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Rules and the Containment of Conflict in Congress 规则与国会冲突的遏制
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2022-01-09 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12368
Christian Fong
{"title":"Rules and the Containment of Conflict in Congress","authors":"Christian Fong","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12368","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Congressional rules can be violated by majority vote, but the application of those rules often leads to different outcomes than would prevail under direct majority rule. Why does Congress enact rules in the first place, and why would not a majority violate those rules whenever it disliked the outcomes they produced? Drawing from work in psychology, I argue legislators become angry and engage in socially costly retaliation when unfavorable outcomes are produced by discretionary authority but not when they are produced by the application of fixed rules. Consequently, rules sometimes inefficiently allocate congressional resources, but they also reduce costly conflict within the institution. I present a model that provides conditions under which the legislature prefers to enact and defer to rules and derive its empirical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43947108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Attention to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Twitter: Partisan Differences Among U.S. State Legislators 推特上对COVID - 19大流行的关注:美国州议员之间的党派分歧
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12367
Taegyoon Kim, Nitheesha Nakka, Ishita Gopal, Bruce A. Desmarais, Abigail Mancinelli, Jeffrey J. Harden, Hyein Ko, Frederick J. Boehmke
{"title":"Attention to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Twitter: Partisan Differences Among U.S. State Legislators","authors":"Taegyoon Kim,&nbsp;Nitheesha Nakka,&nbsp;Ishita Gopal,&nbsp;Bruce A. Desmarais,&nbsp;Abigail Mancinelli,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Harden,&nbsp;Hyein Ko,&nbsp;Frederick J. Boehmke","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12367","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12367","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subnational governments in the United States have taken the lead on many aspects of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Variation in government activity across states offers the opportunity to analyze responses in comparable settings. We study a common and informative activity among state officials—state legislators’ attention to the pandemic on Twitter. We find that legislators’ attention to the pandemic strongly correlates with the number of cases in the legislator’s state, the national count of new deaths, and the number of pandemic-related public policies passed within the legislator’s state. Furthermore, we find that the degree of responsiveness to pandemic indicators differs significantly across political parties, with Republicans exhibiting weaker responses, on average. Lastly, we find significant differences in the content of tweets about the pandemic by Democratic and Republican legislators, with Democrats focused on health indicators and impacts, and Republicans focused on business impacts and opening the economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lsq.12367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44830614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Driving Legislators' Policy Preferences: Constituent Commutes and Gas Taxes 推动立法者的政策偏好:选民通勤和汽油税
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12366
Sarah E. Anderson, Daniel M. Butler, Laurel Harbridge-Yong, G. Agustin Markarian
{"title":"Driving Legislators' Policy Preferences: Constituent Commutes and Gas Taxes","authors":"Sarah E. Anderson,&nbsp;Daniel M. Butler,&nbsp;Laurel Harbridge-Yong,&nbsp;G. Agustin Markarian","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12366","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12366","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding differential policy costs across constituencies, and how they link to legislators' policy preferences, can facilitate policy changes that solve pressing problems. We examine the role of policy costs on constituents by studying legislator support for taxing gasoline. Analysis of survey responses from US state legislators, as well as of their voting records, shows that legislators whose constituents would be most affected by an increased gas tax—those whose constituents have longer commutes—are more likely to oppose higher gas taxes. Separately estimating the impact of time spent driving to work versus using public transit shows that the effect of commute times comes from those who have long drives, not from those who ride public transit, highlighting how the policy costs to constituents is a major driver in legislators' considerations. We finish the article by discussing the implications of our findings for combating climate change and for understanding policy feedbacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42123761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Party Personnel Datasets: Advancing Comparative Research in Party Behavior and Legislative Organization Across Electoral Systems 政党人事数据集：推进跨选举制度政党行为与立法组织的比较研究
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12365
Matthew E. Bergman, Cory L. Struthers, Matthew S. Shugart, Robert J. Pekkanen, Ellis S. Krauss
{"title":"The Party Personnel Datasets: Advancing Comparative Research in Party Behavior and Legislative Organization Across Electoral Systems","authors":"Matthew E. Bergman,&nbsp;Cory L. Struthers,&nbsp;Matthew S. Shugart,&nbsp;Robert J. Pekkanen,&nbsp;Ellis S. Krauss","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12365","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces eight country-level datasets with &gt;50,000 observations that can be used to analyze novel comparative questions concerning party personnel strategies—how parties recruit candidates and allocate members across party, legislative, and cabinet positions. We make these datasets public to inspire comparative research, especially from an electoral systems perspective; electoral systems shape constituency representation and influence how parties recruit candidates and organize members in legislative and government bodies. In this paper, we first briefly review the relevant literature on electoral nomination and post-election appointment and then describe our motivations for constructing multi-country datasets that can be used to further comparative research. To illustrate the possibilities in these new datasets, we show how recruitment and placement of parliamentarians with particular personal characteristics correlates with their placement onto specific committees and cabinet posts. A conclusion identifies other areas of research that might benefit from using the party personnel datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lsq.12365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45976434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Advantage of Incumbents in Coalitional Bargaining 在职者在联合谈判中的优势
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12362
Jaakko Meriläinen, Janne Tukiainen
{"title":"The Advantage of Incumbents in Coalitional Bargaining","authors":"Jaakko Meriläinen,&nbsp;Janne Tukiainen","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/lsq.12362","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Political parties frequently form coalitions with each other to pursue office or policy payoffs. Contrary to a prominent argument, the distribution of rents within the coalition does not always reflect the relative sizes of the coalition members. We propose that this is at least partially due to an incumbency advantage in coalitional bargaining. To evaluate this argument empirically, we construct a data set of candidates, parties, and members of the executive in Finnish local governments. We first use a regression discontinuity design to document a personal incumbency advantage in nominations to executive municipal boards. We then show that an incumbency premium is present also at the party level. Using an instrumental variable strategy that hinges on within-party close elections between incumbents and non-incumbents, we find that, <i>ceteris paribus</i>, having more re-elected incumbents increases party’s seat share in the executive.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72192615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
About the Authors 关于作者
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12364
{"title":"About the Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/lsq.12364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72332244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strategic Behavior in State Multimember Districts: Does Fielding One Candidate offer a Notable Advantage? 州多成员区的战略行为：派出一名候选人是否具有显著优势？
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12363
Julia Marin Hellwege, Ed Gerrish
{"title":"Strategic Behavior in State Multimember Districts: Does Fielding One Candidate offer a Notable Advantage?","authors":"Julia Marin Hellwege,&nbsp;Ed Gerrish","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12363","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In several U.S. states, legislative districts for the lower chamber are structured as multi-member districts (MMD) electing two or more individuals. Ten states use MMDs, the most common form is a district that elects two candidates (employed in AZ, ND, NJ, SD). Sometimes, parties in these states field only one strong candidate in districts where they have a registration disadvantage, believing this “single shot” strategy improves the election odds. Our research casts doubt on this tactic. It finds that lone Democrats in a pooled sample of three states see a noted <i>disadvantage</i> by widening the electoral gap by 3.3 percentage points on average, meaning that parties are better off running two candidates regardless of their relative quality. However, this effect varies within states. Republicans do not experience a disadvantage, though fewer Democratic-leaning states employ this election method. This research has practical implications for party strategy in MMD states.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41461795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Violence among State House Candidates during the COVID-19 Pandemic 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间州议会候选人的暴力行为
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12361
Rebekah Herrick, Sue Thomas
{"title":"Violence among State House Candidates during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Rebekah Herrick,&nbsp;Sue Thomas","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12361","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12361","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although there is an established comparative literature addressing electoral violence, and an emerging literature on violence against US officeholders, research has not examined levels of violence perpetrated by constituents against US candidates, nor how a crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, including the political polarization connected to it, may affect violence. This note presents findings from a survey of state house candidates from 18 US states in the 2020 electoral cycle. The findings focus on psychological violence and suggest that it is a common occurrence, and that the COVID-19 pandemic and polarization may have affected it. Specifically, most candidates reported that: they believe that the pandemic led to violence; those in states with larger increases in COVID-19 cases and those running in states with higher levels of COVID-19 public political events reported more violence. In addition, candidates running in more polarized states experienced more violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/lsq.12361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45407922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
About the Authors 关于作者
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12357
{"title":"About the Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/lsq.12357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72165170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The (Financial) Ties That Bind: Social Networks of Intraparty Caucuses 捆绑的(金融)纽带:党内党团会议的社会网络
IF 1.5 3区 社会学
Legislative Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/lsq.12360
SoRelle Wyckoff Gaynor
{"title":"The (Financial) Ties That Bind: Social Networks of Intraparty Caucuses","authors":"SoRelle Wyckoff Gaynor","doi":"10.1111/lsq.12360","DOIUrl":"10.1111/lsq.12360","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intraparty caucuses in the US Congress are often recognized for the information sharing, voting blocs, and personal relationships they facilitate. This article introduces an additional benefit to joining intraparty caucuses: campaign donations. Applying social network analysis and exponential random graph models to the 115th and 116th Congresses, I find that members are more likely to donate to their fellow caucus members than other members in Congress. In addition, I find that party leaders, particularly Republican party leaders, are less likely to donate to members that join intraparty caucuses, indicating that Leadership PAC funding is strategic for rank-and-file members and party leaders alike. This article adds to our understanding of intraparty caucuses, particularly their role in facilitating member-to-member campaign donations, and the relationship between caucus members and party leaders.</p>","PeriodicalId":47672,"journal":{"name":"Legislative Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43405169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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