese fishers in the presence of background risk related to their fishing income and their health. Our measure of background risk is the monthly wind condition. Without controls, we find that fishers act on average intemperately. Adding controls, we find that the impact of background risk on risk-taking—measured as the investment in the investment task—depends on the boat size of the fishers. When dividing the sample according to wealth, we find temperate behavior for the relatively poorer group and intemperate behavior that depends on boat lengths for the relatively richer group. Our results show the interrelations between background risk and context factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19, climate shocks, and food security linkages: evidence and perceptions from smallholder farming communities in Tanzania 2019冠状病毒病、气候冲击和粮食安全联系:来自坦桑尼亚小农社区的证据和看法
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000225
Violet Lasdun, Aurélie P. Harou, C. Magomba, Aika Aku
{"title":"COVID-19, climate shocks, and food security linkages: evidence and perceptions from smallholder farming communities in Tanzania","authors":"Violet Lasdun, Aurélie P. Harou, C. Magomba, Aika Aku","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000225","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Insights on the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are critical for designing and implementing policies to alleviate the food security burden it may have caused, and for bolstering rural communities against similar macroeconomic shocks in the future. Yet estimating the causal effects of the pandemic is difficult due to its ubiquitous nature and entanglement with other shocks. In this descriptive study, we combine high-resolution satellite imagery to control for plot-level rainfall with household socio-economic panel data from 2014, 2016, 2019 and 2020, to differentiate the effect of the pandemic from climatic shocks on food security in Morogoro, Tanzania. We find evidence of decreased incomes, increased prices of staple foods, and increased food insecurity in 2020 relative to previous years, and link these changes to the pandemic by asking households about their perceptions of COVID-19. Respondents overwhelmingly attribute economic hardships to the pandemic, with perceived impacts differing by asset level.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45027954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The impact of weather shocks on employment outcomes: evidence from South Africa 天气冲击对就业结果的影响:来自南非的证据
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000237
Harriet Brookes Gray, Vis Taraz, Simon D. Halliday
{"title":"The impact of weather shocks on employment outcomes: evidence from South Africa","authors":"Harriet Brookes Gray, Vis Taraz, Simon D. Halliday","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000237","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme weather events, such as drought and heat waves. In this paper, we assess the impact of drought and high temperatures on the employment outcomes of working-age individuals in South Africa between 2008 and 2017. We merge high-resolution weather data with detailed individual-level survey data on labor market outcomes, and estimate causal impacts using a fixed effects framework. We find that increases in the occurrence of drought reduce overall employment. These effects are concentrated in the tertiary sector, amongst informal workers, and in provinces with a higher reliance on tourism. Taken together, our results suggest that the impacts of climate change will be felt unequally by South Africa's workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EDE volume 27 issue 5 Cover and Front matter EDE第27卷第5期封面和封面
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000250
{"title":"EDE volume 27 issue 5 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":"27 1","pages":"f1 - f4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42530203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lasting impact on health from natural disasters, potential mechanisms and mitigating effects 自然灾害对健康的持久影响、潜在机制和缓解效果
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x2200016x
Gaurav Dhamija, Gitanjali Sen
{"title":"Lasting impact on health from natural disasters, potential mechanisms and mitigating effects","authors":"Gaurav Dhamija, Gitanjali Sen","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x2200016x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x2200016x","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Exposure to extreme shocks in early life is found to have a lasting impact in adulthood. Exploiting the variation in exposure measured by age and intensity of an earthquake, we evaluate the impact of a 7.7 MW earthquake in Gujarat, India, on the health stock of children who were in utero or below three years. Using the India Human Development Survey data from 2004–05 and earthquake intensity data, we find an affected girl child to be shorter by at least 2.5 cm at the age of 3–6 years. The earthquake seems to have destroyed the household infrastructures and health facilities, affecting the expecting mothers and newborn children. The households using services to meet nutritional needs of children and pregnant women seem to be least affected. Our findings recommend faster reconstruction activities and highlight the importance of universal healthcare and nutritional delivery services to mitigate the impacts of early-life shocks.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46178591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
EDE volume 27 issue 5 Cover and Back matter EDE第27卷第5期封面和封底
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000262
{"title":"EDE volume 27 issue 5 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000262","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":"b1 - b2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45555576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is the environment a victim of the economic downturn? Evidence from China's manufacturing firms 环境是经济衰退的牺牲品吗？来自中国制造企业的证据
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000195
Xue-mei Zhang, Haitao Yin, Huimin Yang
{"title":"Is the environment a victim of the economic downturn? Evidence from China's manufacturing firms","authors":"Xue-mei Zhang, Haitao Yin, Huimin Yang","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000195","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates whether pollution-intensive industries develop faster in a time of economic downturn. Using firm-level panel data from 2005 to 2013, we find supporting empirical results in an analysis of China's manufacturing industries in the 2008 economic crisis. We find that pollution-intensive firms tended to produce more compared with non-pollution-intensive firms in the 2008 economic crisis, with the pre-crisis period as a baseline. We further find that this effect is more pronounced in areas with higher export dependence and a smaller proportion of production from pollution-intensive industries. The relatively faster production expansion in pollution-intensive industries is more evident for state-owned enterprises.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48895383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Migration response to drought in Mali. An analysis using panel data on Malian localities over the 1987-2009 period 移民对马里干旱的反应。使用1987-2009年马里地区面板数据进行的分析
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000183
D. Defrance, Esther Delesalle, F. Gubert
{"title":"Migration response to drought in Mali. An analysis using panel data on Malian localities over the 1987-2009 period","authors":"D. Defrance, Esther Delesalle, F. Gubert","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000183","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper combines population and climate data to estimate the volume of migration induced by the drought events that have hit Mali since the late 1980s. The results show that droughts have had the effect of decreasing net migration rates in the affected localities. This is true for both men and women, regardless of their age. The effect of drought episodes, however, is found to differ according to localities and households’ capacity to adapt to climatic constraints: it fades in localities characterized by more diversified crops and in areas that receive more rainfall on average. Climate shocks also had an impact on international mobility: over the 2004–2009 period, around 2300 additional departures per year can be attributed to the droughts that hit Mali during the 2000s. We forecast that, under different climate scenarios and population growth projections, mobility induced by drought events will substantially grow in the next decades.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48155053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Avoiding catastrophic collapse in small-scale fisheries through inefficient cooperation: evidence from a framed field experiment 通过低效合作避免小规模渔业的灾难性崩溃：一项框架式实地实验的证据
IF 2.1 4区 经济学
Environment and Development Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.1017/s1355770x22000171
T. Lindahl, Rawadee Jarungrattanapong
{"title":"Avoiding catastrophic collapse in small-scale fisheries through inefficient cooperation: evidence from a framed field experiment","authors":"T. Lindahl, Rawadee Jarungrattanapong","doi":"10.1017/s1355770x22000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x22000171","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Small-scale fisheries (SSFs) are significant for poverty alleviation, but are threatened by over-exploitation and climate change effects such as drastic drops in regrowth rates. How will fishers adapt? To shed light on this, we ran a common-pool resource experiment with SSF fishers in Thailand. Our results show that groups confronted with a potential abrupt drop in the regrowth rate are more likely to form cooperative agreements compared to groups not confronted with such a drop, which theory cannot predict. However, groups that form cooperative agreements do not necessarily manage the resource efficiently; many groups under-exploit. Over-exploitation is driven by individual characteristics, e.g., if individuals can diversify income, and if they are born outside the village. We conclude that more systematic exploration of the role of socio-economic factors, and how these factors interact with ecological conditions facing fishers, are needed. Our work can be seen as one step in this direction.","PeriodicalId":47751,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Development Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46369937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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