Theory & Psychology最新文献

{"title":"“Professor Spearman has drawn over-hasty conclusions”: Unravelling psychometrics’ “Copernican Revolution”","authors":"J. Michell","doi":"10.1177/09593543231179446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231179446","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of the dispute between Charles Spearman and Godfrey Thomson over the role of factor analysis in providing unambiguous evidence for Spearman’s two-factor theory has not been recognised for the crucial moment it actually was in the history of psychometrics. Thomson sketched an alternative to Spearman’s theory demonstrating that, factor analysis notwithstanding, there was no need to hypothesise that abilities are quantitative attributes. Spearman was blind to this fact and his stature within the discipline ensured that Thomson’s alternative was subsequently neglected. I argue that Spearman’s blindness was conditioned by his fealty to two idols of the age: the quantitative imperative and the psychometricians’ fallacy, both of which were secured in Spearman’s mind by his failure to fully understand the concept of measurement. Given his influence, Spearman’s blindness to the significance of Thomson’s critique was a cause of psychometrics’ relentless progress to becoming a pathological science.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"661 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46447313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Their voice becomes my voice”: Understanding the development of the dialogical self through the internalization of voices in group psychotherapy","authors":"Maria Viou, E. Georgaca","doi":"10.1177/09593543231176254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231176254","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the important issue of the social nature of self and the ways the different aspects of the self are being internalized through external dialogues. It presents a study that systematically explores the development of the clients’ voices during group psychotherapy from a narrative and dialogical perspective. Thematic narrative analysis was used to study 20 two-hour group therapy sessions of a systemic informed approach that was completed over 2 years. The analysis involved mapping of the voices of each group member, their categorization as compassionate and/or reflexive, and a sequential depiction of the group voices through timelines. The analysis reveals the ways in which voices, especially compassionate voices, that appear in the dialogue between clients and therapists and are rehearsed in the context of the group are gradually internalized by the clients, becoming clients’ voices, changing thus the dominance of voices of each client’s voice repertoire. This study empirically depicts the process of internalization of voices, providing support to the dialogical self theory and the social nature of the self.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"577 - 596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47975425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual misunderstandings in mainstream scale construction: Suggestions for a better approach to concepts","authors":"R. Bergner","doi":"10.1177/09593543231177696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231177696","url":null,"abstract":"Three common mainstream scale construction practices are based on both a faulty conception of concepts and on erroneous logical/statistical assumptions: (a) two states of affairs (or item responses designating same) correlating means that they are indicative of the same concept; (b) one and the same concept cannot designate both of two mutually incompatible states of affairs (or item responses designating same); and (c) using measures consisting of a cloud of correlated, but not necessarily conceptually coherent, variables entitles one to report results about a target concept (e.g., “conscientiousness”) even though their referent is not real-world instantiations of this concept, and even though the resulting construct routinely fails to capture anything close to established consensual usage of this target concept, thus resulting in potentially misleading conclusions. Finally, and more positively, existing research methods and findings that capture the actual concepts that people employ when they think and act in their worlds, several of which are described in the article, are argued as vastly preferable ways to establish concept meanings for incorporation into psychometric measures.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"701 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47877579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The autistic pseudosignifier: Imaginary dialectization of signs in the clinic of autism","authors":"L. Brenner","doi":"10.1177/09593543231176543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231176543","url":null,"abstract":"Specificities in language and speech development are a defining feature of autism. Several psychoanalysts have hypothesized that these specificities originate in a unique mode of access to language that exclusively relies on signs rather than signifiers. Compared to the flexibility and dynamism of a language made of signifiers, a language made of signs is rigid, cumbersome, and poor in its capacity to encode complex concepts. This article investigates the supplementary methods that autistic subjects adopt to compensate for these setbacks, methods that enable them to encode complex concepts into their vocabulary using iconic signs. These methods are then developed into a psychoanalytic theory on the use of iconic signs in the strengthening of autistic language in the context of art therapy. A variety of case studies are then used to illustrate how newly gained access to a level of conceptual complexity can also bring dramatic changes to their lives.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"535 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45253413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wundt’s logic: Old resource for new ideas","authors":"Natalie Rodax, D. Mihalits, J. Valsiner","doi":"10.1177/09593543231176542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231176542","url":null,"abstract":"Despite recent scholarship reappraising the complexity of Wilhelm Wundt’s complete works on psychology, contemporary psychology tends to overlook the fundamental epistemological and methodological principles outlined in his less popular writings on logic when engaging in methodological discussions. This article addresses this by situating Wundt’s logic volumes in his oeuvre and demonstrating the continued relevance of his methodological insights for contemporary psychology. Analysing Wundt’s Logic of Psychology, we develop three theses: (a) a multimethodological model is necessary to understand the interaction between individual psychology and völkerpsychologie, (b) Wundt’s völker-psychological analysis highlights the significance of cultural (document) data for psychology, and (c) the comparison between the theories of language of Wundt and Bühler clarifies that Wundt’s approach lacks a concept of dialogicality. We argue that only by understanding how cultural products serve a function in the individual history of micro-interactions can a meaningful connection between the individual and collective emerge.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"642 - 660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44552473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authenticization: Consuming commodified authenticity to become “authentic” subjects","authors":"P. Plesa","doi":"10.1177/09593543231174030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231174030","url":null,"abstract":"Research on authenticity continues to grow in diverse fields and under various definitions. I argue that the concept of authenticity has become a marketable self-branding strategy to meet the ends of neoliberal capitalism with often consequential and contradictory effects on subjectivity. Using Lehman et al.’s (2019) review of the various definitions of authenticity in the literature, I claim that a process I am calling authenticization overlaps the diverse and contradictory definitions to produce commodified forms of authenticity. The production and consumption of commodified forms of authenticity reflect the neoliberal norms of individualization, responsibilization, and self-governance, which, through the process of authenticization, become values that reshape “authentic” self-expression. Self-understanding and freedom are compromised in the production and consumption of commodified forms of authenticity with potential consequences for identity and mental health.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"555 - 576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49005206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cautionary note on aggregation in educational psychology and beyond","authors":"G. Krammer","doi":"10.1177/09593543231172495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231172495","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses aggregation as a fundamental practice in educational psychology and ties it into the idiographic/nomothetic distinction, that is, distinguishing between studying what once was and studying what always is. I address the underlying assumptions of seminal educational research (OECD’s large-scales assessment and Hattie’s synthesizing meta-analyses). I argue that educational psychologists assume a priori general educational principles akin to nomothetic laws without sufficiently scrutinizing the limitations of aggregation. I then contextualize this assumption within the history of psychology, and address how these assumptions shape how educational psychologists view, collect, and examine data. Furthermore, I contextualize this assumption with an example showing a peculiarity of educational research: the existence of multiple perspectives on constructs. Finally, I argue that investing time and resources in the debate on aggregation and the epistemic nature of the insights that educational psychologists generate will ultimately advance the field and help bridge the theory–practice gap.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"681 - 700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A paradigmatic “inoutsider” scholar in African psychology: Tribute to Professor Thomas Leonard (Len) Holdstock","authors":"A. Nwoye, L. Baloyi","doi":"10.1177/09593543231171050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231171050","url":null,"abstract":"This comment aims to memorialize Professor Thomas Len Holdstock (1934–2022). Professor Holdstock was an eminent foundational scholar in the fledgling field of African psychology. His pioneer contributions in African-centred psychology demonstrate that scholarship and excellence in African psychology is not a preserve of native Africans but rightly belongs to any scholar from any culture who could take up the “inoutsider” identity to study and understand the psychology of Africans from the Africans’ perspective.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"736 - 742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47667872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filling in the vacuous flesh: Embodiment, constitution, and interoception","authors":"W. Chen, Xianjie Ping, D. Dong","doi":"10.1177/09593543231169967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231169967","url":null,"abstract":"To many scientists and philosophers, embodied cognition lacks validity, since it fails to offer extraordinary evidence. In this article, we claim that the development of one possible evidence-based embodied cognition could initiate a considerable research project through the inner workings of bodily constitutive neuro-machinery. We call it “interoceptive embodied cognition”; here, the concept of interoception plays the role of filling in the (inner) gap of vacuous embodiment. The most important tenet of embodied cognition for our purpose is the standard of constitution to which we will repeatedly return. We will look back to the three standards of embodied cognition and then regard interoception as the (inner) filling-in echoing the constitution standard of embodied cognition. We will then demonstrate the varieties and constituents of interoception. Next, we will present interoception’s close relationship to at least four subdomains of embodied cognition, which include: (a) sense of embodiment, (b) embodied self, (c) embodied emotion, and (d) embodied social cognition. Finally, we will conclude with the preliminaries of interoceptive embodied cognition.","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"515 - 534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43383118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing African psychology","authors":"S. Kirschner","doi":"10.1177/09593543231166618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543231166618","url":null,"abstract":"Augustine Nwoye’s African Psychology: The Emergence of a Tradition is a valuable and distinctive contribution to the ongoing project of decolonizing and reconstructing psychology in postcolonial Africa. It also has implications for the transformation of global psychological theory and practice. Prof. Nwoye, who is a professor of psychology at the University of Kwa-Zulu Natal in South Africa, draws on his extensive experience as a distinguished researcher, clinician, and educator who has lived and worked in both East and West African settings. In this wide-ranging volume, he lays out his vision for what African psychology is and could be. The book deals with many substantive themes and topics, both metatheoretical and applied, while simultaneously being in explicit or implicit dialogue with cultural, decolonial, and critical-theory approaches to psychology. Nwoye’s approach has some affinities with the broad field of cultural psychology. That latter field has older sources in anthropology and in nonhegemonic approaches to psychology, but it became more visible and developed in the English-speaking world over the past three or four decades (Bruner, 1990; Stigler et al., 1990). The importance of reconstructing psychological science in accord with cultural psychologists’ and psychological anthropologists’ insights has gained even stronger traction during the past 20 years (Arnett, 2008; Medin et al., 2010; Rogoff, 2003). There has been more widespread acknowledgment of the fact that all psychologies (including Euro-American academic and professional ones) are, in significant ways, ethnopsychologies. There has also been greater recognition of the fact that the longstanding use of Euro-American psychological constructs, yardsticks, and practices to study and appraise persons in other cultures has been fraught with epistemological, methodological, and ethical problems. A second theoretical lineage that is critical of psychology’s ethnocentrism has focused on the discipline’s coloniality, that is, its multifaceted collusion with (or even emergence from) oppressive knowledge/power systems. This turn towards “decoloniality” (Maldonado-Torres, 2007) draws from seminal work by antior postcolonial writers (Fanon, 1967; Nandy, 2009) as well as from other theoretical, philosophical, and activist 1166618 TAP0010.1177/09593543231166618Theory & PsychologyReview review-article2023","PeriodicalId":47640,"journal":{"name":"Theory & Psychology","volume":"33 1","pages":"743 - 746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41930577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}