Second Language Research最新文献_第8页

From one language to the other: Examining the role of code-switching on vocabulary learning in adult second-language learners 从一种语言到另一种语言：考察代码转换在成年第二语言学习者词汇学习中的作用

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221113334

Mackensie Blair, G. Morini

{"title":"From one language to the other: Examining the role of code-switching on vocabulary learning in adult second-language learners","authors":"Mackensie Blair, G. Morini","doi":"10.1177/02676583221113334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221113334","url":null,"abstract":"The present work examines the impact of code-switching (CS) on novel word learning in adult second language (L2) learners of Spanish. Participants completed two sessions (1–3 days apart). In the first session, they were taught 32 nonwords corresponding to novel creatures. Training occurred across 4 conditions: (1) a sentence in English only, (2) a sentence in Spanish only (the L2), (3) a sentence that contained CS from Spanish-to-English, (4) a sentence that contained CS from English-to-Spanish. Immediately after training, participants were tested on their ability to identify the newly trained words using a looking-while-listening paradigm in which videos of participants’ looking patterns were collected remotely via Zoom. In the second session, re-testing of the trained words was completed. In the first session, training in the English-only condition led to better initial learning compared to the other conditions. In the second session, the English-only condition still had the highest accuracy, but performance in the two CS conditions was significantly better compared to the Spanish-only condition. These findings suggest that CS during vocabulary training may aid the retention of newly acquired word-object relations in the L2, compared to when training occurs entirely in the L2. This work has important implications for theories of L2 acquisition and can inform instruction practices in L2 classrooms.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44160535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Processing gender agreement in an additional language: The more languages the better? 用另一种语言处理性别协议：语言越多越好？

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221113333

Kamil Długosz

{"title":"Processing gender agreement in an additional language: The more languages the better?","authors":"Kamil Długosz","doi":"10.1177/02676583221113333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221113333","url":null,"abstract":"Although previous research has observed a facilitative influence of the first language (L1) on the acquisition and processing of gender agreement in a second language (L2), particularly in language pairs with similar gender agreement marking, the question of whether knowledge of two languages with gender can confer an additional advantage for L3/Ln (third or additional language) learners has not yet been addressed. The present study aimed to fill this research gap by examining the processing of gender agreement in intermediate and advanced L3/Ln Swedish among two groups of Polish native speakers: 30 L2 English / L3 Swedish learners, and 30 L2 English / L3 German / L4 Swedish learners. Participants were tested by means of a speeded grammaticality judgment task, in which they judged the correctness of indefinite noun phrases that either agreed or did not agree in gender. They also completed an untimed gender assignment task to control for their lexical knowledge of gender. Accuracy and response time data were submitted to Generalized Linear Models. The analysis shows that L4 Swedish learners process noun phrases faster than L3 Swedish learners, but only at the intermediate proficiency level; however, the groups do not differ in their judgment accuracy. This advantage is interpreted in terms of a surface transfer of similar gender agreement marking, which helps the learners automatize gender agreement processes earlier, but does not increase their sensitivity to gender-agreement violations. Moreover, the results accord with previous L2 studies in showing that learners of Swedish as L3/Ln develop sensitivity to ungrammaticality with advancing proficiency and benefit substantially from their gender assignment knowledge in processing gender agreement. Crucially, the present study provides preliminary evidence of a multilingual advantage in processing morphosyntactic features in L3/Ln.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

When covert modality sneaks into your grammar: wh-infinitives in American Norwegian 当隐性情态潜入语法时：美国挪威语中的wh不定式

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221103741

Michael T. Putnam, Åshild Søfteland

引用次数: 1

Processing pragmatic inferences in L2 French speakers 二语法语使用者语用推理的处理

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221110236

Emilie Destruel

{"title":"Processing pragmatic inferences in L2 French speakers","authors":"Emilie Destruel","doi":"10.1177/02676583221110236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221110236","url":null,"abstract":"A large amount of literature exists on how native speakers derive and process pragmatic inferences, yet few studies have examined the issue in second language learners, despite a controversial debate of second language (L2) ultimate attainment of phenomena situated at external interfaces. This study contributes to the debate on the integration of external interfaces in highly proficient end-state adult L2 grammars. In an effort to bridge the empirical gap in the past literature, this article reports on two sentence-picture verification tasks designed to test the processing cost of the exhaustive inference associated with cleft sentences in the L2 French of English learners with different proficiency levels. Truth-value judgments and reaction times were recorded in contexts that violated or supported the exhaustive inference. Overall, results show that L2 learners diverge from the natives in their online processing of the exhaustive inference only and that proficiency plays an important role in predicting their behavior. Nevertheless, what post-hoc observations of the data reveal is that L2 length of exposure to native input might be an even better predictor, since only those L2 speakers who have had more exposure to native French input compute the exhaustive inference in clefts as fast as French natives.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44060767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-language perception of Japanese consonant length by speakers from Italian- and Mandarin-speaking backgrounds 意大利语和普通话背景的人对日语辅音长度的跨语言感知

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221108269

K. Tsukada, J. Hajek

{"title":"Cross-language perception of Japanese consonant length by speakers from Italian- and Mandarin-speaking backgrounds","authors":"K. Tsukada, J. Hajek","doi":"10.1177/02676583221108269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221108269","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared individuals from two first language (L1) backgrounds (Italian, Mandarin) to determine how they may differ in their perception of Japanese consonant length (i.e. singleton vs. geminate) according to the phonemic status of length in L1 and experience with Japanese. The participants included two groups of non-native learners of Japanese: 14 native Italian speakers (NI + Japanese), 18 native Mandarin speakers (NM + Japanese) and two control groups: 14 native Italian (NI – Japanese) speakers naïve to Japanese, 10 native Japanese (NJ) speakers. The participants’ length perception accuracy was examined in a forced-choice identification task. The NJ listeners hardly misperceived any tokens, but the non-native listeners were generally accurate (> 85%) in identifying the Japanese length category. The NI – Japanese group was slightly (albeit non-significantly) more accurate than the NM + Japanese group, suggesting the possibility that the use of phonemic length in L1 was facilitative. The direction of misperception (i.e. singleton as geminate or geminate as singleton) differed according to different group. Non-native learners’ results also provided evidence for plasticity in cross-linguistic perception in adulthood.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46135291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interpretation of Mandarin pronouns and reflexives by L1-Korean and L1-English learners of Mandarin 一级朝鲜语和一级英语学习者对普通话代词和反身词的解读

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221103744

Chung-yu Chen, T. Ionin

{"title":"Interpretation of Mandarin pronouns and reflexives by L1-Korean and L1-English learners of Mandarin","authors":"Chung-yu Chen, T. Ionin","doi":"10.1177/02676583221103744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221103744","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates (1) whether second language learners (L2ers) acquire the Mandarin system of pronouns and reflexives despite differences from their first languages (L1s) and (2) whether L1-English and L1-Korean L2ers differ due to L1-transfer. Unlike English, Mandarin and Korean allow long-distance (LD) reflexives. While himself/herself and the Mandarin equivalent taziji both require local readings, Mandarin ziji ‘self’ allows both local and LD readings. In Korean, caki and casin allow LD readings while caki-casin requires local readings. For pronouns, English him/her and Mandarin ta both disallow local readings while Korean ku/kunye allows them. These cross-linguistic differences lead to different transfer-based predictions for L1-Korean and L1-English L2-Mandarin learners. Sixty-two Mandarin native speakers, 42 L1-Korean L2ers, and 32 L1-English L2ers completed a picture-based Truth Value Judgment Task and a Mandarin proficiency test. Results show that proficiency-matched L2ers from both L1s predominantly allowed only local readings of ziji, suggesting that the local reading is the default option, and that Korean speakers do not transfer the properties of Korean simplex reflexives onto ziji, possibly because LD ziji is logophoric, while caki is not. Regarding ta, L1-Korean L2ers under-accepted LD readings and over-accepted local readings, a result that can be attributed to transfer, per Kim’s analysis that Rule I, posited by Grodzinsky and Reinhart, that regulates the distribution of pronouns is weak or absent in Korean.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41992376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The source of the that-trace effect: New evidence from L2 English 那道痕迹效应的来源:来自第二语言英语的新证据

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221104604

Boyoung Kim, G. Goodall

{"title":"The source of the that-trace effect: New evidence from L2 English","authors":"Boyoung Kim, G. Goodall","doi":"10.1177/02676583221104604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221104604","url":null,"abstract":"Recent approaches to the that-trace phenomenon in English include syntactic analyses based on the principle of Anti-locality and a sentence production analysis based on the Principle of End Weight. These analyses have many similarities, but they differ in their predictions for second language (L2) speakers. In an Anti-locality analysis, we expect L2 speakers to show a pattern very similar to first language (L1) speakers, with substantial degradation in acceptability for extraction of a subject from an embedded clause with that. In the Principle of End Weight analysis, we expect L2 speakers to display this same subject extraction degradation whether or not the embedded clause has that. A sentence acceptability experiment with L1 English speakers and two groups of L2 English speakers (L1 Korean and L1 Spanish) confirm the prediction of the Principle of End Weight analysis: the L1 speakers show degradation with subject extraction from a that-clause, while the L2 speakers do the same with clauses with and without that. These results form an interesting contrast with studies of island effects, which have generally found substantial L1~L2 similarities, and show how L2 data can be used as evidence to decide between competing analyses of L1 phenomena.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42347636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Examining the source of island effects in native speakers and second language learners of English 考察以英语为母语的人和以英语为第二语言的人的岛屿效应来源

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221099243

Saad Aldosari, Lauren Covey, Alison Gabriele

{"title":"Examining the source of island effects in native speakers and second language learners of English","authors":"Saad Aldosari, Lauren Covey, Alison Gabriele","doi":"10.1177/02676583221099243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221099243","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate sensitivity to island constraints in English native speakers and Najdi Arabic learners of English, examining (1) whether second language (L2) learners whose native language (L1) does not instantiate overt wh-movement are sensitive to island constraints and (2) the source of island effects. Under a grammatical account of islands, these effects arise due to violations of syntactic constraints. Under the resource-limitation account, island effects arise due to processing difficulty. The source of island effects is interesting to examine in L2 learners because it is possible that reduced processing abilities in the L2 may lead to the low acceptance of sentences with island violations simply due to the complexity of the sentences themselves as opposed to an adherence to grammatical constraints. To tease apart these accounts, we followed Sprouse et al. in focusing on individual differences in working memory (WM). We used an acceptability judgment task (AJT) to quantify island sensitivity and an automated operation span task to measure WM. Building on Sprouse et al., the AJT tested four island types, but we made several modifications to the task design to address concerns raised by Hofmeister et al.: the stimuli included a ‘context’ sentence to improve the naturalness of the complex wh-sentences. The stimuli also included complex wh-fillers (e.g. which worker) as opposed to bare fillers (who), as semantically rich wh-phrases have been found to be easier to process. Our results showed that learners, like natives, exhibited island sensitivity, and there was no evidence that individual differences in WM modulated island sensitivity for either natives or learners. Our results are compatible with the grammatical view of island effects and suggest that wh-dependencies in both L1 and L2 grammars are similarly constrained by syntax.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The acquisition of L2 allophonic variants: The role of phonological distribution and lexical cues 二语语音变体的习得:音位分布和词汇线索的作用

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221099237

Shannon L. Barrios, Joselyn M Rodriguez, Taylor Anne Barriuso

{"title":"The acquisition of L2 allophonic variants: The role of phonological distribution and lexical cues","authors":"Shannon L. Barrios, Joselyn M Rodriguez, Taylor Anne Barriuso","doi":"10.1177/02676583221099237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221099237","url":null,"abstract":"Adult learners acquire second language (L2) allophones with experience. We examine two mechanisms which may support the acquisition of allophonic variants in second language acquisition. One of the mechanisms is based on the distribution of phones with respect to their phonological context (i.e. phonological distribution). The other is based on the role the phones play in contrasting words (i.e. lexical contrast). Experiment 1 established adult native English speakers’ baseline sensitivity to the novel [b]–[β] auditory contrast. In Experiment 2 we examined whether adult native English speakers infer the phonological status of [b] and [β] in an artificial language based only on their distributions to phonological contexts. We observed no evidence that these participants were able to do so. In Experiment 3 we investigated whether learners infer the phonological status of [b] and [β] from the role they play in lexical contrast and observed both perceptual and lexical processing evidence to suggest that adults may use meaning-based cues to the lack of contrast to learn that two phones are allophones of the same phoneme. Together our findings suggest that adult L2 learners may prioritize information about function (in this case, lexical contrast) over the phonological distribution of phones as they determine the phonological status of L2 sounds.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45676781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sign iconicity helps learning new words for abstract concepts in a foreign language 符号象似性有助于学习外语中抽象概念的新单词

IF 2.4 2区文学

Second Language Research Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/02676583221093841

Sara Rodríguez-Cuadrado, Fernando Ojedo, Francisco Vicente-Conesa, Carlos Romero-Rivas, Miguel Ángel Carlos Sampedro, Julio Santiago

{"title":"Sign iconicity helps learning new words for abstract concepts in a foreign language","authors":"Sara Rodríguez-Cuadrado, Fernando Ojedo, Francisco Vicente-Conesa, Carlos Romero-Rivas, Miguel Ángel Carlos Sampedro, Julio Santiago","doi":"10.1177/02676583221093841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02676583221093841","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have explored the use of iconic gestures to improve the learning of foreign vocabulary. In this quest, words for abstract concepts have been largely neglected, under the assumption that abstract concepts have poor or non-existent sensory-motor representations. Yet, the Conceptual Metaphor Theory suggests that they are grounded on concrete concepts. Moreover, analyses of signed languages reveal ways in which signs can exploit metonymies and conceptual metaphors to iconically refer to abstract concepts. Here, we explore whether iconic signs from Spanish Sign Language (LSE) can facilitate the learning of foreign words for abstract concepts in hearing participants who do not know any sign language. In two studies, participants were presented with new labels for abstract and concrete concepts in an artificial language (Vimmi). The labels could be accompanied by either a video of an iconic or non-iconic sign taken from the existing vocabulary of LSE, or a static image of the signer. In study 1, participants did not have to enact the signs they were presented with, while in study 2 they did. Both studies showed that iconic signs facilitated the learning of abstract foreign vocabulary, regardless of enactment. The strategies that sign languages use to develop iconic signs for abstract concepts make those signs useful to assist the learning of foreign words by hearing non-signers.","PeriodicalId":47414,"journal":{"name":"Second Language Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46437917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1