BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Adverse events associated with local anaesthetic use in musculoskeletal injection therapy: a scoping review.","authors":"Joe Palmer, Manasi Wangikar, Omisha Narsinghani, Sakina Bhopalwala, Adithya Rai, Dario Sanchez Bracero","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a leading cause of disability worldwide and account for a substantial proportion of healthcare utilisation. Injection therapy combining corticosteroids with local anaesthetic (LA) is widely used for MSD management, including within physiotherapy practice. Despite widespread use, uncertainty remains regarding the safety profile of LAs and the potential risk of adverse events.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map the available evidence on adverse events and associated risk factors following local anaesthetic use in the management of musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed and Cochrane were searched from database inception to 2025, alongside targeted grey literature searching. Studies reporting adverse effects of LAs administered for musculoskeletal conditions within physiotherapy scope of practice were included. Data were extracted by multiple reviewers and synthesised thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>39 sources were included. Cytotoxicity, particularly chondrotoxicity, was the most frequently reported adverse effect, appearing in 74% of included sources. Evidence indicated reduced chondrocyte viability, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis following exposure to commonly used agents such as lidocaine and bupivacaine. Systemic toxicity, allergic reactions and psychogenic responses were reported less frequently. Key risk factors included higher dose or concentration, prolonged exposure duration, continuous intra-articular infusion, patient comorbidities and accidental intravascular injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence on adverse effects of LA use in MSD management is heterogeneous but consistently highlights cytotoxicity as a potential concern. Further clinical research is required to quantify risk and guide safer injection practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"e003351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isometric exercise training and blood pressure control: exploring the dose-response to training frequency in a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Harry T Swift, Charles Pedlar, Damian A Coleman, John P Buckley, Jonathan D Wiles","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isometric exercise training (IET) is a time-efficient intervention that consistently demonstrates clinically meaningful reductions in resting blood pressure (BP). The optimal frequency required to maintain these benefits has not been established. This study aimed to (1) examine the dose-response relationship between training frequency and the maintenance of BP reductions following an initial 4-week IET period and (2) investigate the physiological mechanisms underpinning any observed changes in BP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults (n=100) with normal to high-normal BP were randomised into five groups: 3×, 2×, 1× or 0× IET sessions/week following an initial 4-week lower-body IET protocol (3×/week), or control. Haemodynamic and cardiac autonomic variables, including resting BP, total peripheral resistance (TPR), heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) were assessed at baseline, following the initial intervention (week 4), and following the maintenance period (week 8).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All intervention groups showed significant reductions in systolic BP (sBP), diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) after 4 weeks compared with control (-9.45±6.69 mm Hg, p<0.001, -5.47±9.92 mm Hg, p=0.007 and -6.80±7.77 mm Hg, p<0.001, respectively). At week 8, the 1×, 2× and 3×/week groups maintained sBP and MAP reductions, although the magnitude of these reductions was significantly greater in the 3×/week group (p<0.001). The 0×/week group showed reversal of BP reductions to levels not significantly different from control. Only the 3×/week group maintained improvements in TPR, HRV and BRS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A reduction in IET frequency to 1-2 sessions per week can partially attenuate the rate at which BP adaptations regress during short-term reductions in training frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From 'My world fell apart' to 'The best thing that happened in my life': elite athletes' longitudinal journeys after an injury.","authors":"Caroline Bolling, Richard Weiler, Jonathan T Finnoff, Gino Mmj Kerkhoffs, Jonahnnes L Tol, Kay M Crossley, Francesco Della Villa, Vincent Gouttebarge, Evert Verhagen","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the perspectives of elite athletes diagnosed with an injury requiring a minimum of 4 months of rehabilitation based on the health professional's prognosis. Through a longitudinal phenomenological design, we captured perceptions and experiences of elite athletes from different sports, countries and injury types following major injury. Athletes were interviewed at different stages of the return to sport process (from early rehabilitation to return to performance), resulting in a total of 31 interviews analysed using longitudinal interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three overarching journey phases were identified. (1) The Rough Start was characterised by uncertainty about the future, loss of athletic identity, emotional distress and feelings of isolation as athletes adjusted to injury. (2) The Roller coaster rehab reflected emotional fluctuations, small achievements and setbacks, the influence of previous injury experiences, the importance of support systems and challenges related to communication with health professionals. (3) The Journey's End involved athletes feeling like athletes again, experiencing a sense of accomplishment and reflecting on personal growth. During this phase, some athletes reassessed priorities or made decisions about career transitions. The final steps towards return to performance were often shaped by factors beyond athletes' control, including team dynamics, competition opportunities and organisational decisions. Despite shared themes, athletes' narratives showed substantial variability. This study provides in-depth insight into how athletes' journeys are non-linear and highly individual. It highlights the importance of flexible, athlete-centred care that values communication, individual responses to injury and the wider sporting and career context, rather than relying solely on standardised protocols or physical criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hamstring muscle injury rehabilitation in sports: a scoping review.","authors":"Aïda Cadellans-Arróniz, Caroline Prince, Spyridon Iatropoulos, Jurdan Mendiguchia, Kenny Guex, Jean-Benoît Morin, Alexandre Rambaud, Pascal Edouard","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003110","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the methodological characteristics and content of published hamstring muscle injury (HMI) rehabilitation programmes in order to inform clinical practice and guide future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases, on October 2024, using key terms \"hamstring\" and \"rehabilitation\", with strategies refined after a preliminary search. Eligible studies included English-language publications involving non-surgically managed acute HMI in humans and reporting rehabilitation protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 137 articles. Primary research (43.1%, n=59) included mostly cohort and randomised controlled trials (RCTs); secondary research articles (54.0%, n=74) were predominantly narrative reviews. Overall, 54.7% of studies had a low level of evidence. Only 44.2% of primary research focused on HMI rehabilitation programmes of which 47.8% were RCTs. Rehabilitation programme details were often missing. In the subacute/functional phases, strengthening (78.3%) and stretching (55.6%) were most frequently reported. Return-to-sport criteria were reported in only 43.5% of primary research, often based on pain resolution. Across both primary and secondary research, 40 different rehabilitation strategies were identified, with the most frequently reported being eccentric-based strengthening, flexibility exercises, progressive running and agility protocols. Key gaps included lack of standardisation, under-reporting of programme parameters and limited inclusion of diverse sporting populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current scientific literature on HMI rehabilitation programmes shows wide variety, limited high-level evidence primary research and under-reporting of key clinical details. More rigorous and inclusive studies are needed to improve the standardisation and clinical applicability of rehabilitation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-field rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament injury in contact team sports: a scoping review of exercises, progression and key principles.","authors":"Anne Fältström, Timmy Gustafsson, Anna Hermansen, Sofi Sonesson","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003344","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To map and summarise the existing scientific literature on on-field rehabilitation (OFR) exercises, progression and principles supporting athletes' return to contact team sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Scoping review.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, Scopus and Embase Library were searched in April 2025.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: </strong>Sources of any design published between 2010 and 2025 that described or evaluated OFR for athletes returning to contact team sports after ACL injury or reconstruction, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines; studies involving athletes of any age, sex or competition level were eligible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search identified 6880 records; 38 sources met the inclusion criteria. Most sources were descriptive and focused predominantly on football, with limited representation of basketball, rugby and ice hockey. OFR was commonly described using multistage (2-5 steps) frameworks progressing from linear running and controlled drills to multidirectional movements, sport-specific skills and practice simulations. Progression was primarily criterion-based rather than time-based, guided by minimal pain or swelling, restored knee range of motion, adequate strength and limb symmetry, and tolerance to running loads. Several articles applied the control-chaos continuum. Collaboration between physiotherapists, coaches and athletes was emphasised, although roles, responsibilities and organisational structures were rarely described.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current OFR literature after ACL injury is largely descriptive, emphasising staged, criterion-based progression and multidisciplinary collaboration. However, actionable guidance on roles, responsibilities and organisational structures is minimal, underscoring the need for empirical studies to establish and evaluate standardised OFR practices.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>10.17605/OSF.IO/T6UN2.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of revised physical activity guidelines on children and adolescents: an analysis of large Australian and New Zealand studies.","authors":"Adrian Bauman, Katherine Owen, Janette L Smith, Luke Wolfenden, Nicole Nathan, Justin Richards","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-003119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Around 80% of children/adolescents globally do not meet recommended levels of physical activity (PA). The 2020 WHO consensus updated PA guidelines, changing from '60 minutes of PA/day' to at least 'an average of 60 min/day'. This means that attaining 420 min/week expresses the minimum threshold for PA.This analysis examined the effects of the changed guidelines on children/adolescents meeting PA guidelines. A coprimary research question examines single-item PA questions to determine the number of days of 60 min of activity that best reflect meeting the new PA guideline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from five population-level Australian and New Zealand surveys (two representative population surveillance datasets and three large community interventions). PA questions included the single item question (days/week of 60 min) and detailed PA measures including International Physical Activity Questionnaire-adolescent questions. The single-item analysis used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to identify the best fit between the single-item and more extensive PA measures (maximising sensitivity and specificity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion meeting the old PA guidelines ranged from 28-55%, compared with 35-84% meeting the new guideline (average absolute increase of 26.2%). ROC analysis described areas under the ROC curve between 0.728 and 0.907. The best fit (Youden's Index >0.5) was 4-5 days/week where the single item best classified children and adolescents meeting the new guideline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new guideline classified 26% more children and adolescents meeting updated PA guidelines. National research reports should use updated PA guideline criteria, and for surveillance, 4-5 reported days/week on the single PA question best estimates meeting the PA guideline threshold.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13475078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parents' and guardians' attitudes, beliefs and behaviours towards injury and injury prevention within adolescent female rugby union in England.","authors":"Gemma Knight, Liam Colbert, Omar Heyward, Ben Jones, Carolyn Emery, Simon Roberts, Keith Stokes, Stephen W West","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>During adolescence, parents and guardians can play an important role in shaping their child's attitudes, beliefs and behaviours. Yet research examining their beliefs and behaviours regarding injury and prevention within adolescent female rugby union is limited. The primary aim of the study was to identify attitudes, beliefs and behaviours towards injury and injury prevention among parents and guardians of adolescent female rugby players, including subgroup differences. The second aim was to examine how attitudes and beliefs aligned among parents and guardians and the players (their child).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents and guardians of adolescent female rugby players were recruited from under-16 and under-18 rugby schools/colleges, clubs, and regional talent pathways teams and asked to complete an online cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and eighty-five parents and guardians responded to the survey; 144 parents and guardians and players (their child) completed their respective surveys. Fifty-four per cent believed it was 'possible to prevent some rugby injuries'. Understanding of equipment effectiveness varied; 12% agreed that wearing a scrum cap could prevent concussions. Agreement between parent and guardian and player responses to statements regarding injury and injury prevention varied; Gwet's AC ranged from almost perfect agreement (0.8-1) to fair agreement (0.21-0.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study advances understanding of parents' and guardians' attitudes, beliefs and behaviours regarding injury and injury prevention in adolescent female rugby, showing generally safe practices while highlighting notable gaps that constrain effective injury management. Addressing these gaps offers a practical route to improving the consistency of parents' and guardians' safeguarding players' welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13475107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends in sports and exercise participation: a study in a population-representative sample of 96 948 European Union adults.","authors":"Aamir Raoof Memon, Jerome N Rachele, Jozo Grgic, Tena Matolic, Danijel Jurakic, Zeljko Pedisic","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002922","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine temporal trends in sports and exercise participation frequency among European Union adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed Eurobarometer survey data collected among 96 948 adults from 26 European Union countries in 2009, 2013, 2017 and 2022. Self-reported frequency of sports and exercise participation was categorised as: 'never', 'less than once a month', 'monthly' (1-3 times per month) and 'weekly' (at least once a week). Multilevel ordinal logistic regression was used to analyse trends in sports and exercise participation frequency for the overall sample and by gender, age, marital status, employment, place of residence, number of household members and country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of no participation in sports and exercise increased from 41.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 40.6% to 42.7%) in 2009 to 45.8% (95% CI 44.8% to 46.8%) in 2022. The frequency of sports and exercise participation decreased from 2009 (reference year) to 2017 (adjusted odds ratio [OR] for 2013=0.96; 95% CI 0.92 to 0.99; OR for 2017=0.87; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.91) and then increased in 2022 (OR=0.92; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.95), suggesting a U-shaped trend (p<0.001). The most concerning trends were found for females, middle-aged adults, those living alone, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Portugal and Sweden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The persistently high prevalence of no sports participation highlights the need to strengthen the promotion of sports and exercise in the European Union. The focus should be on the population groups and countries with declining frequency of sports and exercise participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e002922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13475083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivering injury prevention strategies in police force recruit training: identification of organisational implementation responsibilities.","authors":"Myles C Murphy, Dana Hince, Garth Allen, Caroline Bolling, Simon Breheny, Andrea Bruder, Jonathan Hodgson, Joanne Kemp, Debra Langridge, James R McKee, Sophia Nimphius, Vanessa R Sutton, Bruna Tessarin, Evert Verhagen, Andrea B Mosler","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003331","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To reduce injury burden among police recruits we must identify who is responsible for implementing prevention strategies. Using a novel methodology, we aimed to examine the perspectives of police force recruits and staff to determine who they perceived to be responsible to implement important injury prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study co-designed by our broader consumer, industry and research advisory groups. Five data collection sessions were conducted, involving a total of nine separate groups; analyses were performed by group rather than at the individual level. Groups were clustered by organisational role: management (n=2 groups), training delivery (n=3 groups) and recruits (n=4 groups). Participants allocated 57 previously identified important injury prevention strategies to the group(s) ((1) recruits, (2) training delivery, (3) management) responsible for implementing each strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants identified almost three-quarters of prevention strategies required shared responsibility among recruits, training delivery staff and/or management. No strategies were considered the sole responsibility of recruits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research demonstrated that while recruits must take ownership and responsibility for some aspects of their training no prevention priority areas are the sole responsibility of recruits. Thus, recruit injury prevention must be implemented by recruits, training delivery staff and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13448528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of an international continuing health professions education programme in sports medicine: a process evaluation.","authors":"Faten Smiley, H Paul Dijkstra, Abdulaziz Farooq, Evert Verhagen, Femke van Nassau","doi":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003249","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjsem-2026-003249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe and evaluate the implementation and outcomes of a targeted health professions education (HPE) programme. Aspetar Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Hospital's accredited education programme targets a global health professions audience-those working at the hospital, those employed to provide services at all Qatar's sports clubs and federations and those from the region and globally.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A descriptive process evaluation using routinely collected survey data from accredited continuing professional development (CPD) activities in Aspetar between 2017 and 2023. The evaluation was structured by the RE-AIM framework which evaluates a program across the five dimensions: Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 420 accredited CPD activities were completed and attended by 50 772 professionals. A total of 13 557 feedback survey responses were collected during the first accreditation cycle of the HPE programme (2017-2023). The HPE programme demonstrated a steady increase in reach over time, received positive effectiveness ratings and demonstrated a steady increase in attendance rate highlighting successful implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Applying the RE-AIM framework highlighted key strengths in the reach, effectiveness and implementation of the Aspetar HPE programme. Overall reach was satisfactory; effectiveness was evident through perceived improvement in clinical performance and implementation through continuous learning over time. Although not all framework dimensions were applicable to our study, our findings could inform efforts to further improve the HPE programme, serve as a model for similar education programmes elsewhere and bolster healthcare services and patient outcomes in sports medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":47417,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"e003249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}