Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback最新文献

{"title":"The Turkish Version of the Self Evaluation of Breathing Questionnaire: Cross-cultural Adaptation, Validity and Reliability","authors":"Kübra Ataş,&nbsp;Erhan Kızmaz,&nbsp;Ebru Kaya Mutlu","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09726-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09726-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigating the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Breathing Self-Assessment Questionnaire (SEBQ), a tool for measuring dysfunctional breathing. Ninety-two healthy adults (mean (range) age 29.4 (19–56) years; 39 males) were analysed. The SEBQ was translated and adapted into Turkish. At baseline, data were collected using the SEBQ, Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ), breath-holding time, and Short Form 36 (SF-36). The SEBQ was repeated within 7–14 days. SEBQ validity was assessed through content, structural, and convergent/divergent validity analyses, while reliability was evaluated for internal consistency, stability, and reproducibility. One item was removed based on exploratory factor analysis. The SEBQ has a two-factor structure and explains 50.1% of total variance, confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. It has a positive correlation with the NQ and a negative correlation with SF-36 subscales, but not with breath-holding time and general health. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.931, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.814. The Standard Error of Measurement and Smallest Real Difference were 5.06 and 15.03, respectively. The SEBQ is well-structured, valid, internally consistent, stable, and reproducible for assessing subjective unexplained respiratory symptoms in the Turkish population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"189 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Pilot Mental Workload During Flights Without PAPI Lights Using a Wearable Device","authors":"Chuang Liu,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhang,&nbsp;Wenbing Zhu,&nbsp;Shuaitao Jiao,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Rongbing Xu,&nbsp;Yaowei Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09729-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09729-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Measuring pilot mental workload during flights without Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) lights is crucial for enhancing flight safety. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the absence of PAPI lights on pilot mental workload during approach and landing. Sixteen cadet pilots with real flight experience participated in simulated flight scenarios with and without PAPI lights, using a Polar Verity Sense to monitor cardiac activity. The statistical analysis results indicated that the absence of PAPI lights significantly increased pilot mental workload. Instructor ratings confirmed that the absence of PAPI lights adversely affected the accuracy of the descent trajectory, leading to greater deviations. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis revealed that specific features—SDNN, CVNNI, STD_HR, MIN_HR, and SD2—were particularly sensitive to changes in pilot mental workload. Increased mental workload was associated with a significant increase in MIN_HR and a significant decrease in the other four HRV features. Correlation analysis further identified TOTAL_POWER and RATIO_SD2_SD1 as effective indicators of pilot mental workload. These findings underscore the impact of visual guidance cues on pilot mental workload and demonstrate the value of HRV-based monitoring for assessing pilot mental workload in challenging flight scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 2","pages":"235 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Excessive Arousing Video Gaming on vmHRV During Sleep in Habitual Gamers","authors":"André Alesi,&nbsp;Kristina Klier,&nbsp;Benedict Herhaus,&nbsp;Klara Brixius,&nbsp;Ingo Froböse,&nbsp;Matthias Wagner,&nbsp;Katja Petrowski","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09723-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09723-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the impact of highly arousing video gaming compared to passive digital media consumption on vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) and heart rate (HR) during subsequent sleep in healthy young men. Using a randomized, counterbalanced within-subject design, 31 habitual gamers (mean age: 23 years; BMI: 25.68; gaming experience: 8.69 years; daily gaming time: 1.96 h) alternated between two conditions: 120 min of evening video gaming or watching a nature film of equivalent duration, on two consecutive days per condition. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data collected during sleep revealed that while both conditions were associated with an increase in vmHRV, indicative of parasympathetic recovery, this increase was significantly greater following the film condition (RMSSD: t(446.1) = 2.05, <i>p</i> = 0.04; HF-HRV: t(446.1) = 2.00, <i>p</i> = 0.05). The marginal R² values (RMSSD: 0.051, HF-HRV: 0.042) indicate that while the effect is present, it is moderate. No significant differences in HR were detected between conditions, supporting the idea that vmHRV is a more sensitive marker of autonomic modulation than HR. These findings underscore the potential of evening digital activity to modulate autonomic recovery processes. Specifically, highly stimulating gaming may impede parasympathetic activation, compared to the restorative effects of passive media consumption. This study contributes to the understanding of physiological responses to digital engagement and highlights the importance of mindful pre-sleep activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"169 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Yoga Practice on Health, Strength, and Respiratory Capacity in Portuguese Airforce Pilots: an Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback Approach","authors":"Sara Santos,&nbsp;Santos Villafaina,&nbsp;José Alberto Parraca,&nbsp;Orlando Fernandes,&nbsp;Filipe Melo","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09719-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09719-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> Top performance in military aviation relies on strong health. Handgrip strength is key, showing overall strength and work capacity. Since rarefied air affects focus and mission success, respiratory training is essential. The impact of Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga on Portuguese Air Force Academy pilots from the 2021 and 2022 classes was assessed, aiming to enhance health, lung capacity, and strength. A randomized controlled trial involved 18 individuals from the \"Masters in Military Aeronautics: aviator pilot specialist\". Participants were randomly assigned to yoga classes (intervention n=10) or a waiting list (control n=8). General health, strength, and respiratory capacity were measured using SF-36 questionnaire, a hand-grip dynamometer, and a spirometer, respectively, before and after a 12-week yoga program. Parametric and non-parametric tests were conducted using Jamovi (version 2.3.26). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05821270, registered on April 19, 2023.Revealed significant within-group differences pre- vs post-intervention for general health, handgrip strength, and FEV1%. There was a significant difference between groups for lung capacity.Yoga participants showcased superior results versus controls, suggesting yoga's positive impact. The yoga protocol, in conjunction with military training, positively affected health, strength, and lung performance, highlighting its operational benefits even in highly trained individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"91 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a Single-Session Electrodermal Biofeedback Intervention for State Anxiety","authors":"Peter Dobo,&nbsp;Krisztian Kasos","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09720-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09720-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anxiety—a prevalent mental health issue—is on the rise, leading to physical health problems, burnout, and societal challenges. Technological advances and limited mental health care have driven individuals toward self-monitoring devices, with biofeedback emerging as a key method for emotional regulation. Electrodermal biofeedback—though widely used—has shown mixed results in stress and anxiety management. Moreover, measurement sites for self-monitoring devices tend to be non-traditional sites such as the wrist. This study aims to assess the feasibility of a one-time electrodermal biofeedback session on state anxiety and evaluate the wrist as a viable feedback site. A randomized controlled primary study (<i>N</i> = 110) and a follow-up study (<i>N</i>  = 39) to confirm the results of the first study were conducted. Participants were randomized into control, feedback from fingers and feedback from the wrists conditions followed by a 10-min biofeedback session. Our results confirm the efficacy of a 10-min biofeedback session on self-reported state anxiety and skin conductance level, response amplitude and the number of non-specific responses. We found no significant differences between feedback received from the wrists, and feedback from the fingers. Additionally, our findings suggest that skin conductance level, response amplitude and the number of non-specific responses do not show a clear relationship with self-reported anxiety. In conclusion, there is evidence of feasibility of electrodermal biofeedback in managing state anxiety, and the wrist shows promise to be a viable site for biofeedback in anxiety management. Future research should explore the interactions between electrodermal activity and self-reported measures of anxiety to optimize biofeedback interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"119 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12920711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety Before and During Music Stage Performance: Monitoring and Coping Strategies with Innovative Biofeedback Techniques","authors":"Wei Sun","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09722-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09722-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study addressed the necessity for effective interventions aimed at reducing performance anxiety—a critical variable influencing the quality of musical performance. The primary objective of the research was to evaluate the impact of a structured biofeedback-based training program designed to enhance music students’ capacity for self-regulation and adaptation to performance-related stress. The research employed the Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory (K-MPAI, Chinese version) and the Music Performance Quality Scale (MPQ) to assess changes in anxiety levels and performance outcomes. Participants in the biofeedback training program demonstrated significant reductions in K-MPAI subscale scores: “Anxiety/Fear” (− 21.8%), “Depression/Hopelessness” (− 36.5%), “Proximal Somatic Anxiety” (− 41.6%), “Memory” (− 32.1%), and “Worry” (− 32.3%). Physiological indicators corroborated these findings, revealing marked improvements in heart rate variability (RMSSD: + 56%, <i>p</i> = 0.0002) and electromyographic relaxation (EMG amplitude: − 36%, <i>p</i> = 0.0013) among participants in the experimental group. Notably, MPQ scores increased by an average of 7.82 points in the experimental group, indicating that the reduction in performance anxiety through biofeedback techniques positively influenced the quality of musical execution. The results suggest that integrating biofeedback interventions into music education curricula may serve as an effective neurophysiological approach to optimizing both psychological resilience and performance quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"105 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Interactive Virtual Reality Mindfulness Training with Real-Time Biofeedback for Anxiety Reduction: A Pilot Study","authors":"Qiuxia Xu,&nbsp;Yingqi Gu,&nbsp;Xizhe Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09718-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR)-enhanced mindfulness training have demonstrated efficacy in reducing anxiety, particularly among novice practitioners and university students. However, existing VR mindfulness interventions predominantly rely on static natural environments without incorporating interactive elements, limiting their capacity to engage users dynamically. To address this gap, this study introduces an innovative interactive VR mindfulness system, where real-time heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback dynamically modulates the virtual environment (e.g., fog dissipation, auditory cues, and visual transformations), creating a responsive and immersive experience. We investigated the effects of a single five-minute interactive VR mindfulness session on anxiety, mindfulness states, and HRV, compared to traditional audio-based mindfulness and an non-intervention control. Seventy-five university students with recent anxiety symptoms were randomized into three groups: interactive VR mindfulness (VR-MG), traditional mindfulness (MG), and control (CG). Prior to and following the five-minute intervention, anxiety, mindfulness levels, and physiological data (HRV) were measured for all three groups, with repeated measures analysis of variance performed. The results showed that the five-minute VR mindfulness interactive training significantly improved participants’ anxiety levels, enhanced their mindfulness states, and effectively increased HRV, whereas traditional mindfulness and control conditions showed no significant HRV changes. Overall, this study indicates that brief VR mindfulness interactive training has significant effects on improving anxiety and mindfulness states, as well as enhancing HRV, highlighting its potential for psychological health interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"153 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Canonical Correlation Approach Towards Identifying Latent Neurofeedback Responses in Patients with Schizophrenia","authors":"I-Wei Shu,&nbsp;Yayu Lin,&nbsp;Imani Beckett,&nbsp;Michael L. Thomas,&nbsp;Steven D. Edland,&nbsp;Eric L. Granholm,&nbsp;Fiza Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09716-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09716-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patients with schizophrenia exhibit frontal gamma dysregulation, and associated impairments in cognitive function. To improve self regulation of frontal gamma activity, we designed a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial to test a novel neurofeedback (NFB) protocol, which rewards active maintenance of current or higher levels of frontal gamma coherence (gcoh-NFB). We report here unique treatment responses among participants with high versus low baseline working memory (WM) function. At baseline, among All participants, greater gamma dysregulation (higher resting gcoh) positively correlated with greater WM impairment. Among Active participants, completing gcoh-NFB training lowered the elevated baseline gcoh in participants with lower baseline WM function, and, conversely, increased the relatively lower baseline gcoh in participants with higher baseline WM function. In contrast, completing placebo-NFB produced no gcoh changes, regardless of baseline WM function. Compared to Placebo participants, all Active participants exhibited improved WM with training. The differing gcoh responses to NFB among Active participants suggested multiple neurophysiologic and WM responses during treatment. We selected canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to further evaluate potential latent and divergent responses. CCA identified two statistically significant canonical components; the stronger component representing the expected positive interactions between training-related WM responses, and the weaker component representing diverging interactions between training-related NFB and WM responses. Coefficients for the stronger (but not the weaker) component efficiently separated participants into distinct clusters with high, versus low, baseline WM, suggesting this response as the primary driver of divergent yet equally therapeutic effects observed for patients with low or high baseline WM function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"50 on","pages":"569 - 580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofeedback and Brain–Computer Interface-Based Methods for Post-stroke Rehabilitation","authors":"Estate Sokhadze","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09715-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09715-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stroke has been identified as a major public health concern and one of the leading causes contributing to long-term neurological disability. People suffering from stroke often present with upper limb paralysis impacting their quality of life and ability to work. Motor impairments in the upper limb represent the most prevalent symptoms in stroke sufferers. There is a need to develop novel intervention strategies that can be used as stand-alone techniques or combined with current gold standard post-stroke rehabilitation procedures. There was reported evidence about the utility of rehabilitation protocols with motor imagery (MI) used either alone or in combination with physical therapy resulting in enhancement of post-stroke functional recovery of paralyzed limbs. Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) and EEG neurofeedback (NFB) training can be considered as novel technologies to be used in conjunction with MI and motor attempt (MA) to enable direct translation of EEG induced by imagery or attempted movement to arrange training that has potential to enhance functional motor recovery of upper limbs after stroke. There are reported several controlled trials and multiple cases series that have shown that stroke patients are able to learn modulation of their EEG sensorimotor rhythm in BCI mode to control external devices, including exoskeletons, prosthetics, and such interventions were shown promise in facilitation of recovery in stroke sufferers. A review of the literature suggests there has been significant progress in the development of new methods for post-stroke rehabilitation procedures. There are reviewed findings supportive of NFB and BCI methods as evidence-based treatment for post-stroke motor function recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"50 on","pages":"581 - 592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG Connectivity as Predictor of ICAN ADHD Children’s Improvement After Completion of Theta Beta Ratio Neurofeedback: Machine Learning Analyses","authors":"Cynthia Kerson,&nbsp;Maha Yazbeck,&nbsp;Behnoosh Shahsavaripoor,&nbsp;Rebekah Walker,&nbsp;Phoebe Manalang-Monnier,&nbsp;Theodore Allen,&nbsp;L. Eugene Arnold,&nbsp;Joel Lubar","doi":"10.1007/s10484-025-09713-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10484-025-09713-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a prevalent syndrome that costs billions of dollars annually. Finding meaningful interventions based upon predictive baseline EEG values can reduce uncertainty in symptom remediation. This study aims to deepen the understanding of ADHD neurophysiology and contribute to the development of personalized approaches in its treatment. This study retrospectively assessed EEG connectivity of participants in the International Collaborative ADHD Neurofeedback (ICAN) randomized controlled trial (7-10YO, <i>N</i> = 83) of theta/beta ratio neurofeedback (TBR-NFB). Using machine learning, it examined the relationship between inattention improvement on the Conners’ Teacher and Parent Rating Scales (CTPRS) and specific baseline frequency connections within networks relevant to ADHD to find predictors of clinical improvement. Analyses were also performed considering specific comorbidities, slow cognitive tempo, ADHD presentation, pre-to-post network changes, and treatment group. Dysregulation in the ventral and dorsal attention networks, and delta and hibeta frequency bands throughout all networks were the strongest baseline connectivity predictors of clinical improvement on the CTPRS. The connectivity patterns predicting improvement differed significantly between active NFB and control. Other findings included predictors of improvements in EEG connectivity dysregulations, demographics, and connectivity patterns of comorbidity. Machine learning algorithms identified EEG features in connectivity, network, and frequency to assess when considering ADHD interventions. There was evidence, albeit weak, that the EEG features we studied predicted improvement with the ICAN TBR-NFB protocol. When considering interventions for ADHD symptoms, a multi-channel EEG evaluation that focuses on specific brain connectivity patterns may offer insight into treatment choice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":47506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback","volume":"51 1","pages":"49 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}