Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology最新文献

{"title":"An assessment of interventions following moderate and high scores on the dynamic appraisal of situational aggression risk assessment tool in a forensic mental health unit","authors":"Alexander Challinor, Patrick Briggs, Faye Brennan, Charles Daniels, George Hurst, Mark Thorpe, Panchu Xavier, Rajan Nathan","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2280565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2280565","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA) provides a quick and systematic assessment of short-term violence risk. Risk assessment should be closely aligned to management and result in interventions aimed to reduce risk. The aim of this study was to investigate what interventions followed a moderate/high DASA score and whether they reduced risk. The impact of staff training was also assessed. The study was a retrospective analysis of health records within a medium secure hospital over 6 months. Data was gathered on tool adherence and interventions that were used to reduce risk following a moderate/high score. The change in DASA score following the intervention was recorded. There were 70 patients covering 8224 bed days. There were 24 occasions where a moderate score led to an intervention (n = 24/40%), and 26 occasions for a high score (n = 26/87%). A moderate score was mostly followed by no intervention (n = 35/59%), a high score was mostly followed by seclusion (n = 9/29%). The intervention that led to the largest reduction in DASA score was pro re nata medication following a moderate score and seclusion following a high score. The training of staff led to a reduction in tool adherence and increased intervention use. These results support the need for combining the DASA assessment with operationalised systems to link assessment with risk prevention to help reduce aggression and restrictive practices.KEYWORDS: DASAviolence risk assessmentimplementationaggressioninterventionsstructured professional judgement Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Supplementary dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2280565Data availability statementThe data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author (AC).Additional informationFundingThis research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134902951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do forensic mental health services have an ethical duty towards victims of mentally disordered offenders?","authors":"Mayura Deshpande","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2276694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2276694","url":null,"abstract":"Despite important changes in the rights of victims of crime and their role in influencing public policy across most jurisdictions, victims of mentally disordered offenders are often neglected in public discourse. They are also neglected in clinical discourse by forensic practitioners who are responsible for the care and treatment of mentally disordered offenders. In England, as in other countries, this duty is outsourced to public sector agencies for the most part. This review sets out to understand what has been written about ethical obligations of forensic practitioners towards victims. An examination of literature on ethical dilemmas commonly encountered in forensic mental health services has found that most of the existing literature focuses on issues such as the dual obligation nature of the specialty and the difficulties of promoting autonomy in long-term incarceration, with relatively little written about ethical obligations towards the victims of our patients. Some of the ethical and clinical arguments for including victims in our thinking are described, considering the Principlist approach of biomedical ethics, as well as other approaches including relational and communitarian ethics. Some implications for practice are considered.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135036865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficulties experienced by Turkish legal support officers in forensic interviews with individuals with autism and/or intellectual disabilities","authors":"Gizem Yıldız, Ali Kaya","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2281576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2281576","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual disabilities (ID) can often victims and sometimes witnesses or defendant in forensic events. It is important to investigate the experiences of forensic interviewing with these individuals and to identify associated issues to conduct better forensic interviews with them. The present study aims to determine the experiences of the staff and interviewees in forensic interviews conducted with individuals with ASD/ID. The study was conducted with a phenomenological approach, and the data were collected with the semi-structured interview method and analyzed with content analysis. The findings obtained with the analysis of the study data with content analysis revealed three themes: forensic interviews, legal support officer, and the judicial process. In the study, it was concluded that individuals with ASD/ID could not express themselves effectively, could be traumatized during the interviews, the interviewers felt inadequate and experienced associated problems, and required training support and counseling by a special education specialist. It is recommended to create a protocol for the participation of special education experts in forensic interviews in order to support individuals with ASD/ID.KEYWORDS: Autismintellectual disabilityforensic interviewcourtlegal support officer Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First steps towards a core outcome Set for measuring aggressive behavior in prisoners: a systematic review of current methods","authors":"Colin H. Cortie, Jason N. Skinner, Nattaporn Sutiyawan, Jasmine A. Matthews, Annabelle Lee, Elizabeth P. Neale, Mitchell K. Byrne, David Greenberg, Barbara J. Meyer","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2262446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2262446","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTA large body of literature has examined the cause and treatment of aggressive behavior in prisons, but heterogeneity in the outcome measures used has led to difficulties comparing outcomes across studies. This systematic review aims to identify a Core Outcome Set for measuring aggression in prisons. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they measured aggressive behavior in adult male prisoners, described original research, and were in English. A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL and Cochrane databases to 7 March 2022 was conducted. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 method. The titles and abstracts of 19,619 records were screened, with 641 reports identified for full-text examination. From these reports, 283 studies with a total of 1,402,931 prisoners were included. These studies were predominantly published from 2000 onwards, published in North America, used a cross-sectional design, and included a single method to measure aggressive behavior. The studies most commonly used self-report and official records of misconduct, with staff report and mixed methods less common. Official records of misconduct and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire were identified as possible candidates for inclusion into a Core Outcome Set, but caveats exist around the specificity and sensitivity of these measures.KEYWORDS: PrisonaggressionviolenceCore Outcome SetQUADAS-2 AcknowledgementsCHC would like to acknowledge the University of Wollongong’s writing retreat for Early Career Research program, and Professor Chris Cook for early feedback on this article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Registration and protocol amendmentsThe protocol for this review was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42020185679). The protocol states that the risk of bias will be assessed using COSMIN with adaptations suggested by Jaspers et al. 2019 (doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2018.05.015) but this method was not found to be suitable and the QUADAS-2 was used instead.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2262446.Additional informationFundingCHC is employed in the NHMRC Partnership Grant (GNT1113396).","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136022955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in exonerees: a brief report","authors":"Kathryn A. Thomas, William T. Hoyt","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2270504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2270504","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn the last three decades, there have been 3,248 documented wrongful convictions in the United States, with over 28,000 years served collectively by innocent defendants. Despite the high prevalence of wrongful convictions in the United States, there is a dearth of research examining the psychological impact of wrongful convictions. A total of 74 exonerees, the largest sample of exonerees to-date, completed an online survey designed to investigate the psychological experiences of people who were wrongfully convicted and subsequently exonerated. The study was designed with the goal of gaining a better understanding of the psychological experiences of people who are wrongfully convicted, including the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results revealed that exonerees face high rates of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Specifically, exonerees reported four times higher rates of MDD, seven times higher rates of GAD, and 11 times higher rates of PTSD than the general population. Results from the current study reveal dire rates of mental health disorders in exonerees, suggesting a need for policy reform to improve access to mental health treatment for exonerees.KEYWORDS: Wrongful convictionexonerationmental health symptomstrauma Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study exploring patient experiences of art therapy in a female medium secure unit","authors":"Sharon Rajesh, David Straiton, Maria Fotiadou, Rachel Holden","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2259888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2259888","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This qualitative study is the first evaluation of patient experiences of art therapy within female secure mental health services. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis in 10 patients with severe and enduring mental health conditions in a female medium secure unit in South London. Four themes (expression, connectedness, coping and sense of empowerment) and nine subthemes (the art therapist, the artwork, sense of belonging, building relationships, escapism, managing emotions, control, reflection, and achievement) were identified. These themes demonstrated the participants’ positive personal experiences of art therapy. Our results add to the body of evidence supporting the positive benefits of art therapy within inpatient mental health units. Escapism and achievement were highlighted as important themes that are often less valued in the professional literature. This provides new insight, and contribution that should be considered by clinicians to help to shape the future delivery of art therapy interventions within inpatient mental health settings. We hope this encourages others to study this topic further. Future research may wish to focus on whether there are measurable improvements in wellbeing from art therapy within forensic inpatient care.","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135833257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and personality disorders among incarcerated offenders convicted of impulsive versus premeditated homicide","authors":"Adrianna Jakubowska, Anna Zajenkowska, Carlo Garofalo","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2262440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2262440","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDepression and personality disorders, such as Borderline Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder, have been identified as common factors among homicide offenders. However, existing research often adopts a limited categorical approach and treats homicide offenders as a homogeneous group. In this study, we utilized a dimensional approach to investigate the differences in depression and personality disorders between impulsive and premeditated homicide offenders. A total of 83 homicide offenders, aged 20–74 (45 premeditated and 38 impulsive offenders), from two prisons in Poland participated in the study. They completed three questionnaires assessing depression and personality disorders using both categorical and dimensional approaches. No significant differences were found between the groups, suggesting that type of homicide alone should not guide clinical decision-making. However, premeditated homicide offenders demonstrated relatively higher levels of Detachment and Psychoticism, as well as above cut-off depressive symptoms. These findings tentatively suggest that the Psychoticism and Detachment domains may play an important role in premeditated homicide offenders. Considering the study’s limited sample size and utilization of abbreviated research instruments, a more comprehensive exploration in future studies using refined measures seems warranted. Moreover, the high prevalence of depressive symptoms as well as their associations with PD traits emphasizes the need for future studies to prioritize the investigation of depression within this group.KEYWORDS: Murderhomicidedepressionpersonality disordersinmates Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Notes1. Although responses in SCID are symptom-counts rather than continuous, Pearson’s correlation are reported because significance of its results did not differ from Spearman’s correlation.Additional informationFundingThe study was partially founded by National Science Centre (UMO-2021/42/E/HS6/00018)","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic psychiatry evaluation of criminal law cases at a university hospital in Eastern Turkey","authors":"Cüneyt Ersolak, Hacer Akgül Ceyhun, Esat Fahri Aydin","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2256706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2256706","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the epidemiological distribution of the cases referred to the forensic psychiatric assessments according to the reasons for their referral. The medical files of 214 cases referred to the Forensic-Psychiatry Outpatient-Clinic and forensic reports within the scope of criminal law were reviewed retrospectively. 76% of cases were ‘suspected perpetrators’ who were sent for the purpose of determining criminal responsibility, 9.3% were ‘’mentally disordered victims’, 14% were sent to determine ‘victim developing a mental disorder(MD)’. In our study, it was determined that the majority of the suspected perpetrators were male and in the 20–39 age group. Marriage rates were high in both suspected perpetrator groups with(42.2%) or without(39.9%) of MD. The most common diagnosis of suspected perpetrators was schizophrenia/psychosis. Regarding the group sent as perpetrators, it was found that the rate of intellectual disability(ID) has a high rate of 20.2% among all cases, and the diagnoses of substance use disorder(SUD) and personality disorder(PD)were low. Full criminal responsibility was significantly correlated with age, PD, SUD, and pre-criminal substance use. Logistic regression analysis was determined gender and education can predict the perpetration or victimization of individuals with MD. Our findings show that protective-preventive practices specific to risk groups should be developed for the sociodemographic and clinical differences we detected in the Turkish forensic psychiatry sample. In the process of evaluating whether there is a medical problem in the marriage of patients with schizophrenia, possible harm to the spouse and children of the patient should be considered. We are of the opinion that all MD should be evaluated from the perspective of the implementation of preventive security measures, the focus of which is the state of dangerousness.KEYWORDS: Perpetratorscriminal responsibilityschizophreniapersonality disorderintellectual disability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Motivating Factors in 1,725 Worldwide Cases of Mass Murder Between 1900-2019.","authors":"Gary Brucato, Hannah Hesson, Gabriella Dishy, Kathryn Lee, Tyler Pia, Faizan Syed, Alexandra Villalobos, R Tyler Rogers, Thomas Corbeil, Michael H Stone, Jeffrey A Lieberman, Paul S Appelbaum, Ragy R Girgis","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2208570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2208570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mass murder, particularly mass shootings, constitutes a major, growing public health concern. Specific motivations for these acts are not well understood, often overattributed to severe mental illness. Identifying diverse factors motivating mass murders may facilitate prevention. We examined 1,725 global mass murders from 1900-2019, publicly described in English in print or online. We empirically categorized each into one of ten categories reflecting reported primary motivating factors, which were analyzed across mass murderers generally, as well as between U.S- and non-U.S.-based mass-shooters. Psychosis or disorganization related to mental illness were infrequently motivational factors (166; 9.6%), and were significantly more associated with mass murder committed using methods other than firearms. The vast majority (998, 57.86%) of incidents were impulsive and emotionally-driven, following adverse life circumstances. Most mass murderers prompted by emotional upset were found to be driven by despair or extreme sadness over life events (161, 16.13% within the category); romantic rejection or loss, or severe jealousy (204, 20.44% within the category); some specific non-romantic grudge (212, 21.24% within the category); or explosive, overwhelming rage following a dispute (266, 26.65% within the category). Results suggest that policies seeking to prevent mass murder should focus on criminal history, as well as subacute emotional disturbances not associated with severe mental illness in individuals with poor coping skills who have recently experienced negative life events.</p>","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10435045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10054728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What emotions do male prisoners experience in the lead-up to suicide and violence? A participatory visual method study.","authors":"Laura Hemming,&nbsp;Peer Bhatti,&nbsp;Gillian Haddock,&nbsp;Jennifer Shaw,&nbsp;Daniel Pratt","doi":"10.1080/14789949.2023.2199717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2023.2199717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rates of suicide and violence are higher amongst male prisoners than the general population. This study aimed to explore the emotional experiences of male prisoners in the distal and immediate lead-up to acts of suicide and violence. Nine male prisoners created drawings of their emotions in the lead-up to an act of suicide and/or violence. Accompanying verbal interview data was collected to explore the narrative of these drawings. Polytextual thematic analysis was conducted on both the visual and audio data. Three themes were found. 'The outside picture' depicted the emotions that male prisoners exhibited externally. 'The inside picture' illustrated the internal emotions felt by male prisoners which were often complex and abstract. 'The complexity of the picture' denotes the complicated relationship between emotions and suicide/violence. Male prisoners experience a range of emotions in the lead up to acts of suicide and violence, with a similar set of emotions being experienced immediately prior to both suicide and violence. This study has illustrated the benefits of using a novel and creative methodology, and has demonstrated that future research with male prisoners could benefit from adopting a participatory visual methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":47524,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10281511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10545142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}