Journal of Urban Technology最新文献

{"title":"From the Guest EditorsSplintering Urbanism at 20: Mapping Trajectories of Research on Urban Infrastructures","authors":"Alan Wiig, A. Karvonen, Colin Mcfarlane, Jonathan Rutherford","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2005930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2005930","url":null,"abstract":"Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin’s Splintering Urbanism: Networked Infrastructures, Technological Mobilities and the Urban Condition (2001) brought the study of infrastructure to the core of urban studies and inspired the “infrastructural turn” in the social sciences more widely. The book catalyzed a rich trove of research on how technology and society are implicated in the production of contemporary cities. More than any other publication, it has animated the socio-technical systems of water, energy, transport, and telecommunications as fundamental to the functioning and livability of cities. It has inspired scholars to seek out the vital processes and politics of the cables, wires, pipes, and roads that undergird urban development. The twentieth anniversary of the book provides a good opportunity to reflect on the impacts of the book and to consider the emerging trajectories of scholarship on urban infrastructure. Splintering Urbanism has taken on that rare quality in the history of urban thought and research in that it is both a text and an event. Of course, it is not the first book to focus on the relationship between the city and its infrastructure systems. It builds upon the work on large technical systems (Hughes, 1983; Mayntz and Hughes, 1988; Summerton, 1994), network urbanism and societies (Dupuy, 1991; Castells, 1996), socio-technical transformations (Winner, 1986; Bijker and Law, 1992), the role of infrastructure in histories of urban planning and government (Tarr and Dupuy, 1988; Aibar and Bijker, 1997), and research on the emergence of information and digital technologies in the city (including Graham and Marvin’s first opus Telecommunications and the City, in 1996). Indeed, Graham and Marvin (2001: xxvi, xxv) begin Splintering Urbanism by acknowledging that “this book, more than most, has been possible only by drawing on and synthesizing a huge body of work” that informed their “fascination with the complex intersections of cities and networked technologies.” The book was published amidst a rich stream of research already in train across urban and regional research in sociology, geography, and planning that centered on the production, politics and materialities of urban and regional infrastructure. This work examined infrastructure in and between cities, from the labor and significance of large infrastructural projects in the history of cities, regions, and nations, to the varied and highly uneven experience of access to and use of infrastructure services from water and sanitation, to electricity and transportation. Splintering Urbanism, however, triggered a significant perceptual shift by providing a means to read and apprehend the urban condition through infrastructure. Take, for instance, a fairly straightforward case of someone living in a peripheral neighborhood, with adequate public transport or a private car to utilize a freeway to access different locations, and someone else living nearby but blocked off by that freeway and ","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90103969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Danger Zones,” “Death Zones,” and Paradoxes of Infrastructural Space-Making in Manila","authors":"K. Saguin, María Álvarez","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2009288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2009288","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Infrastructure and the spatial practices that coalesce around them come to matter in multiple ways. Building on the legacy of splintering urbanism and subsequent appraisals, we explore the paradoxes of infrastructural spaces in a Global South city. In Manila, urban infrastructure plays a central role in enabling evictions in city spaces marked as “danger zones,” and in inhabiting “death zones” in the peripheries where evictees are resettled. This piece employs a relational view of the tensions between the dispossessive and sustaining work of infrastructure to extend the spatial metaphors of urban infrastructure and to illuminate political possibilities built around connections.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"71 1","pages":"145 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80263841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refracting Urbanism: The Multiple Histories (as well as Geographies) of the Networked City","authors":"T. Moss","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2007201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This piece explores the role of history in the splintering urbanism thesis, and infrastructure studies more generally, to make the case for a more nuanced understanding of the multiple histories underpinning the networked city. I reflect on the use of history as an argumentative ploy in Splintering Urbanism, criticize common framings of the past in infrastructure studies, and map out an agenda for future scholarship on urban infrastructure histories based on this critique. In doing so, I argue that the messiness of infrastructure history gets obscured when told through evolutionary or retrospective narratives.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77846911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Times of Splintering Urbanism","authors":"J. Addie","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2001716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001716","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The twentieth anniversary of Splintering Urbanism’s publication is an apropos moment to consider the significance of time in, and for, critical infrastructure studies. This commentary brings Splintering Urbanism into dialogue with Lefebvre’s Rhythmanalysis to explore how time and temporality can (re)frame, extend, and challenge how we engage and analyze the networked metropolis. As an empirical concern, conceptual framework, and methodological approach, “infrastructure time” discloses commonalities and contradictions emerging across the infrastructure turn, enriching our understanding of the production of infrastructure space and helping us pose questions about urbanization, urban politics, and the urban condition in new and generative ways.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"2010 1","pages":"109 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86300923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource Ecologies, Urban Metabolisms, and the Provision of Essential Services","authors":"O. Coutard, D. Florentin","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2001718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001718","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This short commentary starts from the observation that, until recently, most research addressing infrastructures within urban studies has largely downplayed crucial environmental resource issues. While urban and broader inequalities in and through the distribution of resource flows have been examined, especially within an urban political ecology perspective, other issues, fundamentally associated with resource qualitative and quantitative limitations, largely have not. We therefore argue in this paper that resource issues, broadly construed, can and indeed should be explicitly addressed within an extended conceptualization of (urban) metabolisms. This leads us to re-envisage the frameworks through which urban infrastructures and the provision of essential services should be analyzed. We thus advocate for an update of the urban political ecology agenda that brings resource issues, in their material, political, and spatial dimensions to the center of scientific attention.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"49 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85538962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Urban Infrastructures from the Experience of Cities in the Global South: Urbanism Models, Policy Mobilities, and the Finances","authors":"I. Chang","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2003174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2003174","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sustainable and smart urbanism models have been guiding urban development in cities across the globe over the past two decades. Almost invariably, these urbanism models require the planning for and the construction of new urban infrastructure. In addition, new sustainable and smart urban projects also often involve private urban planning firms that actively promote proprietary technologies and financing schemes to fund the projects. These new developments have led to frequent three-way interactions between financing arrangements, the mobilities of the urbanism models, and the implementation of urban infrastructures. To better understand these dynamics, this commentary extends the Graham and Marvin splintering urbanism thesis and incorporates perspectives of policy mobilities and infrastructure finances to set up a research agenda that is more attentive to finance, business operations, and their associated power relations. This commentary aims to identify future research directions for advancing our understanding of contemporary urban infrastructure projects, especially through the lens of cities in the global South.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"57 1","pages":"39 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88601338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Infrastructural Imagination","authors":"Theresa Enright","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2001715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001715","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Throughout Splintering Urbanism, Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin draw attention to the inadequacy of conventional representational paradigms for capturing the vast networked systems comprising contemporary urban space. In their postscript, they make this claim explicit, writing that a new “spatial imaginary” is required “to support the challenges of addressing and researching splintering cities.” In this commentary, I explore this provocation, asking who and what imagines infrastructure? Of what does a progressive infrastructural imaginary consist? And how might such an imaginary be brought about?","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":"101 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74453371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Splintering by Proxy: A Reflection on the Spatial Impacts and Distributed Agency of Platform Urbanism","authors":"N. Odendaal","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2007204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007204","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Insight into the socio-technical dynamics of infrastructure unbundling and the impact on urban space is perhaps one of the most enduring conceptual legacies of the Splintering Urbanism thesis. Expanding the analysis of urban infrastructure beyond the material has enabled a reconsideration of the socio-material dynamics contained therein and the actors represented. Two decades later, digital disruptive commercial enterprises such as Uber and Airbnb have broadened this playing field as Silicon Valley enters the local urban realm. This piece reflects on the extent to which this reconfiguration of urban services, media, and technology affect the market forces and range of choices available to urban dwellers. By considering the relationships between platforms and space and the infrastructural elements of such, the paper concludes on the notion of “splintering by proxy:” how the use of digital platforms enrolls the urban dweller as an active contributor in the continued shaping of urban space through distributed agency. This creates opportunities for emancipatory practices that could contribute to more inclusive cities.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"92 1","pages":"21 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84651543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban and Infrastructural Rhythms and the Politics of Temporal Alignment","authors":"Jochen Monstadt","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2007205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To date, urban research has paid little attention to the role of urban infrastructures in shaping and ordering urban temporalities. I contend that the study of infrastructures offers a powerful lens for understanding the reciprocal relationship changing infrastructural and urban temporalities as well as the power-driven processes of temporal alignment and realignment. Approaching time through the empirical study of infrastructures, I argue, reveals how contemporary infrastructural change is entangled with—often conflicting—orientations to the past, present, and future. At the same time, it uncovers how temporal ordering and reordering processes by socio-technical systems not merely reflect, but also enable, constrain, and preconfigure contemporary and future urbanism. Specifically, periods of infrastructural change, crisis, and failure reveal various temporalities, asynchronisms, and misalignments that are otherwise invisible or neglected but are crucial for the broader understanding of urban change and its governance.","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"69 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75234303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embodied Precariat and Digital Control in the “Gig Economy”: The Mobile Labor of Food Delivery Workers","authors":"C. Popan","doi":"10.1080/10630732.2021.2001714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86894638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}