FARU Journal最新文献

Fictive home: the politics of urban homemaking of Hijras in Khulna, Bangladesh 虚构的家：孟加拉国库尔纳希吉拉人的城市家政政治

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.254

A. K. Podder, F. B. Shahidullah

{"title":"Fictive home: the politics of urban homemaking of Hijras in Khulna, Bangladesh","authors":"A. K. Podder, F. B. Shahidullah","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.254","url":null,"abstract":"The third gender is an identity-based category for people who do not identify themselves as either male or female. This may include people who do not feel the male or female gender roles that their culture dictates in terms of social, sexual, or gender role preference. The aim of the paper is to investigate the crucial role that the dwelling environments play in the lives of the third gender and their ultimate transformation into and stigmatization as a Hijra. In a context characterized by a lack of social acceptance of the third gender people into mainstream activities, and in the near absence of Government (and NGO) support, particularly toward their rehabilitation and resettlement, the third gender population commonly engages in ‘anti-social’ activities in order to ensure a livelihood. A significant portion of these activities, which can also be viewed as different forms of resistance-mostly absent and ritualistic, however, take place within the confines of their urban dwelling. An investigation into their family structure and household spatial implication, organization of house spaces according to their own notion of publicness-privateness, spatial sequencing, layering and hierarchy, formal articulation of houses and their setting/location to the larger urban fabric hence speak of an apparently novel culture of an undesirable community, where such novelties, as this paper argues, degrade their identity into that of a ‘socially excluded’ Hijra. Such identification and understanding of the negative socio-political-spatial products/processes of Hijra homes hence are expected to provide important feedback to policymaking on devising sustainable ways to construct a positive identity for the so-called ‘Hijra’ population and aid through possible spatial-physical intervention (e.g. housing).","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data-driven framework for analyze the visual quality of streets: A systematic measurement of street quality through street view images utilizing deep learning algorithms 分析街道视觉质量的数据驱动框架：利用深度学习算法，通过街景图像对街道质量进行系统测量

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.255

P. Wickramasinghe, A. B. Jayasinghe

{"title":"Data-driven framework for analyze the visual quality of streets: A systematic measurement of street quality through street view images utilizing deep learning algorithms","authors":"P. Wickramasinghe, A. B. Jayasinghe","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.255","url":null,"abstract":"The study developed a framework that utilizes deep learning algorithms to analyse the visual quality of streets (VQOS) through street view images (SVIs), while overcoming the constraints observed in existing practices. The study consisted of four main stages, including literature reviews and expert discussions, development of deep learning algorithms, testing of developed algorithms, and validation. The study developed both convolutional neural network (CNN) and feed forward neural network (FFNN) algorithms, using 2684 street view images extracted from Google Street View images and Cityscape datasets, rated by an expert panel and the general public. The proposed framework comprises stages such as the collection and rating of street view images, image processing, developing and training the CNN, and testing and validating stages. The proposed framework achieved 90.51% internal validation accuracy using the accuracy metric in Keras and 86.7% external validation accuracy, with an accepted level of kappa accuracy of 80%. Urban planners, designers, architects, and landscape architects can use this framework as a tool for quantitatively measuring and mapping the visual quality of streets and assessing the impact of proposed developments and guidelines on the visual quality of streets. This proposed framework will enhance the effectiveness of their new proposals and designs.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyses of walkability in city centers: a framework to assess Walkabiity based on street conditions, proximity of services & urban morphological conditions 城市中心步行适宜性分析：基于街道条件、服务设施就近性和城市形态条件的步行适宜性评估框架

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.205

S. M. Nissanka, A. B. Jayasinghe

{"title":"Analyses of walkability in city centers: a framework to assess Walkabiity based on street conditions, proximity of services & urban morphological conditions","authors":"S. M. Nissanka, A. B. Jayasinghe","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.205","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies utilized the ‘Walkability Index’ to measure the level of the walkability of cities predominately based on street conditions and road infrastructure availability while giving limited attention to factors such as urban morphological conditions and proximity to activities and services. This study argues that the actual walkability should be calculated by using not only considering the effects of walking conditions on streets but also, considering the urban morphological conditions and the proximity of services. The main objective of the study is to develop a framework to measure walkability in the city centers’ by accessing the multidimensional aspects including walking conditions on streets, density, functional mix, accessibility, and proximity to services. As the main outcomes, the study was able to i. develop a quantitative framework to measure walkability in the city centers’ by considering and combining the multidimensional aspects ii. quantify the level of the walkability of ten small and medium-sized towns in Sri Lanka and rank them. Accordingly, the study concludes that the findings could be beneficial for urban planners as they can effectively quantify the level of walkability in town centers by using the developed framework when developing Site Plans/ Development Guide Plans/ Local Plans. Further planners can utilize this framework to identify the parameters that they need to enhance to improve the walkability of towns.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the effects of built environment on coastal scenery Coastal scenic assessment of the Southern coastal belt of Sri Lanka 调查建筑环境对海岸景观的影响斯里兰卡南部海岸带的海岸景观评估

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.241

G. W. D. Kalhara, I. Rajapaksha

{"title":"Investigating the effects of built environment on coastal scenery Coastal scenic assessment of the Southern coastal belt of Sri Lanka","authors":"G. W. D. Kalhara, I. Rajapaksha","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.241","url":null,"abstract":"Haphazard development of built environment around coastal destinations, has become a thriving factor of scenic degradation; creating long term effects on coastal tourism. Sustainable tourism in coastal regions, must concern about sensitive factors like scenic management, in order to preserve unique coastal scenery and to extract long term benefits of coastal tourism. In a context, where the most scenic coastal sites in Sri Lanka, are rapidly degrading due to mass tourism, the Mediterranean born technique of Coastal Scenic Evaluation System (CSES) was used to evaluate the scenery of four selected sites along the Unawatuna-Rumassala coastline prioritizing the effect of built environment on coastal scenery. Results reveal the coastline portrays classes 4, 3 and 2 of CSES. Site A (Unawatuna beach) with the minimum D value of 0.169 presents Class 4 (Human touched unattractive sites with low landscape values). While, Site B (Cliffy shore) and site D (Jungle beach), belongs to Class 3 (Natural sites with few outstanding features). Site C (Unawatuna view point) which scored the highest D value of 0.708, falls to Class 2 (Attractive natural sites). Further analysis shows that; scenery of site A has been significantly declined due to lower scores obtained for parameters associated with built environment. This site was visually disturbed through built environment factors such as, infra-structural developments, direct and indirect exposure of buildings, contrasting exterior colours, unusual scales of new constructions and constructions in elevated locations. By applying strategic plans and development restrictions the coastal scenery of Site A can be enhanced. Hence, the study proposes far-reaching design implications to rectify coastal scenery of southern coast to promote sustainable coastal tourism.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"131 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138953508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solitude for Urban Dwellers through "Urban Blue Spaces" in Colombo 科伦坡通过 "城市蓝色空间 "为城市居民提供独处空间

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.198

W. D. K. Fonseka, S. Coorey

{"title":"Solitude for Urban Dwellers through \"Urban Blue Spaces\" in Colombo","authors":"W. D. K. Fonseka, S. Coorey","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.198","url":null,"abstract":"Many urban dwellers are suffering from various psychological issues due to the lack of solitude. Previous research has found that Blue Spaces have more potential to promote solitude among people when compared to other natural settings. This is because of the attraction that humans have towards water and the ability of water to trigger restful involuntary attention, which in turn helps to promote solitude. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to identify the characteristics/attributes of Urban Blue Space (UBS) that promotes solitude, in the context of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Three cases namely Mt. Lavinia beach, Diyawanna lake and South West Beira lake are selected and analysed using a mixed method of research such as observations, on-site photographs, questionnaires and unstructured interviews. Findings indicated that physical attributes of water such as fluidity, sound, lighting and accessibility, the physical attributes of space such as being away, extent, soft fascination and compatibility are the factors that mainly contribute to an enhanced experience of solitude among urban dwellers. Site conditions also have an impact to a certain extent, as they help to create favourable settings in which people can seek solitude. These findings will contribute towards better design and management of UBS in the future.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"52 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of effectiveness of disaster risk transfer mechanisms in Sri Lanka 评估斯里兰卡灾害风险转移机制的有效性

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.211

N. Lilackshani

{"title":"Evaluation of effectiveness of disaster risk transfer mechanisms in Sri Lanka","authors":" N. Lilackshani","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.211","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster risk transfer (DRT) has been identified as a key strategy for managing disaster risks and increasing community resilience. However, the effectiveness of DRT mechanisms is questionable due to natural, socioeconomic, and political factors that may limit their implementation. This study focuses on the case of Batticaloa, Sri Lanka, to examine the implementation and effectiveness of DRT options in reducing disaster risk and enhancing community resilience. The study conducted a case study in three selected GNDs in the Batticaloa district to explore the criteria to assess the effectiveness of disaster risk transfer options. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire and key informant interviews to gather the participants' attitudes and perceptions of DRT mechanisms. The study found that lack of awareness, high costs, and limited coverage were major factors hindering participation in DRT programs. There were also different perspectives among participants on the roles of the government and insurance companies in disaster risk management. The research highlights the importance of enhancing accessibility and affordability of DRT options, and active government involvement in managing disaster risks. It provides a valuable understanding of the local challenges of DRT in Sri Lanka, and recommendations for policymakers and practitioners.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"29 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relevance of open space as a “third place” among urban low-income neighborhoods: A study based on Colombo 开放空间作为城市低收入社区 "第三地 "的相关性：基于科伦坡的研究

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.221

K. D. S. Nimashi, J. Dharmasena

{"title":"The relevance of open space as a “third place” among urban low-income neighborhoods: A study based on Colombo","authors":"K. D. S. Nimashi, J. Dharmasena","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.221","url":null,"abstract":"Open spaces in urban low-income settlements are a representation of a diverse socio-spatial landscape that is often neglected during urban development approaches. The loss of adequate open spaces, particularly during vertical resettlements, has resulted in oppressing the chance of continuing the unique social ties among those communities. To better understand the existing open spaces in urban low-income neighbourhoods, this research employs Ray Oldenburg's Third Place Theory, suggesting that they are citizen-initiated, dynamic, and informal gathering places where people tend to attend beyond home (first place) and work (second place). Getting insights from Wekanda in Slave Island, Colombo, the research highlights the physical setting, activities, and user values that are bound with the existing open spaces. In spite of the fact that they have the bare minimum of a fancy outlook, the in-depth analysis demonstrates that alleyways, spaces in-between houses, streets, and vacant lots in Wekanda are significant third places that ensure equal rights to space by providing a homely atmosphere for residents. On the other hand, the research highlights that some designed open spaces, such as small community parks have failed to exhibit expected third place qualities and should further consider their role by addressing user expectations.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"45 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A critique on thermal performance and energy usage in government office buildings in Trincomalee and the need for sustainable retrofitting - a typological analysis 对亭可马里政府办公楼热性能和能源使用情况的评论以及可持续改造的必要性--类型学分析

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.214

N. Harithra, U. Rajapaksha

{"title":"A critique on thermal performance and energy usage in government office buildings in Trincomalee and the need for sustainable retrofitting - a typological analysis","authors":"N. Harithra, U. Rajapaksha","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.214","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings use a large amount of energy during their lifetime and are identified as the main contributors to the increasing energy demand. A proper understanding of the Thermal Performance (TP) parameters can result in a climate-responsive design and reduce indoor overheating. In the construction field, sustainable retrofitting is identified as another important field of research, where new technologies can be introduced to the existing built environment and enhance their efficiency. This paper mainly focuses on how different building typologies of the existing public office buildings are contributing to inefficient TP and energy usage, and how sustainable retrofitting can help to improve their energy performances. 27 existing public office buildings in urban and suburban areas in Trincomalee, were selected for the typology analysis, and with special attention to plan form, one case study under spread-out plan form was selected. The TP of the building was investigated through an on-site Thermal Performance Investigation and Computational Simulation (CS) process. It is proposed that the energy required for cooling a building can be reduced if efficient sustainable retrofitting design strategies can be used to improve the TP. The outcome is beneficial in the formulation of design guidelines for new and existing buildings.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a definition for lean construction maturity models through a PRISMA systematic literature review 通过 PRISMA 系统文献综述制定精益建造成熟度模型的定义

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.253

J. Jayanetti, B. A. K. S. Perera, K. G. A. S. Waidyasekara

{"title":"Developing a definition for lean construction maturity models through a PRISMA systematic literature review","authors":"J. Jayanetti, B. A. K. S. Perera, K. G. A. S. Waidyasekara","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.253","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry faces challenges in achieving efficiency, which has led to the adoption of Lean Construction principles. Defining a Lean Maturity Model specific to the construction context is essential for effectively implementing Lean principles. Prevailing evidence presents a significant gap in the existing literature regarding a consolidated and practically oriented definition of a Lean Construction Maturity Model (LCMM). While various frameworks have been proposed, there is a lack of consensus and a need for a unified understanding of Lean construction maturity. Thus, the paper is aimed at developing a definition for LCMMs through a systematic literature review using the PRISMA technique. The findings were analysed using the thematic analysis method. As per findings, a new definition was developed identifying nine key themes and corresponding sub-themes.As a theoretical contribution, this paper fills the existing literature gap by providing a precise and comprehensive definition. From an industry perspective, this makes a significant practical contribution to construction practitioners and policymakers by enabling organizations to assess their lean maturity level, identify areas for improvement, and strategically plan their lean transformation journey. The paper contributes to societal advancements by promoting efficiency, productivity, and sustainability in the construction industry through improving lean construction practices.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empower communities: Integrating scientific and stakeholder-based knowledge to simulate future urban growth scenarios using advanced technology for built-form simulation 增强社区能力：整合科学知识和基于利益相关者的知识，利用先进的建筑形态模拟技术模拟未来的城市增长情景

FARU Journal Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4038/faruj.v10i2.248

F. Hasan, A. Jayasinghe

{"title":"Empower communities: Integrating scientific and stakeholder-based knowledge to simulate future urban growth scenarios using advanced technology for built-form simulation","authors":"F. Hasan, A. Jayasinghe","doi":"10.4038/faruj.v10i2.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/faruj.v10i2.248","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the possibility of equipping communities with the knowledge, skills, and resources necessary to speed up the implementation of sustainable practices. The goal is to model urbanization by soliciting feedback from different stakeholders within the community. The main objective of this study is to determine how community engagement influences the rate at which sustainability efforts progress in simulation. The research uses a participatory methodology, including stakeholder interviews, meetings, and conversations. The research was conducted in Kurunegala and consisted of three primary phases: framework development, effectiveness testing, and lesson documentation. The framework entailed establishing the computational region, designating predictors, evaluating sub-models, constructing scenarios, and evaluating results. Using CA-Markov cellular automata, agent-based modeling (Net-Logo), the Cellular Automata Python model, and MOLUSCE-QGIS, the study modified the FUTURES model to incorporate stakeholder-based knowledge into urban growth modeling. This study emphasizes the need for bottom-up strategies to achieve long-term sustainability by recognizing the worth of community involvement. When stakeholders in a community are given the opportunity they need to succeed, they are more likely to develop into advocates of transformation and supporters of sustainability initiatives.","PeriodicalId":475080,"journal":{"name":"FARU Journal","volume":"54 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0