{"title":"Standards for vision science librarians: 2026 review and revisions.","authors":"Heather Edmonds, Karen S Alcorn, Caroline Allen, Rudy Barreras, Dede Rios, Leslie Holland, Thandavarayan Kumaragurupari","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2270","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Association of Vision Science Librarians (AVSL) is an international organization composed of professional librarians, or persons acting in that capacity, whose collections include vision-related materials and/or whose patrons include vision scientists. Since 1976, AVSL has defined standards for vision science libraries in all capacities, including optometry, ophthalmology, academia, industry, and beyond. As the most recent Standards for Vision Science Libraries was published in 2014, an AVSL member committee was formed in 2024 to review the Standards and consider what a revision should include. Over the course of several months, committee members collaborated with one another, held discussions with other AVSL members, and reviewed current literature. What resulted is a revised set of Standards that aims to address the significant changes that have taken place not only within the field of librarianship, but with the information needs of the vision science professions as well. These updated Standards place the focus on the librarian rather than the library, as many librarian positions that once focused solely on vision science are now expected to manage several disciplines. The aim of this revision is to serve as a starting point for any librarian working with vision science materials and/or serving vision scientist patrons who wishes to develop their knowledge base and skills in this particular field of health sciences librarianship.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"323-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How ChatGPT writes scientific titles in medical research: structural and content differences compared to human authors.","authors":"Paul Sebo, Bing Nie, Ting Wang","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2266","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Scientific article titles play a central role in shaping research visibility, interpretation, and discoverability. With the rise of large language models like ChatGPT, there is growing interest in using AI tools to support title generation, yet little is known about how AI-generated titles differ from those written by human authors. This study compared titles written by original authors to those generated by ChatGPT-4.0 from the same abstracts, focusing on structural and content-level differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty research articles published in 2000, before the advent of generative AI, were randomly selected from ten high-impact general internal medicine journals. For each, the structured abstract was submitted to ChatGPT-4.0 using a standardized prompt to generate a title. Human-written and AI-generated titles were then compared using quantitative measures (word and character counts, punctuation marks) and descriptive content analysis (study design, population descriptors, outcome emphasis, public health or clinical framing, temporal context). Paired statistical tests were applied to assess differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-generated titles were significantly longer than human-written titles (median 16 vs. 12.5 words, p-value<0.001) and included more characters and punctuation marks (colons in 100% vs. 30%; p-value<0.001). AI titles more often specified or clarified study design, detailed populations, emphasized outcomes, framed findings in public health or clinical terms, and incorporated temporal context.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ChatGPT-4.0 produces more explicit and structured titles than human authors, emphasizing methodological clarity and content completeness. These findings raise important questions about norms in scientific communication and the need for further research and ethical guidance on AI-assisted writing.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"222-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vahideh Zarea Gavgani, Parisa Akbari-Ekdelu, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Asghar Mohammadpoorasl, Mina Mahami-Oskouei
{"title":"Effect of physician prescribed information to the inflammatory bowel disease patients on quality of life and disease relapse: a randomised control trial.","authors":"Vahideh Zarea Gavgani, Parisa Akbari-Ekdelu, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Asghar Mohammadpoorasl, Mina Mahami-Oskouei","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2252","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), including Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn&s Disease, are chronic and recurrent conditions that severely impact patients' quality of life and increase the risk of complications. Providing accurate and evidence-based health information is a non-pharmacological strategy that may improve disease outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physician-prescribed information on patients' quality of life and disease Relapse.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized controlled trial, 160 patients with IBD were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group received a structured information prescription (IP) developed by a trained medical librarian and approved by a physician, while the control group received routine oral explanations. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL) and Time to Relapse Questionnaire (TRQ) were used to assess quality of life and Relapse, respectively. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney tests using Stata17 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Relapse rate in the intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group at both two months (12.5% vs. 87.5%, p=0.004) and four months (15% vs. 42.5%, P<0.001). The risk of Relapse in the control group was more than twice as high compared to the intervention group (Hazard ratio: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.6-2.8). The mean overall quality of life scores showed an improvement in the intervention group, while a decline was observed in the control group. A significant improvement was also indicated in all quality-of-life domains in the intervention group when compared to the control group (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physician-prescribed information interventions significantly enhance quality of life and reduce disease Relapse in IBD patients, offering a promising complementary approach in clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andy Hickner, Diana Delgado, Jessica Boyle, Lynne Holden, Sarah Jewell, Michael A Wood, Terrie R Wheeler
{"title":"Introducing information literacy and careers in librarianship to New York City high school students: a case report.","authors":"Andy Hickner, Diana Delgado, Jessica Boyle, Lynne Holden, Sarah Jewell, Michael A Wood, Terrie R Wheeler","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2354","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) are underrepresented in librarianship. We developed a curriculum to introduce high school students from BIPOC communities to careers in health sciences librarianship and to concepts and skills in health information literacy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Librarians at Weill Cornell Medicine partnered with Mentoring in Medicine, a Bronx-based nonprofit, to develop the Community Health Ambassador Program (CHAmP) curriculum. The project settings were at three New York City schools. The project took place over two years, with the pilot taking place in year 1, followed by an assessment which included data from pre- and posttests measuring student learning and focus groups with the students to gather feedback about their experience. Informed by data from the year one assessment, we worked with an experienced high school teacher to redesign the curriculum for year 2. Changes included reducing the amount of lecture and providing more time for activities to reinforce the content, including a team final project and presentations. In year two focus groups, students demonstrated increased understanding of health sciences librarianship and indicated increased engagement and enjoyment of the course compared to year 1. There was a statistically significant improvement in the mean student score from the pretest to the posttest.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The revised curriculum resulted in increased student engagement and statistically significant improvement in learning compared to the year one pilot. We have published the full curriculum online under a Creative Commons license so that other organizations may implement it in their communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of bullying in academic medical libraries in the United States.","authors":"Todd Allen Lane, Maggie Albro, Carrie S Forbes","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2244","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Previous research has found bullying present across the library profession, with documented instances in school, public, and university literature, but not in academic medical and hospital library literature. This study aims to determine the prevalence of workplace bullying among academic medical and hospital librarians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous survey was distributed to members of the Medical Library Association, the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries, and the Association of College & Research Librarians Health Sciences Interest Group containing the Short Negative Acts Questionnaire. Quantitative analysis was conducted using the Real Statistics Resource Pack software (Release 8.9.1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred eighteen survey responses met inclusion criteria. 49.2% of the sample met the threshold for self-identifying as victims of workplace bullying. This was significantly higher than the prevalence among the general librarian population (40.1%) in 2017 (p = 0.029) and consistent with findings in 2022 (51.8%; p = 0.31). More participants perceived themselves as not experienced bullying (69%) than the prevalence rate found. Those who perceived themselves as victims identified colleagues as the most frequent perpetrators (35%), followed immediate superiors (22%) and other superiors/managers within the organization (25%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed nearly half (49.2%) of academic medical and hospital librarians included in the sample experience bullying. These findings highlight the need for an increased understanding of bullying behaviors, education on prevention, and for library leaders to develop interventions to mitigate bullying in their institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"246-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary McNiece, Dawn Hackman, Nick Szydlowski, Yuqi He
{"title":"Fostering collaboration through learning communities: a case report on engaging with <i>All of Us</i> data among library professionals, faculty, and students.","authors":"Zachary McNiece, Dawn Hackman, Nick Szydlowski, Yuqi He","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2335","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research data services (RDS) have expanded in academic libraries but can be challenging to develop, particularly in teaching-intensive and less-resourced institutions. Learning communities offer a promising model for building skills, fostering collaboration, and aligning services with local needs.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This case report describes the development and implementation of three learning communities-a library group, a faculty group, and a student group-at a teaching-focused institution. These communities brought together library professionals, faculty, and students from diverse disciplines-including health sciences, education, data science, and engineering-to collaboratively explore the All of Us dataset. By working with the same dataset, participants were able to move quickly from abstract concepts to hands-on practice, while developing a shared understanding of tools, workflows, and challenges. The learning communities also served as platforms for building institutional capacity in data-intensive research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The learning communities model proved to be an effective strategy for fostering cross-disciplinary collaboration, promoting data literacy, and building institutional readiness to support research using the All of Us dataset. By centering on local expertise, learning communities provide a sustainable, resource-conscious framework for developing RDS. This approach also demonstrates how academic libraries can act as conveners and catalysts for equitable data engagement. Lessons learned from this case may inform similar efforts at other institutions seeking to build collaborative, inclusive models for engaging with various data resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"315-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Go Eun Lee, JungSun Seo, Ye Jin Choi, Jee Yeon Lee
{"title":"Perceptions of digital medical information services applying new technologies.","authors":"Go Eun Lee, JungSun Seo, Ye Jin Choi, Jee Yeon Lee","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2314","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines users& behaviors and perceptions when accessing medical information in digital environments and proposes strategic directions for medical libraries seeking to adopt emerging technologies. Specifically, we empirically investigate user expectations regarding digital technologies, differences in perception based on individual characteristics, and key factors influencing satisfaction with information use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a web-based survey from January to February 2024 through the National Center for Medical Science Knowledge, a national institution in South Korea. A total of 580 participants-including healthcare professionals, researchers, educators, and students-completed a questionnaire assessing digital information behavior, preferences for emerging technologies, perceptions of information and service quality, and overall satisfaction. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Users exhibited a strong tendency to use online-based medical information, reporting particular interest in big data (38.5%) and artificial intelligence (24.9%) technologies. Statistically significant differences in preferences and awareness of digital technologies were observed based on gender, education level, academic major, and occupation. Information reliability (β = .623), service speed, and personalization were identified as key determinants of user satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medical libraries should establish technology-based services that are suitable for the digital information environment and develop customized strategies that accurately reflect user characteristics and demands. This study offers practical insights for designing user-centered digital medical information services.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"208-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dean Giustini, Alexandre Amar-Zifkin, Eileen Chen, Janice Y Kung
{"title":"Automated indexing in MEDLINE and the Medical Text Indexer (MTI), 2000-2025: a scoping review.","authors":"Dean Giustini, Alexandre Amar-Zifkin, Eileen Chen, Janice Y Kung","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2406","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesize and map literature on automated indexing of the biomedical literature, with a focus on the Medical Text Indexer (MTI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM). We review the drivers, benefits, and challenges of automated indexing, evolution of the MTI from 2000-2025, and impacts on information retrieval in MEDLINE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review following the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and reported findings using PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA-S. We searched several bibliographic databases, key journals, conference proceedings, and grey literature sources, with no restrictions on language or study design. Eligible publications were published 2000-2025 and focused on MTI development. Screening, data charting, and thematic analysis were conducted by multiple reviewers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 64 publications, with most originating from the United States (n=53, 83%) and five from Canada (8%). Study methods included evaluation or comparative studies (65%), qualitative descriptions (25%), and mixed methods (11%). MTI evolved from a rules-based recommendation tool in 2002 to the neural network-based MTIX in 2024. Despite numerous enhancements to the MTI, human curation remains necessary for approximately one-third of records to correct inaccuracies, capture missed concepts, and address errors arising from figurative language or algorithmic biases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review synthesizes twenty-five years of MTI research (2000-2025). Despite reduced indexing times and a markedly improved algorithm, the MTIX has not yet achieved full equivalence to human indexing. Our findings suggest searchers should watch for algorithmic ambiguities in their MEDLINE searching and adapt accordingly. Health sciences librarians should work with stakeholders, including authors, to shape future algorithmic indexing methods, outputs, evaluation and research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"191-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heather Nadean Holmes, AHIP, Medical Library Association President, 2025-2026.","authors":"Shannon D Jones","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2417","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This profile offers a portrait of Heather Nadean Holmes, MLIS, AHIP, 2025-2026 Medical Library Association (MLA) President, as a leader defined by authenticity, courage, and deep commitment to the profession. Holmes, known for her candor and dedication to the profession, brings a career rooted in service, gained from her work in hospital, academic, and association environments, to the presidency. Her professional journey reflects a sustained commitment to evidence-based practice, research, and elevating librarians as essential partners in health care, education, and discovery. Holmes is widely recognized for her work as a clinical medical librarian and her national leadership in developing the MLA Research Agenda. Colleagues describe her as a truth-teller who leads with integrity, sets clear boundaries, and consistently uses her platform to support others, especially early- and mid-career professionals. Her presidency focuses on inclusivity, transparency, and member engagement during a significant transition for both the Association and the profession. Beyond titles and accomplishments, this biography captures Holmes&s humanity. Her resilience, mentorship, humor, and unapologetic passions, including her love of K-pop, are highlighted. Together, these qualities portray a president who leads with conviction, empathy, and joy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"184-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure and elements of library evidence synthesis services: a content analysis of publicly available information.","authors":"Jaena Manson, Anna M White, Emily Metcalf","doi":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2263","DOIUrl":"10.5195/jmla.2026.2263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Through a content analysis of public websites, this paper provides a centralized and summarized picture of evidence synthesis (ES) service characteristics at academic libraries and medical schools and centers in the United States in the mid-2020s.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our team identified 116 institutions classified in the 2021 Carnegie Classification as R1, R2, or Medical Schools and Centers that had an ES service. These services were coded for service characteristics. Using frequency and comparison tables, we answered the following research questions: What are the common structures and characteristics of ES services, within and independent of Carnegie Classification of Research Activity? Is there any relationship between Carnegie Classification of Research Activity and Size & Setting and characteristics of ES services?</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that services often used tiers to delineate between services offered, with higher tiers requiring more responsibilities from the library or information professional. Some universities and medical schools limit librarian involvement with ES projects based on user role (student, faculty, researcher, etc.) or user affiliation with a college or department. Librarian acknowledgment or authorship are common in return for engagement in ES projects. Fees and Memoranda of Understanding were uncommon but do exist at some institutions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Librarians seeking to create or update their ES service can benefit from this 'data snapshot,& as it will allow them to see the service elements under consideration by other institutions and offer ideas for their own services. Overall, we found that there were more similarities than differences between basic ES service structures (e.g. tier amounts/categories, presence of fees, etc.), independent of classification type or size setting. We recommend that librarians utilize this paper and the associated data in order to identify which institutional elements are important in their context for ideas in improving their ES service.</p>","PeriodicalId":47690,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Medical Library Association","volume":"114 3","pages":"266-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}